高考完形填空的解题技巧
（一）完形填空题的题型特点 1. 首句完整
“完形填空”所选短文一般无标题，但首句通常不设空，目的是让考生迅速进入主题，熟悉语言环境，建立正确的思维导向。 2. 语境选择
近几年的高考完形填空题主要考查考生对上下文的理解，要求考生通过语境来作出选择。“语境能力型”试题具有相当难度，因为完形填空所给的四个选项往往在语法方面都能成立，错误选项多半可以和空前、空后文字形成某种搭配，极具干扰和迷惑作用。做完形填空题，需要我们立足语篇环境，树立全局观念，瞻前顾后，连贯思维，从语境角度来选择答案。 3. 动名为主
完形填空所给的选项一般是同一词类，或属同一范畴。测试点往往集中于某些词类。高考完形填空题考查动词（5—8个）、名词（4—6个）、然后是形容词，副词等。而介词、连词、冠词等虚词则相对考得较少。这是因为现在的完形填空主要考察语境，而在通常情况下只有实词才能较好地体现语境。 4. 难处暗示
难选之处前后多有暗示。这种暗示多为后面暗示前面，也就是说前面的填空从当时的情况来看，或是线索不清，或是语境不明，无法填出，但只要我们继续往下读，我们就会发现此空在后面的某个地方有暗示。 5. 选材适中
近几年来的高考完型填空题材多为具有一定故事情节的记叙文或具有一定哲理和教育意义，夹叙夹议，以叙为主的议论文。词数在200-300之间。设空距离为10个词左右。短文内容结构严谨，逻辑性强，层次分明。材料难度与高三教材相当，所选短文的英语语言符合高三学生的实际水平。 (二) 完型填空题解题步骤 1. 细读首句，预测主题
“完形填空”所选短文一般无标题，但首句通常不设空，目的是让考生迅速进入主题，建立正确的思维导向。同时也不可忽视尾句前后呼应的作用。 2. 通读全文，试选答案
根据全文大意，以全文为背景，把所给四个选项分别套入空格所在的句子中试填，初步完形空格。试填选项时，一定要注意在语境理解上下功夫，要抓住上下文的内容联系和逻辑关系。在阅读全文时，不要忽略连接词、代词、插入语、转折语等的作用。因为这些词往往是改变语境的关键词，具有因果、让步、递进、转折、指代、列举、承上启下的特殊
功能。
如：but, yet, however, whereas, while 等表示转折或对比；besides, moreover,what is more等表示信息增加; so, so that, therefore, as a result等表示推理结果。平时练习中要注意分辨这类词的细微差别，这样才有利于保证选项的准确性。要弄清空格处待填的是什么词、起何作用，同时也要注意习惯表达法，语法知识等，从而筛选出符合文意的选项。 4. 细读全文，推敲难题
有些空格在初步完形时就可以定局，可部分空格答案还不明朗。做到这一步，我们已能将短文中被挖去的词“复位”了一些，对语境的了解更清晰，更准确了。我们要充分利用这一有利条件，联系上下文意，根据常识，运用逻辑推理，结合语境和已选答案所提供的信息，对候选项再次进行仔细推敲，缜密考虑，选出最佳答案。若有些答案实在难以确定，可采用“排除法”，首先排除在语法或内容上明显不符合要求的答案，然后再比较、定夺。可按空格所在位置，从词语搭配、上下文意、习惯用法、词义辨析和语法结构等方面，耐心细致地逐项分析，以求对应。可先读所要填词的句子，复读上一句，兼顾下一句，即“瞻前顾后”，确保答案的准确无误
2019年海淀区高三一模英语
第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 AGame of Light and Shade
It was a sunny day. Ihad gone up and down the tower when, outside the door at the foot, a blind mancame toward me. In a moment, he disappeared up the stairs. I looked at the signthat said “To the Tower”, and decided to ___11___ him.
I caught up with himin the ticket office. There I was ___12___ to see the attendant (工作人员) selling him a ticket as if he were any other visitor. Then, withthe ticket in one hand and ___13___ the wall with the fingers of theother, the blind man reached the stairs ___14___ to the hallway.
“That man is blind.What would a blind man climb up the tower for?” I said to the attendant,expecting him to show some ___15___, but he didn’t answer.
“Not the ___16___certainly,” I said. “Perhaps he wants to ___17___.”
I bought a ticket and___18___ up the stairs. The man hadn’t gone as far as I___19___.A third of the way up the tower, I heard his ___20___. I slowed down andfollowed him at a little ___21___. He stopped from time to time. When hegot to the
balcony (阳台), I was a dozen steps ___22___.As I reached it, I saw him at the corner of the tower.
At last, after tenminutes, I ___23___ him. “Excuse me,” I said as politely as I could,“but I am curious to know ___24___ you came up.”
He smiled. “Coming upthe stairs, you will notice how not just light but sun___25___ into thetower through the narrow windows here and there, so that you can feel the ___26___—thecool stairs suddenly become quite warm—and how up here behind the wall there is___27___, but as soon as going opposite a window you can find the sun.There is no ___28___ so good as this for feeling the difference betweenlight and shade. It is not the first time I’ve come up.”
The blind man seemedquite ___29___, just like a child who was enjoying his favorite games.He told me the truth that blind men can also find the beauty in life___30___they cannot enjoy the sights of the world. 11.A. accept B. follow C. control D. visit
12.A. frightened B. disappointed C. surprised D. embarrassed 13.A. touching B. climbing
高考完形填空的解题技巧.doc
