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英语简单句五种基本句型详解 

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基本句型

英语句子成分的排列顺序与汉语不同。汉语放在前面的,英语可能要放在后面;而汉语放后面的,英语可能放在前面。即使是同样一句话,如果用词不同,句中的次序也会有变化。比如,“我每天骑自行车上学”,可以表达为 I go to school by bike every day. 也可以表达为

I ride to school every day. 如果用图表分析一下,我们会看得更清楚:

我 每天 骑自行车 上学。

I go to school by bike every day.

I ride to school every day.

这三个语句除了行为者\的位置没有变化外,其它都发生了变化,并且由于“上学”表达方式的不同,在句中的位置也发生了变化。

句子成分详解一览表及巧记口诀

句子成分 意义及位置 充当词类 例句 表示句子说的是“什么人”名词、代词、数词、We study in No. 17 middle school. 主语 或“什么事”。通常在句子不定式、动名词、Jim is an American boy. The Subject 前部。 短语或句子。 Two heads are better than one. 谓语 The Predicate 说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。通常在主语后(除疑问、倒装句外)。 由动词或动词词组充当。 Time tries all thing.(时间检验一切) Lucy is dancing under the tree. Her parents are both workers. Love me, love my dog. (爱屋及乌) These girls like English. Did you see him yesterday? His father is a bus driver. My car is white. We were at school yesterday. Health is wealth. (健康就是财富。) 表示动作、行为的对象。宾语 在及物动词或介词后。 The Object 表语 The Predicate 与系动词连用,一起构成谓语部分、说明主语的性质、特征。常在系动词之后。 同主语的充当词类 同主语的充当词类 .\\

定语 The Attribute 状语 The Attribute 用来修饰名词或代词。单个词常在修饰的词前,短语或句子在被修饰的词之后。 修饰动词、形容词、副词,表示动作发生的时间、地点、目的、方式等。位置较灵活。 形、代、数、名、介词短语或相当于形容词的词或短语。 通常由副词、介词短语或相当于副词的词或短语来表示。 The red one is mine. What is his name? A friend in need is a friend indeed. (患难见真情。) Our teacher works very hard. She often helps Mike. They had a meeting in Shanghai. 宾语补足语 宾语的补足语,逻辑上与The Object 宾语是“主谓”关系。在Compleme宾语后。 nt 同位语 The Appostive 重复指代并进一步说明名词及名词性词语。在被修饰词后。

由形容词、名词、We named the baby Lily. 介词短语等充当。 She made the room clean. 名词、名词性短语、从句等。 They all work hard. John, a friend of hers, has gone. 句子成分 学记口诀

主语谓语是基础,宾表定状补辅助。

宾主来自名代数,动词作谓不可无。

一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分: 1. The students got on the school bus.

2. He handed me the newspaper.

3. I shall answer your question after class.

4. His job is to train swimmers.

5. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.

6. His wish is to become a scientist.

7. He wants to finish the work in time.

8. Tom came to ask me for advice(建议).

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9. He found it important to master English.

10. Do you have anything else to say?

11. Would you please tell me your address?

12. He sat there, reading a newspaper.

13. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.

14. He noticed(注意到) a man enter the room.

15. The apples tasted sweet.

简单句的五种基本句型

句型种类 1. S + Vi. 主语+不及物动词 2. S + Vi. + O 主语+及物动词+宾语 3. S + V. + P 主语+系动词+表语 4. S + Vt. + InO + Do 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 5. S + Vi. + O + Oc 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语 主语 Birds He We 谓语部分 谓语动词 fly. plays 表语 宾语 the piano. him a pen (间宾)(直宾) me 宾补 are friends. (系动词) gave I Tom made cry. 基本句型一: S十V主谓结构

这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词:appear, apologize, arrive, come, die,

disappear, fall, happen, rise,

eg: 这只小狗已经死了。_____________________________________

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1. 主语 + 不及物动词( + 状语) 状语 (In 2003,) Last week, 主语 The first book We I 不及物动词 came out didn't go went 状语 in 2003 to the cinema yesterday. to Guilin for my holiday.

2. 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 (+ 状语) 状语 (Yesterday) Every morning

基本句型二: S十V十P主系表结构

常见的系动词有:be(是); get(变得), become(成为), turn(变得), look(看起来), feel(感到), smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来), sound(听起来), seem(似乎)

A. 表示状态的连系动词。这些词有:be, look, seem, appear, smell, taste, sound,

keep, remain, 等等。 1. We should __________ __________ any time. B. 我们在任何时候都应该保持安静。

2. 这种食物尝起来很糟糕。

_________________________________________________.

B. 表示转变或结果的系动词。这些词有:become, get, grow, turn, go, come, prove,等等。如:

3. Spring comes. It is ______________________________.

主语 I My father my mother He 及物动词 bought loves prepares wrote 宾语 a very good book pictures of cars. breakfast a book 状语 yesterday. for me in senior high school. .\\

春天到了,天气变得越来越暖和。

4. Don't have the food. _______________________________.

不要吃那种食物,它已经变质了。

3. 主语 + 系动词 + 表语 (+ 状语) 主语 These books Tom

基本句型三: S十V十O主谓宾结构

我昨天看了一部电影。

________________________________________________. They have ________ ________ _________ of the children. 这些孩子他们照看得很好。

基本句型四: S十V十间接宾语“人”十直接宾语“物”结构 间接宾语前需要加to 的常用动词有: bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay,

read, sell, send, show, teach, tell wish, write等。

间接宾语前需要加for 的常用动词有: buy, choose, make, order, paint,

play(演奏), sing,等。

Yesterday her father ____________ ________ _____ ____________ as a birthday present.

昨天她父亲给她买了一辆自行车作为生日礼物。

这种句型还可转换为: 动词 + 直接宾语 + for/ to sb.

Please show me your picture. ==Please _________ ________ __________ _____ _____.

请把你的画给我看一下。

I _______ _______the salt. = I _______the salt _____ _____. 我把书递给他。

4. 主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 (+ 状语)

系动词 are is 表语 great. very happy 状语 today.

英语简单句五种基本句型详解 

.\\基本句型英语句子成分的排列顺序与汉语不同。汉语放在前面的,英语可能要放在后面;而汉语放后面的,英语可能放在前面。即使是同样一句话,如果用词不同,句中的次序也会有变化。比如,“我每天骑自行车上学”,可以表达为Igotoschoolbybikeeveryday.也可以表达为Iridetosch
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