on-the-job communication time listening to other people talking. They have to use their listening skills effectively while they are at meeting, having discussions, on the phone, or taking instructions. The second most important communication skill is speaking. People at work often have to talk to others. For example, they have to talk to their boss, supervisors, colleagues and customers. Reading and writing skills are also important. In order to keep pace with the latest developments and up-to-date information in one’s field, one has to read extensively: books, journals, magazines, newspapers and information on the Internet. Writing is important at work as well. Jobs involving research papers, memos, reports, etc. all require effective writing skills. In fact, whatever kind of job one has, one needs to be good at these four basic communication skills. Task 4
This is a line graph showing the number of children aged 12 and under who were diagnosed with HIV and died of AIDS from 1985 to 1995.
As we can see, during a ten-year period of time, the number of HIV-infected children rose from 250 in 1985 to 6,700 in 1995. In other words, the number of HIV-infected children under 12 increased by almost 3,000%, or nearly 30 times over a ten-year period of time and during the same period of time 3,811 children died of Aids. This is a heartbreaking fact, and in the majority of cases children acquire HIV from their infected mother during pregnancy, labour, delivery or, after birth, through breastfeeding. Also, a small number of children acquire HIV infection as a result of receiving unscreened infected blood or blood products.
Therefore, the most effective way to reduce the number of children who become infected with HIV is to prevent HIV infection in parents-to-be. This requires strengthening of family-planning service. Of course, health education is also very important. People need to know that children can become infected with HIV. At the same time more care and support should be given to the HIV-infected children so that they can live a longer and better life.
Unit5
Task 2 Vocabulary Development
B enacted implement intractable impact fragile payoffs prosecuted accountable compliance petty Task 3 Translation
B. 当前是一个信息即时交流的时代，要想掩盖恶行越来越难，因为眼下私人侦探、走漏政府内部信息的人、愤愤不平的竞争对手以及那些刨根问底的记者们都会把那些贪污腐败的官员和奸商暴露出来。由于腐化堕落会断送事业前程，所以曝光是一种重要的威慑力量。仅去年一年，被丑闻拉下台的就有乌克兰总理、南非副总统、巴西执政党领袖、肯尼亚政府的几名地位显赫的部长以及美国众议院多数党领袖。但是要确保腐败丑闻不会像色情电视剧那样重复上演，就必须进行系统的变革。领导层的变革在诸如世界银行、经济合作与发展组织、联合国、透明国际以及国际商会等重点机构已经展开或者即将展开。改革后的新领导班子应该与非政府组织以及其他重要机构（如出口信贷机构、国际执法部门等）领导人携手合作，以便制定全面的反腐战略，就近期和中期行动达成共识。
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C. 1. Acid rain poisons fish, destroys forest, and corrodes buildings.
2. We should not just pay lip service to environmental protection; we must act.
3. Investigation showed that some petty bureaucrats had also been involved in this “power for money exchange”.
4. We must reinforce the momentum of the anticorruption drive and show no mercy to the corrupt officials. 5. The government’s transportation agencies must execute the law strictly and enforce severe penalties for drunken drivers.
6. December 9 is designated by the UN as International Anticorruption Day, which provides a unique opportunity to enhance public awareness and commitment to combating graft and curbing corruption.
7. The United Nations has newly promulgated the UN Anticorruption Convention, requiring that the signed member nations enact laws prohibiting bribery and extortion. 8. The true impact of corruption is now widely acknowledged: corruption distorts markets and competition, breeds cynicism among citizens, undermines the rule of law, damages government legitimacy, and corrodes the integrity of the private sector.
9. Developed nations must be willing to investigate and prosecute their multinational corporations when they engage in bribery abroad, even in the face of intense globe competition.
10. Bi Yuxi, the former vice-director of Beijing Municipal Bureau of Communications was sentenced to death yesterday for accepting bribes and embezzling state-owned assets with a two-year reprieve at the Beijing First International People’s Court. According to the ruling/ judgment, he was deprived of his political rights for life and all his personal property will be confiscated.
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(完整版)学术综合英语unit1-5课后习题答案
