初三英语重点难点解析
REPORT”进行练习。
一、提出建议并能作出恰当的回答
在第二册第６单元已经学到过用“shall”，“Let’s”和“why not”来提出建议，并作简略回答。
如：
①-Shall we go at ten?
-Good idea!
②-Let's go at ten?
-OK!
③-Why not go at ten?-All right.
这一单元里，主要学习有关“had better”的用法。“had better＋动词原形”表示“最好做某事”，用 来向别人提出建议，其形式可以缩写为“d better”。如：
①You'd better do your homework now. ②We'd better go to school.
“had better”的否定形式为“had better not…”如：You'd better not watch TVnow.
二、学习过去进行时的各种句式
在前一单元里，已经学习了过去进行时的构成和用法，这一单元着重学习它的否定句式、一般疑问句式及 在从句中的用法。
１．过去进行时的否定式在助动词“be（was或were）”后面加上“not”即可。如：
I was not washing clothes last night.
２．过去进行时的一般疑问句式为：助动词“was或were”在句首。
如：
—Was Tom writing a letter at seven yesterday?
—Yes,he was.(No,he wasn't.)
３．在含“when”和“while”（当……时)引导的时间状语从句的复合句中，常有过去进行时，表示一个 动作在过去某一时刻或一段时间内正在进行或发生。这一过去进行时的动作可以出现在主句，也可以出现在从 句中，但要注意的是，用该时态的动词常常是一个持续性动词。如：
①Someone knocked at the door when I was cook-ing
② While we were talking，my mother came in.
③ The twins were sweeping the floor when their mother returned.
另外，含“when”的复合句中，主句用过去进行时，从句用一般过去时的情况下，常包含有“意外”之概 念，如前例③。
三、重点、难点词组和句子的分析
1. You look tired today. (2.17)（你看上去很累。）
该句中的“look”意为“看起来”，是系动词，而在这种系动词后面常用形容词作表语如look young/hap y/old/…等，另外，“look”也可用作实义动词，并且有许多相关词组，如：look at …（看…）look like… （看起来像……），look the same（看起来很相像），look for…（寻找……），look after…（照料/照看 ……）等等。当然，不能再用形容词来作表语或修饰它，如果要修饰，只能用副词。如：
Please look after your watch carefull.
2． A woman saw it happen when she was walking past．(L17)
表示感觉的动词如“see，hear，watch”等以及一些其它动词如
“make，let”等，后接不定式作其宾语补 足语时，该不定式前不带“to”。如：
①I’m tired．Let me have a short rest．
②Do you often hear Tom sing this song?
③I saw him go out．(我看到他出去了。)
另外,“see，hear，watch”等还可后接现在分词作其宾语补足语。如：
I heard someone laughing. (我听到有人在笑。)
3．The children were leaving school on Tues-day when they saw a truck． (2．18)
该句中有二点需要注意：
①“were leaving”是过去进行时的形式表示过去将来的动作，即“正要离开……”。在英语中，个别动 词如：“leave，go, come，start”等，它们的进行时形式可以表示一个最近按计划或安排要进行的动作。如 ：
Are you going home next week?
②“leave school表示“(学生)离校；毕业”；中间不加冠词。又如；go to school／come to school( 上学)。类似的表达法如： in
hospita1(住院)，leave hospital／come out of hospita1(出院)。注意比较下 句中冠词的区别；
His mother often goes to ____the school to seeher son at ______ school.
4.He did not see the bag until it was too late: (L18)
“not…until…” 是“直到 ……才……”如:
①. She won.'t go away until you promise, to help her.
②. I didn't go home until I finished cleaning the classroom.
5. It's really nice of you. (L18)
该句相当于“It's very kind of you.”（你真好。）
6. He told her about the accident. (L18) “tell sb. about/of sth.”意为：“告诉某有关某事或 跟某人讲述某事”。如： Please tell me about your family.
另外, “tell sb. sth./tell sth. to sb.” “告诉某人某事”， “tell sb. todo sth. ”：“叫某 人做某事”。如：
① I told him my name.
② My grandfarther often told us stories when we were children.
③ She told the happy news to everyone.
④ Tell him to wait for me at the school gate.
7. Please hurry up! (L18)
Miss zhao hurried off to look after the man.(L18) “hurry up”； “赶快”；“hurry off”； “匆匆离去”如：
① Hurry up, or you'll be late for school. ② Tom finished the work and hurried off.
8. Give short answers to these questions.(L20)
一般地，在表示“……的”时，可以用以下四种形式：
① 's: 通常在表有生命的事物后，以“s”结尾的复数名词只加“’”即可。如：
Tom's coat. Teachers' Day, Children's Day等。
另外，一些无生命的如表示“时间、城镇”等的名词后，也可加“s'”。如：
Tomorrow's meeting, the city's streets, etc.
② of:通常是与无生命事物的名词相连。如：
Parts of China, a photo of my family
③ to:一些表达法已成为习惯，有时我们可理解为配套的事物。如：the key to thedoor, answers to t he questions.
④形容词性物主代词置于名词前。如：my book. Unit 6. In the library
一、语法：现在完成时（一）
１、构成：助动词have/has＋动词的过去分词
２、主要用法：（一）动作发生在过去，对现在留有影响，可以与到现在为止的时间状语these days, up
to now, recently, in the last two years连用，也可以与一些表示强调的副词aleady,yet,just, before, ever…eg.连用：I have (already) seen the film.
Have you ever been there (before )?
注意：Ａ、动词过去分词的变化有两种，一种与过去式的规则变化一样（即在动词后加ed）；另一种为不 规则变化，需要熟读熟记。规则变化如下：
１）动词原形加ed，如：work--worked
２）以e结尾加d，如：like--liked
３）以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，变y为i，再加ed，如：worry--worried
４）以重读闭音节结尾，词尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写这个辅音字母再加ed，如：stop--stopped
Ｂ．现在完成时与一般过去时的区别在于：一般过去时只单纯表示过去的动作和状态，与现在无任何联系 ，时间状语常为：yesterday， last week，3days ago, in 1990; 现在完成时则强调动作与现在的联系、影响 和结果。
eg. Have you seen the film? Yes, I have.
When did you see it? I saw it last week.
二、词汇与句型 have got=have
1．I think I've got one. ｛ has got=has
２．Here you are.这是一种倒装语序，常用在口语中。
Can I use yourpen for a while?
eg.｛
Certainly.Here you are.
类似的还有：There goes the bell.
Here comes the bus.
３．Have you seen it anywhere?
初三英语重点难点解析
