名1.种类
2.宾语从句的时态。
词性从句
3.that什么情况下可以省略，什么情况下不可以省略。 4.whether和if什么时候可以互换，什么时候不可以互换。 5.如何区分同位语从句与定语从句。
1.______thebabycouldspeakmadehisparentsveryhappy. 2.Iwonder______youwillgoshoppingorstayathome. 3.Thisis______hewasoftenlateforschool.
4.Weallknowthetruth______theearth______aroundthesun.
一．名词性从句的概念：一个句子在连接词的引导下，在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。
二．名词性从句的功能：相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等。
Hisjobisimportant.(主语) Whathedoesisimportant.(主语) Thisishisjob.(表语)
Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.(表语) Idon’tlikehisjob.(宾语)
Idon’tlikewhathedoeseveryday.(宾语)
Idon’tknowaboutthefactthatheisateacher.(同位语) Idon’tknowabouttheman,Mr.White.(同位语)
得出结论：因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分为四类，即：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 三．引导名词性从句的连接词：
1、连接代词：who,whoever,whose,whom,whomever,what,which。有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。
? Idon’tbelieve__________hehasachievedsofar. ? __________breaksthelawshouldbepunished.
2、连接副词：when,where,why,how。有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。 ? __________wewillhandintheprojectwillbediscussedlater.
? Parentsarethoughttounderstand__________importanteducationistotheirchildren’sfuture. ? Thereason__________hewasabsentwasthathewasill.
3、连接词：that,whether,if,asif,asthough。that无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略；if(whether),asif虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分。 ? Idon’tcareabout__________youhavemoneyornot. ? Theproblemis__________Tomisabletoarriveontime. ? __________themeetingwillbeheldhereisnotdecidedyet. ? Itlooks__________itisgoingtorain.
? Thetruthis__________hedidn’tcomefortheconcert. ? __________theearthisroundistrue. 四．名词性从句的类型：
1.主语从句：在复合句中作主句的主语。连接词有that,whether;who,what,which;when,where,how,why等。如: ? __________heisafamoussingerisknowntous. ? __________hewillgotoAmericaisnotyetfixed. ? __________she’scomingornotdoesn’tmattertoomuch. ? __________broketheglassyesterdayisnotclear. 注意：
1.为避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语。 记住以下it作形式主语的句型：
e.以it作形式主语，把主语从句后置的常见句型有： 1.Itis+名词+从句
It'sapity/shamethat…很可惜/很遗憾…… It'snosurprise/wonderthat…毫不奇怪/很正常…… 2.Itis+形容词+从句
It'scertain/uncertain/obviousthat……肯定…/不确定/显然…… It'slikely/possible/probablethat…有可能…… 3.Itis+过去分词+从句
It'ssaid/reported/thought/believethat…据说/据报道/大家认为/人们相信…… 4.It+不及物动词+thattmatter/makesnodifference 5.Ithappensthat…碰巧……
? Itworriedherabit______herhairwasturninggrey.
? Itremainsaquestion______wecangetsomuchmoneyinsuchashorttime. ? Itisknowntous______wherethereispollution,thereisharm.
不及物动词有
seem/happen/appear/occur/doesn’
2. 单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用句单数形式；如果是两个或两个以上的主语作 主语，谓语动词用复数。
Whenandwherehewasbornhasn’tbeenfound.
Whenhewasbornandwherehewasbornhaven’tbeenfound. Exercises:
? .______makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices. ? ______Icanpaybackthehelpthatpeoplegivememakesmeveryhappy. ? It’snotclear______wasresponsiblefortheaccident.
? ______intheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyoure-mail account.
A.WhatisrequiredB.WhatrequiresC.ItisrequiredD.Itrequires
2.表语从句：在复合句中作主句的表语。引导词有连词that,whether,asif,asthough;who,what,which,whose;when,where,how,why,because等。如: ? Theproblemis_________wedidn’tgetintouchwithhim. ? Thisis_________Henrysolvedtheproblem.
? Hissuggestionis_________we(should)finishtheworkatonce. ? Itlooked_________itwasgoingtorain.
? Thereason_________wedidn'ttrusthimis_________hehasoftenlied． 注意：
1.如果句子的主语是suggestion,advice,order,demand,proposal等名词时,后面引导的表语从句用should+动词原形,should可省略。
他的建议是我们应该马上完成工作.Hissuggestionisthatwe(should)finishtheworkatonce. 2.Thereasonisthat……的理由是，…的原因是…
Thereason__________hewaslateagainwas__________hewascaughtinthetrafficjam. 3.Itisbecause…这是因为… Exercises:
? Thisis______shewasborn.
? Thequestionis______wecan’tgotheretoday. ? Myadviceisthathe______(go)toschoolbybike.
? ______shecouldn’tunderstandwas______fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons. ? Energyis______makesthingswork.
3.宾语从句：在复合句中作主句的宾语。引导词有连词that,whether,if;who,whom,whose,what,which;when,where,how,why等。如:
(1)V+宾语从句，即“动宾”：
Webelievethatheishonest./Iaskediftheyhadacheapsuit./Canyoutellmewhichdictionaryishers?/Ireallydon’tknowwhatheisdoing.
? Ijustdon’tunderstand______thatpreventssomanyAmericansfrombeingashappyasone mightexpect.
A.whyitdoesB.whatitdoesC.whatitisD.whyitis ? ---Don’tyoubelieveme? ---______,Iwillbelieve______yousay.
A.No;whateverB.Yes;nomatterwhatC.No;nomatterwhatD.Yes;whatever
? “Whatdidyourparentsthinkaboutyourdecision?”“Theyalwaysletmedo______Ithink Ishould.”
A.whenB.thatC.howD.what .(2)prep+宾语从句，即“介宾”：
He’spleasedwithwhatwedidyesterday./Payattentiontowhattheteachersaid. ? Iwishtohaveafriendwith______sharesmyhobbiesandinterests. A.whomeverB.nomatterwhoC.whoeverD.anyone
? Marywroteanarticleon______theteamhadfailedtowinthegame. A.whyB.whatC.whoD.that
? Itwasamatterof______wouldtaketheposition. A.whoB.whoeverC.whomD.whomever (3)adj+宾语从句，即“形宾”：
I’msurethatmybrotherwilllovethejacket./Iamgladthatyoucancomeandhelpme. 不能误将”It+be+adj+that”的主语从句当成宾语从句. 如：ItisnecessarythatweshouldlearnEnglishwell. 注意：
(1)whether与if都可以引导宾语从句，常可互换。但下面情况不能互换。 ①宾语从句是否定句时，只用if，不用whether。 Iwonderifitdoesn’train.
②用if会引起误解，就要用whether。
Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouwanttogo.（如果把whether改成if，容易当成条件句理解） ③宾语从句中的whether与ornot直接连用，就不能换成if；不直接连用，可换成if。 Idon’tknowwhetherornotthereportistrue. Idon’tknowwhetherthereportistrueornot.
④介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导。whether可与不定式连用，构成whethertodo结构。 whether也可引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，还可引导让步状语从句，以上均不能换成if。但引导条件从句时，只能用if，而不能用whether。 Theydon’tknowwhethertogothere. Pleasecometoseemeifyouhavetime. Exercises:
? Iaskedher__________shehadabike.
? __________wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather. ? We’reworriedabout__________heissafe. ? Idon’tknow__________heiswellornot. ? Idon’tknow___________ornotheiswell. ? Thequestionis__________heshoulddoit.
(2)如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，就用it作形式宾语，将宾语从句后置，并且that不可以省略.
Hehasmadeitclearthathewillwinthegame. IfinditnecessarythatweshouldlearnEnglishwell.
WefinditnecessarythatwepracticespokenEnglisheveryday.
(3) 表示“坚持，建议，命令，要求”的宾语从句，如一坚持insist，二命令ordercommand三建议advise,suggest,recommend四要求request,require,demand，desire等，从句用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形,should可省略。 Iinsistedthathe(should)gowithus.坚持要求 Hesuggestedthatweshouldgototheparknow.建议 Sheinsistedthatshewastrue.坚持认为
Theheavycloudsuggeststhatitisgoingtorain.暗示、表明
(4)在“主语+believe/think/suppose/know/expect”的结构中，其否定形式要用否定转移，即主句否定，从句肯定。 Idon’tthinkhewillcome. Idon’tthinkI’lltroubleyouagain. Idon’texpectthattheywillgetmarriedsoon. (5)宾语从句的时态呼应：
a.如果主句时态是一般现在时或将来时,从句谓语可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态. 他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的.Hebelieves_________________________. b.请告诉我你昨天去了哪儿.Pleasetellme_________________________.
高一英语名词性从句讲解
