Passage 9
Instructive Research about Restaurants
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In the 1760s, Mathurin Roze opened a series of shops that boasted a special meat soup called consommé. Although
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the main attraction was the soup, Roze’s chain shops also set a new standard for dining out, which helped to establish Roze as the inventor of the modern restaurant.
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Today, scholars have generated large amounts of instructive research about
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restaurants. Take visual hints that influence what we eat: diners served themselves about 20 percent more pasta when their plates matched their food.
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When a dark-colored cake was served on a black plate rather than a white one, customers recognized it as sweeter and more tasty.
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Lighting matters, too. When Berlin restaurant customers ate in darkness, they couldn’t tell how much
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they’d had: those given extra-large shares ate more than everyone else, but were none the wiser—they didn’t feel fuller, and they were just as ready for dessert.
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Time is money, but that principle means different things for different types of restaurants. Unlike
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fast-food places, fine dining shops prefer customers to stay longer and spend. One way to encourage customers to stay and order that extra round: put on some Mozart. When classical, rather than pop, music was playing, diners spent more. Fast music hurried diners out. Particular scents also have an effect: diners who got the scent of lavender stayed longer and spent more than those who smelled lemon, or no scent.
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Meanwhile, things that you might expect to discourage spending—“bad” tables, crowding, high prices
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— don’t necessarily. Diners at bad tables — next to the kitchen door, say — spent nearly as much as others but soon fled. It can be concluded that restaurant keepers need not “be overly concerned about ‘bad’ tables,” given that they’re profitable.
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As for crowds, a Hong Kong study found that they increased a
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restaurant’s reputation, suggesting great food at fair prices. And doubling a buffet’s price led customers to say that its pizza was 11 percent tastier.
一．单词和短语Words and expressions
* instructive /?n?str?kt?v/ adj.教育性的；有启发的；有益的
boast /b??st/ vt. 自吹自擂说；以有…而自豪n. 自夸；值得夸耀的事物 dine out 外出就餐
* pasta /?p?st?/ n. 意大利面食
* lavender /?l?v?nd?/ n. 薰衣草；淡紫色
buffet /?b?fe?/ n. 自助餐；（旅馆、车站等处的）餐饮部 flee /fli?/ vi.& vt. 逃走；逃离
二． 参考译文Translation
关于餐馆的启发性研究
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在18世纪60年代，马图林.罗兹开了一系列的连锁店。该连锁店因为一种名叫consommé的特色肉汤
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而享有盛誉。虽然其主要魅力在于这种汤，但罗兹的连锁店还树立了餐馆行业新标准，使得罗兹成为现代餐馆的领军者。
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如今，学者们已经针对餐馆做了大量启发性的研究。以影响我们进食的视觉暗示为例：当盘子与食
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物相配时，就餐者会多吃20%的意大利面食。当一块深色的蛋糕被放在一个黑色的盘子里（而不是白色的盘子里），顾客感觉它更甜更美味。
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光线也很重要。当柏林餐馆的顾客在昏暗的环境中就餐时，他们弄不清自己吃了多少食物：那些被提
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供额外的大份额食物的人吃得比任何其他人都要多，但他们一点儿也不会感觉到这一点——他们没感觉到更饱，还有吃甜点的意愿。
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时间就是金钱，但是这个法则对不同类型的餐馆有着不同的意义。与快餐店不同，精美餐馆经营者更
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希望顾客在餐馆呆更长的时间，慢慢消费。促使顾客久留并点额外的份额的一个方法是：播放一些莫扎特的音乐。当经典音乐（而不是流行乐）萦绕时，用餐者会花更多的钱。快节奏音乐会促使就餐者仓促用餐并离去。某些特别的香味也能对用餐产生影响：闻着薰衣草香的就餐者会比那些闻着柠檬味或者没有闻到任何气味的就餐者逗留更久并花更多的钱。
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同时，你认为可能会阻碍人们花钱的因素——糟糕的餐桌位置、拥挤的人群、高昂的价格——不一定
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会减少人们花钱。在糟糕餐桌边——比如，靠近厨房门的餐桌——就餐者花的钱几乎与其他人一样多，但很快就离开了。由此可以得出结论：考虑到它们一样能助其获利，餐馆的经营者不需要“过于在意‘糟糕’的餐桌位置”。 至于拥挤的人群，香港有一项研究发现，它们提升了餐馆的声誉，表明其物美价廉。另外，把一家自助餐的价格提高一倍后，顾客对该店披萨的味道的喜欢程度会提高11%。
三． 理解Comprehension
1. The underlined phrase “none the wiser” in paragraph 3 most probably implies that the customers were____________ .
A. not aware of eating more than usual B. not willing to share food with others C. not conscious of the food quality D. not fond of the food provided 2. How could a fine dining shop make more profit？
A. Playing classical music. B. Introducing lemon scent.
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C. Making the light brighter. D. Using plates of larger size. 3. What does the last paragraph talk about？ A. Tips to attract more customers. B. Problems restaurants are faced with. C. Ways to improve restaurants’ reputation. D. Common misunderstandings about restaurants.
四．用另一个单词或短语替换以下摘自本文的单词或短语。Replace the following words or phrases in the passage with another word or phrase.
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chain shops generated，instructive served themselves put on Particular，have an effect，
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got discourage fled tastier
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Passage 9 三．AAD
四． multiple shops conducted，informative/ useful ate play Special，make a difference/
count/ matter， smelled deter left more delicious
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2021届高考英语阅读理解长难句精读与概要写作专练passage9
