血胎球蛋白A水平与慢性肾脏病5期未透析患者血
管钙化的相关性
[Abstract] Objective To analyze the relative factors of vascular calcification in patients with non-dialysis stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD-5ND), and explore the predictive value of serum fetuin-A in their vascular calcification. Methods A total of 53 cases of CKD-5ND patients from January 2015 to February 2016 in Nephrology Department of Inner Mongolia Bayannaoer City Hospital were selected in this study (CKD-5ND group), 25 cases of age, gender matched patients were selected as the control group. Color doppler ultrasound was used to detect carotid artery calcification, and aortaventralis calcification was detected by vertebral lateral X ray film. According to the presence of calcification, patients of the CKD-5ND group were divided into non-vascular calcification group (25 cases), vascular calcification group (28 cases). Double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed for detection of fetuin A levels. The clinical parameters and levels of fetuin A were compared; the relationship between fetuin A and vascular calcification and its clinical significance were analyzed. Results Compared with the control group, the level of serum fetuin-A was lower significantly in the CKD-5ND group (P 0.05). Compared with the non-vascular calcification group, the age, glucose (GLU), phosphoru, calcium-phosphorus (Ca×P), alkaline phosphate enzyme (ALP) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in vascular calcification group were significantly higher (P 0.05), and serum fetuin-A was relatively lower, however there was no
statistical significance (P 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that, the levels of serum fetuin-A in vascular calcification group exhibited a negative correlation with serumcreatinine (Scr), and hs-CRP (r = -0.416, -0.528, all P 0.05), and not correlated with serum hemoglobin, calcium, phosphorus, Ca×P, ALP, Alb, parathormone (PTH) and blood lipid was found (P 0.05). Conclusion The level of serum fetuin-A is significantly lower in the CKD-5ND patients than healthy population, but the relationship between serum fetuin-A and vascular calcification is uncertain. Micro-inflammatory state is closely correlated with the level of serum fetuin-A.
[Key words] Fetuin-A; Non-dialysis stages 5 chronic kidney disease; Vascular calcification; Relationship
血管钙化是终末期肾脏病(end-stage renal disease,ESRD)患者的一个常见并发症,是导致心血管疾病发生和猝死的重要原因[1-2]。外周血胎球蛋白A(Fetuin-A)是胎球蛋白属的一种酸性糖蛋白,由肝脏分泌后释放入血,广泛存在于细胞外液,被认为是一种重要的循环钙化抑制剂。随着慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)的进展,Fetuin-A水平逐渐下降,并且与终末期肾脏病患者的心血管并发症及预后密切相关。有研究证明,Fetuin-A能够抑制透析患者血管钙化及瓣膜钙化的发生,但是在未透析人群中的钙化抑制作用仍有不同观点。本次研究对象为CKD 5期未透析(CKD-5ND)患者,拟通过观察患者血清学指标及Fetuin-A水平的变化,探讨Fetuin-A与终末期肾病未透析患者血管钙化的关系及其影响因素。 1 资料与方法 1.1 一般资料
选取2024年1月~2024年2月内蒙古巴彦淖尔市医院(以下简称“我院”)肾内科住院的CKD-5ND患者53例(CKD-5ND组),男30例,女23例;年龄27~70岁,平均(57.7±11.8)岁;原发病为慢
性肾小球肾炎18例,高血压肾小动脉硬化7例,糖尿病肾病8例,先天性多囊肾4例,系统性血管炎3例,狼疮性肾炎2例,镇痛剂肾病2例,梗阻性肾病2例,紫癜性肾炎2例,马兜铃酸肾病1例,其他未明原因者4例。入选终末期肾病患者,按照K/DOQI分期为CKD5期,未行透析治疗。同时选取同期于我院健康体检的年龄、性别相匹配者25例作为健康对照组,其中男14例,女11例,年龄23~70岁,平均(57.1±14.5)岁,病史询问除外慢性基础性疾病,所有入选对象均签署知情同意书。 1.2 观察指标及检测方法
记录所有研究对象的年龄、性别等人口学资料,计算体重指数(body mass index,BMI),记录血压情况[用MAP表示,不同时间测量3次血压,取平均值,用公式计算:平均动脉压(MAP) = 舒张压+1/3脉压差]。所有研究对象空腹6~12 h后次晨采外周静脉血,检测血红蛋白、血脂、超敏C反应蛋白等各项生化指标。另采外周静脉血5 mL,室温放置30 min后,以3000 r/min,离心15 min,取上清液分装于EP管中封存,置于-70℃冰箱保存,用于批量检测Fetuin-A水平。Fetuin-A的检测待全部血样本收集完成后一起解冻,统一采用双抗夹心酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测,操作步骤严格按说明书进行。ELISA试剂盒购于上海朗顿生物科技发展有限公司(批号BPE*****)。
1.3 血管钙化的检测及划分标准
CKD-5ND组患者均固定由彩超室有经验的一位医师负责完成颈部血管彩超。颈部动脉的检测方法:检查双侧颈总动脉、颈总动脉分叉处、颈内外动脉,记录颈动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT),IMT1.0 mm为正常,IMT≥1.0 mm,或分叉处1.0 mm定义为IMT增厚。血管钙化划分标准:突向管腔的局灶性动脉壁增厚必须在纵轴和横轴图像的同一部位见到,其厚度至少超过相邻区域的50%,回声不均匀或明显增厚。IMT增厚及硬斑块形成定义为颈动脉粥样硬化,即有血管钙化。由放射科医师对患者进行脊柱侧位腹部X线检测,以评估腹主动脉钙