As%=[0.1000×45.45×10-3×M(As)]/[3×0.5000] ×100% =22.70%
8. 解:设该铁的氧化物的分子式为FexOy
则
55.85x+16.00y=0.5434
55.85x=0.3801 ∴ x= 0.006806 y= 0.01020
∴ y/x =0.01020/0.006806 = 1.5 = 3:2 即该铁的氧化物的分子式为Fe2O3
第9章 重量分析法
1.解:
S0=[CaSO4]=β[Ca2+][SO42-]=β×Ksp=200×9.1×10-6=1.82×10-3mol/L
[CaSO4]水1.82?10?3?0?37.6%SS+Ksp非离解形式Ca2+的百分数为
3.解:
BaSO4在0.1mol/LNaCl中,I??2+(1)
1ciZi2?0.10,?2
2?查表得a(Ba)?5,a(SO4)?4,?Ba2+?0.38,?SO2??0.3554?Ksp0?s?[Ba]?[SO]?Ksp??2.86?10?5(Ksp0?1.1?10?10)?Ba2+??SO2?2+2?44
(2)
BaSO4在0.1mol?L?1BaCl2中,I??2+1?CiZi?0.302
2?查表得a(Ba)?5,a(SO4)?4?
?lg?Ba2+?0.512?102?lg?Ba2+?0.512?1020.30?0.5909,?Ba2+?0.261?0.328?5?0.30 0.30?0.6526,?SO2??0.2241?0.328?4?0.30
精品文档
2??Ksp0?1.1?10?10?[Ba2+]??Ba2+?[SO4]??SO2??(s?0.10)?0.26?s?0.224
s?1.92?10?8mol?L?1
5.解:
I?1ciZi2?0.10,?2
?2+2?查表得a(Ba)?5,a(SO4)?4?,
?Ba?0.38,?SO?0.3552+2?4
?SO2?41.0?10?2??0.125?20.07?1.0?10
44Ksp0?1.1?10?10?aBa?aSO4?(0.01?S)??Ba2+?s??SO2???SO2?s?6.44?10?7mol?L?1
7.解:
AgCl?AgBr?Ag??Cl?,Ksp?1.8?10?10 Ag??Br?,Ksp?5?10?13
?Ag在同一溶液中,只有一种浓度
KspAgCl?KspAgBr,AgCl?的溶解度大得多
?Ag?浓度由AgCl?决定
s?[Ag?]?KspAgCl?1.8?10?10?1.34?10?5mol?L?1
9.解:
已知CaCO3沉淀在水中的主要离解平衡为:
CaCO3??H2OCa2+?HCO3??OH?
Ksp?[Ca2+][HCO3?][OH?]?s32+??[CO32?][H?]Ksp?KwKsp?[Ca][HCO3][OH]????2?[CO3][H]Ka2
精品文档
s?
3Ksp?Kw32.9?10?9?10?14?Ka25.6?10?11 s?8.02?10?5mol?L?1
[OH?]?s?8.02?10?5mol?L?1 pOH?4.1,pH?9.9
11.解:
?Ag(SO)?223cAg8.8213.46-2214.15-3399.48?1?10?0.01+10?(10)+10?(10)?3.02?10=10[Ag?]s?0.0109.48-17+-
KSP=9.3×10=[Ag][I]=10
s=2.81×10-5 mol?L 13.解:
[Ba2?]?0.1?10001??4.9?10?3mol?L?1150M(Ba)
50?3.3?10?3mol?L?1150
?1混合后,
[SO42?]?0.01?2?(4.9?10?3?3.3??3)?150?137.33?3.3mgBa剩余的=
100 mL纯水洗涤时损失的
BaSO4:
s?[Ba2?]?Ksp?1.05?10?5mol?L?1 ?为1.05?10?5?100?233.4=0.245mg
?1HSO24洗涤时 mol?L100 mL0.010
0.010mol?L?1H2SO4的[H?]?1.41?10?2mol?L?1
Ksp?1.1?10?10?[Ba2?][SO42?]?s?(s?0.01)??SO2??s?0.01?4Ka21.41?10?2?Ka2
精品文档
?s=2.65?10-8mol?L?1,BaSO4损失mg数为:2.65?10-8?100?233.4?6.2?10?4mg
16.解:
(1)
NH4HF2???NH4F?HFHF0.005?[H?][H]H???0.005?[H?]F?
[H?][F?]Ka?[HF]?[H?]?5.84?10?4mol?L?10.001Ka?[Ca2?][F?]2??(2?0.005??F?)2?0.0005?(0.01??)22[H]?Ka?0.0005?(0.01?0.56)2?1.57?10?8?KspAgCl?有沉淀生成
(2)
?Ag(NH)=3cAg[Ag]??1?103.24?0.5?107.0(0.5)2?2.8?106
0.05?0.5?8.9?10?9?KspAgCl62.8?10?有沉淀生成 [Ag?][Cl?]?pH?9.26?lg0.05=8.260.5
(3)
pOH?5.74,[OH]?1.82?10?6mol?L?1?[Mg2?][OH?]2?0.005?(1.82?10?6)2?1.66?10?14?KspMg(OH)2?无沉淀生成
19.解:
精品文档
s?[Zn2?]?[ZnOH?]?[Zn(OH)2]+[Zn(OH)-+[Zn(OH)2-3]4] ?[Zn2?]{1??1[OH?]??2[OH?]2??3[OH?]3??4[OH?]4} ?Ksp??2?3?4?{1??[OH]??[OH]??[OH]??[OH]}1234?2[OH]
?2.5?10-7mol?L?1
主要状态可由数值得 22.解:
F?M(Cr2O3)?0.23512M(PbCrO4) 2M(MgSO4?7H2O)?2.215M(Mg2P2O7)
M[Ca3(PO4)2]?0.082662M[(NH4)3PO4?12MoO3] M(P2O5)?0.037832M2M[(NH4)3PO4?12MoO3]
(1)
F?(2)
F?(3)
F?(4)
25.解: 设CaC2O4为x,MgC2O4 y=0.6240-x
?x?
M(CaCO3)M(MgCO3)?(0.6240?x)??0.4830M(CaC2O4)M(MgC2O4)
x?0.4773g,CaC2O4%?76.49%
y?0.1467g,MgC2O4%?23.51%
0.5805?M(AgCl)107.868?35.453?0.5805??1.4236M(NaCl)Na?35.453
28.解:
精品文档