2015 年 8 月，在教育部考试中心发布的《普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语科考试说明》中，提出了写作新题型:读后续写或概要写作，两种形式在不同考次不定期交替使用。
随着新教材的使用推广，该题型已经在浙江、山东、辽宁等省份的日常考试中频繁出现，并将在2020年高考中使用。读后续写作为一种全新的高考题型，对于新题型我们该如何训练我们的续写和概要总结能力呢！一起来边做例题边学习吧！
【读后续写】
读后续写主要关注以下四个方面的能力:
（1）把握短文关键信息和语言特点的能力。学生需要了解所给短文的主要内容，清楚其关键词和语言结构的使用情况，并通过续写短文表现出来。
（2）语言运用的准确性和丰富性。学生能准确、恰当地使用所学词汇和语言结构，还能够根据内容需要使用较多、较复杂的词汇和语言结构。
（3）对语篇结构的把控能力。学生需要掌握上下文逻辑关系，所续写的短文与所给短文及段落开头语之间要有连贯性，所续写的短文内语句要连贯、有序。
（4）创造性思维能力。学生所续写的短文要具有较丰富的内容，包含详细和生动的情景、态度和感情描述。 “读后续写”答题攻略如下：
（1）精读文章，确定文章线索。每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，
通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索，例如什么人(who)什么时间(when)在什么地方(where)因为什么(why)做了什么事儿(what)，最后有了什么发展(how)。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求。一般短文后面的“注意”都有对此短文续写的具体要求，如字数限制、使用几处下划线关键词语、续写段落的首句提示。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路。根据文章后面的要求，再次快速回读短文，抓住文章的思路，结合段首的提示语，最终确定续写段落的思路，同时结合文章划线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。 （4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句。在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中划线的关键词语拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性、语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。这一步是得分的关键。
例题示意（选自《一遍过》高中英语选择性必修第一册）： 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
《一遍过》英语新教材版的亮点及特色
Sally had an anxiety disorder that made her fail to speak in social situations. I`m a nurse and use Bella to help children in my community, to bring them joy, comfort and confidence. I thought back to when I first brought Bella to the school. That morning in January, her teacher led us to a room by the school office. “Sally hasn't spoken outside her home for two years,” she told me. “Her parents have taken her to doctors, but nothing has worked. ”A little girl stood shyly just inside the doorway. Her eyes brightened when she noticed my dog. “This is Isabella Rose. I call her Bella,” I said. “Would you like to pet her? She doesn`t know anyone here and she`d like to meet you. She does tricks. Would you like to see?” Sally nodded. I moved my hand. Bella lay down and then rolled over. Sally`s eyes cheered up. We visited the school once a week. I showed Sally the hand signals for various commands. She was a natural for Bella, maybe because she couldn't rely on the spoken word herself. Bella sensed that and responded. Soon Sally was able to take Bella through her paces all on her own. I could see her standing taller, more sure of herself each time we met. One morning in March when she was working with Bella, I heard a tiny voice, barely a whisper: “Good dog.” Sally didn`t take her eyes off Bella, but I wanted to jump for joy. Sally spoke a little more each week, only to Bella at first，but then to me. She started giving voice commands with her hand signals and her confidence rose. Still, she hadn`t spoken in her classroom and the school year was winding itself down. Now, five-year-old Sally stood nervously in front of her kindergarten class, with Bella, my trained dog, sitting calmly by her side. Her classmates focused their attention on Sally, waiting for her to speak. It was June -only one week of school left - but they had never heard her voice. Paragraph 1： Not a word came out. Paragraph 2： The next week, she told me she wanted to try again, looking up at me with determination. 【文章大意】 Sally患有焦虑性障碍，但是她似乎与作者训练的小狗Bella一见如故，Bella能帮助 Sally树立信心开口说话吗？ 【写作思路】 1.审题要点：
作者是一名护士,用专门训练过的狗Bella帮助社区的那些孩子获得快乐、慰藉和信心。Sally是个患有焦虑性障碍的孩子,两年以来,她离开家就没有说过话,看医生也没有作用。作者带着Bella去学校看望 Sally,她一下子就喜欢上了Bella。在Bella的帮助之下, Sally慢慢地开始说话了。在学期结束之前的一周，Sally想努力克服障碍，到讲台上发言。
文章需要同学们站在作者的角度，写出Sally在课堂上说话的过程。人称应以第三人称为主，第一人称为辅。时态以一般过去时为主。 2.思路点拨：
文章属于记叙文。同学们在续写故事时要有条理，遵循原文的笔调。根据续写第一段的开头语可知，Sally未能成功地在课堂上当着同学们的面说话，该段需要描写出Sally想要在课堂上当着所有同学的面说话时的表现。再结合第二段的开头语可知，Sally的第二次尝试可能成功了。同学们可以使用分词短语作状语来描写Sally当时的细微动作和心理活动，也可以反复使用简单句，凸显Sally从紧张、犹豫到后来下定决心要突破自我的过程。 【范文赏读】 Paragraph 1：
Not a word came out. Sally had been so excited about putting on a dog show for her class. She had practiced with Bella and me for weeks. Now her eyes found mine. I nodded encouragingly. She took a deep breath and opened her mouth. But her mouth, then her whole body, seemed to defeat herself. Sally stood off to the side, head down. I felt awful. Sally returned to her seat, not looking at anyone, not even Bella. Paragraph 2： The next week, she told me she wanted to try again, looking up at me with determination. We headed to Sally`s classroom. The kids were sitting in a circle on the floor listening to the teacher. They turned when we arrived. We walked to the front of the quiet room. I shook Sally`s hands and stepped back. For a few seconds that seemed like hours, she stood silently, staring at her classmates. Finally she waved her hand and whispered, “This is Sally.”Then, a little louder,“ Sally, your classmate. Looking forward to making friends with you.” 【概要写作】
概要写作这一题型一方面考查通过阅读获取文章主旨大意和关键词的能力，另一方面也考查写作能力即用简洁的语言概括文章重要信息的能力以及对文章整体结构的把握能力。该题型具有以下特点：
（1）客观性：概要写作是一种客观的复述，在正确理解原文的基础上，用自己的语言再现作者的思想，写作内容要全面，既不能漏掉任何要点，也不能随意增加内容。写作时要尽可能避免使用原文中的字句。
（2）简洁性：概要写作是一种对原文“浓缩”后产生的新语篇，通过删除原文中的细节减少例证，简化描述内容以及去除重复来实现语言的简洁性，但是简洁的同时还要做到意义的完整。
（3）连贯性：概要写作并不是写提纲那样只是要点的罗列。写概要时，必须在各要点之间增加一些体现逻辑的关系词，使概要衔接紧密、脉络清晰。写出的概要读起来要完整连贯、独立成篇。
“概要写作”答题步骤如下：
（1）细读原文。首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握文章主旨和结构，明确各段的大意。
（2）弄清要求。新高考的概要写作是写全文概要，不是写某一部分的概要，或者就某些问题写出要点。
（3）列出原文要点。分析原文的内容和结构，将内容分项扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序。在此基础上选出与文章主题密切相关的部分。
（4）在写作时要特别注意下面几点。
·概要应包括原文中的主要事实，略去不必要的细节。
·安排好篇幅的比例，概要应同原文保持协调，即用较多的文字写重要内容，用较少的文字写次要内容。
·注意要点之间的衔接，要用适当的关联词语贯通全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子，但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语，以免显得生硬。
·不排斥用原文的某些词句，但不要照搬原文的句子，如果不能完全用自己的话语表达，至少对原文句子做一些同义词替换，如果结构上也能有一些转换会更好。
·计算词数，看是否符合规定的词数要求。 例题示意（选自《一遍过》高中英语必修2）：
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
When your social calendar fills up with dinners, parties and other gatherings, it can feel like there`s a weight on you. How can you possibly do everything everyone is asking of you and still find time for yourself? Just remember: You don`t need to accept every invitation. This is especially tough during busy times of the year, like the holiday season. It`s more than OK to turn down an invitation. First, why do people have trouble refusing invitations, even when they don`t want to go? According to social psychologist Susan Newman, we often equate(使等同) being polite with saying ”yes” to everything. As a result, we think saying “no” is somehow rude to the asker. But always saying “yes” to things you really don`t want to do can be damaging. Saying “yes” to everyone else and ignoring your own needs is a recipe for feeling unbearable and unhappy. So how can you give a firm but polite “no”? Etiquette (礼仪) expert Diane Gottsman said people tend to overexplain when they refuse an invitation. Instead, keep your response simple and straightforward. When you feel uncomfortable, be ready in advance so you have a plan when an invitation comes through .Simply say, “Thank you so much .I need to check my calendar and get back to you.”Or, you can say,” It sounds like it`s going to be a wonderful party but unfortunately I already have other plans.” And finally, don`t forget that how you spend your time is your choice and nobody else`s. Know that there is more pressure around the holiday season to gather and celebrate, but how you choose to spend your time is totally up to you. Remind yourself you can see friends or families at other times of the year.
【写作思路】 1.跳读文章，找主旨
Paragraph 1: When your social calendar fills up with dinners, parties and other gatherings, it can feel like there`s a weight on you. Paragraph 2: As a result, we think saying “no” is somehow rude to the asker. But always saying “yes” to things you really don`t want to do can be damaging. Paragraph 3: Instead, keep your response simple and straightforward. Paragraph 4: And finally, don`t forget that how you spend your time is your choice and nobody else`s. 2.去枝叶，留主干
Paragraph 1: fills up with dinners, parties and other gatherings, there`s a weight on you. Paragraph 2: think saying “no” is somehow rude to the asker，always saying “yes” to things can be damaging. Paragraph 3: keep your response simple and straightforward. Paragraph 4: how you spend your time is your choice.
3.尊重原文主旨，变化表达方式
Point 1. Many people still say “yes” when receiving an invitation although they are very busy. Point 2. They do this because they think it`s impolite to say “no”. Constantly accepting invitations you really don`t like can be damaging. Point 3. You can refuse others` invitations simply and directly. Point 4. How you spend your time is decided by yourself. 【范文赏读】
Many people still say “yes” when receiving an invitation although they are very busy.(要点1)They do this because they think it`s impolite to say “no”.But constantly accepting invitations you really don`t like can be damaging, such as making you feel stressful and unhappy.( 要点2)So you can refuse others` invitations simply and directly.( 要点3)Because how you spend your time is decided by yourself.( 要点4)
练习不盲目，高中一遍过
高中《一遍过》打造的高中同步训练用书，该书采用“三区八过”训练体系，分层练透教材，分类突破重难，让学习考试一遍过！
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2020新高考英语读后续写或概要写作技巧！
