教师辅导讲义
年 级：高三 课时数：3 辅导科目：英语 课 题 教学目的 时态用法复习 系统梳理各种时态用法，掌握并灵活运用重要考点。 教学内容 Step1：Greetings & Free talk （请老师选择学生感兴趣的话题进行口语练习） Step2: Assignments checking ＆Revision I、错题重现 (请老师根据学生具体情况添加) II、重点知识回顾，词汇默写 Step３: Grammar focus—时态复习 时态是谓语动词所表示的动作或情况发生时的各种形式。英语有16种时态，以动词work 为例，详见下表: 现在 过去 将来 过去将来 一般时 works/work worked will/shall work would/should work was/were working had worked will/ shall be working would/should be working will/ shall have worked would/should have worked 进行时 完成时 完成进行时 has /have been working had been working will/shall have been working would/should have been working is/am/are working has/have worked 高中阶段常用的是11种时态：一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在进行时，过去进行时，将来进行时，现在完成时，过去完成时，将来完成时，过去将来时，现在完成进行时。 （1）一般现在时考点分析 ①表示客观事实或普通真理（不受时态限制） The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun. Water boils at 100oC. ②表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词；表示经常或习惯性的动作，多用动作动词，且常与表频率的时间状语连用。 We always care for each other and help each other. ③表示知觉、态度、感情、某种抽象的关系或概念的词常用一般现在时：see、hear、smell、taste、feel、notice、agree、believe、like、hate、want、think、belong seem等。如： Smith owns a car and a house. All the students here belong to No.1 Middle School. 【重要考点】 ④在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时（主将从现）。但要注意由if 引导的条件状语从句中可以用shall或will表“意愿”，但不表示时态。 If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased. 如果你愿意接受并参加我们的舞会，我的家人会非常高兴。 ⑤少数用于表示起止的动词如come、go、leave、arrive、fly、return、start、begin、pen、close、end、stop等常用一般现在时代替将来时，表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作。当be表示根据时间或事先安排，肯定会出现的状态，只用一般现在时。 The shop closes at 11:00 p.m. every day. Tomorrow is Wednesday. （2）一般过去时的考点分析（考核重点）。 ①一般过去时的基本用法：表示过去的事情、动作或状态常与表示过去具体的时间状语连用（或有上下文语境暗示）；用于表达过去的习惯；表示说话人原来没有料到、想到或希望的事通常用过去式。如： I met her in the street yesterday. They never drank wine. 【经典例句】 I thought the film would be interesting, but it isn’t. ②如果从句中有一个过去的时间状语，尽管从句中的动作先于主句发生，但从句中的谓语动词连用过去式。如： He told me he read an interesting novel last night. ③表示两个紧接着发生的动作，常由以下词语连接，用一般过去时。如：but, and, when, as soon as, immediately, the moment, the minute。 The moment she came in, she told me what had happened to her. He bought a watch but lost it. ④常用一般过去时的句型： 【经典例句】 I didn’t notice it. I forgot to tell you I had been there with my brother before. I didn’t recognize him. （3）一般将来时考点分析。 ①表示未来的动作或状态常用will / shall + 动词（常与表示将来的时间状语边用如tomorrow、next week等）。 ②表示一种趋向或习惯动作。 We’ll die without air or water. 【辨析】be going to与will / shall, be to do, be about to do用法及区别： be going to 表示现在打算在最近或将来要做某事，这种打算往往经过事先考虑，甚至已做了某种准备； shall / will do表示未事先考虑过，即说话时临时作出的决定。 be going to 表将来，不能用在条件状语从句的主句中；而will则能，表意愿。 If it is fine, we’ll go fishing.(正确) If it is fine, we are going to go fishing.(错误) be to do sth.表按计划、安排即将发生的动作，还可表示吩咐、命令、禁止，可能性等。 A meeting is to be held at 3:00 o’clock this afternoon. be about to do sth.表示“即可，就要”，后面不能接时间状语或状语从句。 Autumn harvest is about to start. （4）现在进行时考点分析。 ①表示说话时正在发生着的一个动作 It is raining now. ②表示现阶段但不一定是发生在讲话时 He is teaching English and learning Chinese. ③表近期特定的安排或计划 We are leaving on Friday. ④表示趋向行为的动词如come、go、start、begin、leave等词常用进行时的形式表示将来时 I am meeting Mr. Wang tonight. At six I am bathing the baby.(I start bathing the body before six.) ⑤The girl is always talking loud in public.(与always、often等频度副词连用，表经常反复的行动或某种感情色彩) ★下面四类动词不宜用现在进行时。 （A）表示心理状态、情感的动作：like, love, hate, care, remember, believe, want, mind, wish, agree, mean, need。 （B）表存在的状态的动词：appear, exist, lie, remain, seem belong to, depend on。 （C）表示一时性动作的动词：allow, accept, permit, promise, admit, complete。 （D）表示感官的动词：see, hear, notice, feel, smell, sound, taste, look。 （5）现在完成时考点分析。 ①现在完成时时间状语for、since引导的状语，还可以和下面的介词短语连用：during / in /over the last(past)few years (months, weeks)、in recent years，recently, lately . ②下列句型中常用现在完成时 It is (has been) + 一段时间 + since从句 This(That / It)is the first(second…)time that + 完成时 This(That / It)is the only … + that + 完成时 This(that / It)is the best / finest / most interesting … + that 从句 + 完成时 ③在时间或条件状语从句中，现在完成时可以代替一般将来时。如： I shall post the letter as soon as I have written it. If you have done the experiment, you will realize the theory better. Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped. （6）过去完成时考点分析（考核重点）。 ①常用过去完成时的几种情况： （A）在by、by the end、by the time、until、before、since后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句以前发生的动作。 ：By the end of last year, we had produced 20,000 cars. The train had left before we reached the station. (B)表示曾实现的希望、打算、意图、诺言等。常用had hoped / planned / meant / intended/ though / wanted / expected或 用上述动词过去式接不定式完成式表示即：hoped / planned … + to have done。 （C）“时间名词 + before”在句子中作状语，谓语动词用过去完成时；“时间名词 + ago”在句中作状语，谓语动词用一般过去式。 He said his first teacher had died at least 10 years before. Xiao Hua left school 3 years ago. （D）表示“一……就”的几个句型：Hardly / No sooner / Scarcely had + 主语 + 过去分词 + when / than / before + 一般过去时。 We had no sooner been seated than the bus started. = No sooner had we been seated than the bus started. ②在before或after引导的时间状语从句中用一般过去时态代替过去完成时。 After he (had)left the room, the boss came in. We arrived home before it snowed. （7）过去将来时考点分析。 参照一般将来时对比：用would do、was / were going to do sth.表过去将来；come、go、leave等过去进行时表过去将来时；was / were to do sth.和was / were about to do sth.表过去将来。 （8）过去进行时考点分析。 ①过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或某一阶段内发生或频繁发生。 ②某一动作发生时另一动作正在发生，其中一个在由when或while引导的时间状语从句中。 （9）注意几组时态的区别： ①一般过去时与现在完成时：根据时间状语：凡有过去时间的均用过去时态，不能用完成时态，如含有ago、last year、just now、the other day等。 结果上有差异：现在完成时强调的是对“现在”的影响和结果，动作到现在刚完成或还在继续；一般过去时强调的是动作发生在“过去”，和现在毫无关系。 ②过去完成时与一般过去时：过去完成时强调的是“过去的过去”；如出现同一主语连续几个动作（“连谓”）形式则只用一般过去时即可。 Step4：Consolidation exercise. Section A：基础题 1. A decision at the meeting but it until next month. A. has been made ... won't be announced B. was made ... isn't announced C. was making . .. will announce D. had made .. . will be announced 2. Streets around the Europe very quiet last Wednesday because car use . A. were becoming ... was limited B. became ... was limited C. has become ... limited D. did become ... limited 3. The first book about tea in Chinese in the 9th century. A. wrote B. is written C. was written D. had written 4. A total of 39 human bird flu cases in Asian countries, such as Vietnam by now. A. was reported B. has been reported C. reported D. has reported 5. Tony's mother in bed for three weeks because her legs in an accident. A. has lay ... injured B. has been lying ... were injured C. has been lain ... were injured D. has laid ... injured 6. Alice said to me that she in her hometown for two more days. A. had stayed B. had been staying C. would stay D. stayed 7. By the end of this month, more than 200 students here the driving test. A. will pass B. will have passed C. have passed D. had passed 8. I you the book as soon as possible, I promise you. A. would send B. sent C. will send D. send 9. My cousin his supper when I dropped in on him this time yesterday. A. had B. had had C. had been having D. was having 10. If it had not been for the help of my teachers, I so much in the last two years. A. couldn't have achieved B. didn't achieve C. hadn't achieved D. must have achieved 11. We more than an hour before the train arrived. We out so early without breakfast. A. had waited... shouldn't start B. waited ... couldn't start C. had been waiting . . . needn't start D. had waited ... needn't have started 12. It's late in the evening, but my brother still hasn't come back. What do you think to him? A. would happen B. has happened C. is happened D. had happened 13. A little boy but that policeman in the river and saved him. A. was drowning ... was diving B. was drowned ... dived C. drowned ... was diving D. was drowning .. . dived 14. The sports meeting that the students have been looking forward to tomorrow. A. holding B. being held C. is to be held D. is going to hold 15. Look at these clouds. . A. It will rain B. It is to rain C. It will be raining D. It is going to rain 16. We leave the meeting hall when something unexpected happened. A. were to B. were about to C. will be able to D. could be able to 17. If he wins today, he four matches in the Olympic Games. A. has won B. will win C. will have won D. would have won 18. The athletes at 9 o'clock tomorrow and we will meet them at the airport. A. will be arriving B. have been arrived C. are arriving D. arrive 19. What a good boy Mike is! He others in his spare time. A. is always helping B. has always been helping C. will always help D. will always have helped 20. I to call him to say \ A. think B. thought C. have thought D. had thought 21. He the door, the light and began to clean the room. A. opened ... turned on B. had opened ... had turned off C. opened ... turning on D. had opened ... turning off 22. When I was young, my father told me that the earth the sun. A. went around B. goes round C. was going around D. had gone round 23. The pen I bought yesterday very smoothly. A. was written B. is written C. wrote D. writes 24. — Oh, it's you! I you. —I've just had my hair cut and I my new glasses. A. don't recognize ... have worn B. didn't recognize ... am wearing C. haven't recognized ... was wearing D. didn't recognize ... was wearing 25. — What's wrong with you, Mary? You well. — I have taken this medicine for three days, but it . A. don't look ... doesn't work B. isn't looked ... doesn't work C. look ... works D. didn't look . . . hasn't worked 26. My grandmother is 93 years old. In two years she 95. A. was going to be B. has been C. would be D. will be 27. The old man's son for more than two weeks and he hasn't heard from him since then. A. has left B. went away C. has been away D. has gone away 28. Our teacher once told us that failure the mother of success. A. was B. is C. will be D. should be 29. If you me with my English, I take part in the contest next month. A. helps ... will B. will help ... will C. help ... would D. helped ... should 30. The orphan was taken into hospital this morning. As a matter of fact, he ill for one week. A. has being B. was C. had been D. had got
高三英语(时态复习一)
