考研英语已经到了冲刺阶段，通过对易错题的分析，可以更好的达到提高应试能力的目的。北京外国语大学老师为同学们选择了几套历年真题进行易错题分析，希望对同学们有所帮助。
Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didn’t know for sure? That the
人生中最幸福的就是身体健康
evidence was inconclusive, the science uncertain? That the antismoking lobby was out to destroy our way of life and the government should stay out of the way? Lots of Americans bought that nonsense, and over three decades, some 10 million smokers went to early graves. ----------2005年考研英语阅读真题text2 passage1
26.An argument made by supporters of smoking was that ________________________.
[A] there was no scientific evidence of the correlation between smoking and death
[B] the number of early deaths of smokers in the past decades was insignificant
[C] people had the freedom to choose their own way of life [D] antismoking people were usually talking nonsense 正确答案：C
详细解析：首先根据题干 argument made by supporters of smoking ，是要找出支持吸烟者的论据。本段第一句中： scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didn’t know for sure? 科学家认为吸烟会杀死我们，而怀疑者坚持认为我们并不确定。可见这里的doubters 即为supporters of smoking。Doubters 后面接了三个insist 的宾语从句：[1]that we didn’t know for sure? [2]That the evidence was inconclusive, the science uncertain? [3]That the antismoking lobby was out to
destroy our way of life and the government should stay out of the way? 这三条便是26题的直接答案。然后我们需要 一 一匹配，来选出正确答案。
首先看选项A，显然是对That the evidence was inconclusive, the science uncertain? 的改写。首先要明确这句话是否能等同于no scientific evidence。Inconclusive是不确定的，uncertain也是不确定的，这与完全没有科学依据并不等同。所以A选项说的太过绝对。
再看选项B，说过去几十年吸烟早死者数量不重要，这一观点不属于原文三个问号里面的观点。因而是属于臆造的观点，错误。
选项C 人民有自由去选择他们自己的生活方式。乍一看好像和哪个论点都不沾边。但是我们还需认真回归原文，进行匹配。前两个肯定是与该句没什么关系，实际上它是对第三句That the antismoking lobby was out to destroy our way of life and the government should stay out of the way？的改写。The antismoking lobby was out to destroy our way of life意思是反吸烟游行将会破坏我们的生活方式。那么什么是“我们的生活方式”？不要忘了这是美国人写的，他们所标榜的无非就是“自由与民主”，而后面又说，政府应该别插手（stay out of the way），也就是人民自己进行抉择，也就是自由选择自己的生活方式（吸烟或者不吸烟）。因而C选项，人们有自由去选择自己的生活方式，是正确的选项。故C正确。
再看D 反吸烟人士经常讲胡话，不属于三个论点之一，来自Lots of Americans bought that nonsense 许多美国人竟然详细这些胡话。是对原文的曲解，为错误选项。
所以本题的正确选项为C。本题难点在于：其一是要每个选项都要回归原文进行匹配，比较消耗时间；其二是，原文的三个论点是以疑问句的形式展现出来的，因而选项改为陈述句的时候做了非常大的替换工程，不是简单的词语替换，而是上升到了能否实质上理解句子的程度。
考官真的是想要告诉你，万事开头难呢！ 这里读的明白分析的清楚，后面的题也会如鱼得水。考研的日子开头各种困难，但是经过自己耐心处理、攻克和拼命学习，是不是觉得到了现在已经慢慢得心应手了呢？ 不忘初心，方得始终！大家，加油！
Evidence from brain imaging supports this view. The brain is as active during REM (rapid eye movement) sleep -- when most vivid dreams occur -- as it is when fully awake, says Dr, Eric Nofzinger at the University of Pittsburgh. But not all parts of the brain are equally involved; the limbic system (the “emotional brain”) is especially active, while the prefrontal cortex (the center of intellect and reasoning) is relatively quiet. “We wake up from dreams happy or depressed, and those feelings can stay with us all day.” says Stanford sleep researcher Dr. William Dement. The link between dreams and emotions shows up among the patients in Cartwright’s clinic. Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night, progressing toward happier ones before awakening, suggesting that they are working through negative feelings generated during the day. Because our conscious mind is occupied with daily life we don’t always think about the emotional significance of the day’s events -- until, it appears, we begin to dream.
-------------2005年考研英语阅读真题text3 passage2&3
32.By referring to the limbic system, the author intends to show ________________________. [A] its function in our dreams [B] the mechanism of REM sleep
[C] the relation of dreams to emotions [D] its difference from the prefrontal cortex
正确答案：C
详解：
本题是细节题。细节题需要的是回归原文找细节，但是细节必须服从文章主旨。唯有这样的答案才是正确的答案。
根据题干 limbic system，我们找到But not all parts of the brain are equally involved; the limbic system (the “emotional brain”) is especially active, while the prefrontal cortex (the center of intellect and reasoning) is relatively quiet. 但该句话并没有涉及写limbic system的目的问题。那么看看该句前面的内容：讲的是在REM中，大脑非常活跃。
貌似在陈述事实，也没有出现limbic system。说明我们定位的地方就是第一次出现limbic system的地方，那么其作用应该在后面：“We wake up from dreams happy or depressed, and those feelings can stay with us all day.”我们或快乐或沮丧地从睡梦中醒来，这些情绪可以伴随我们一天。从这句话中，我们可以总结出在limbic system 非常活跃的梦中，我们会有或喜或悲的情感。因而作者的目的应该是想要揭示梦与情绪的关系。C为正确选项。此外，有一个小细节我们不能忽视limbic system (the “emotional brain”) ，括号里叫limbic system 是emotional brain，是人的情绪大脑，说明它的另一个称号的作用是与emotional 有关的，因而即便是后面没有分析太懂，这个小括号里面的信息也暗示你了，作者要开始讲梦与情绪之间的关系了。
再者，我们继续浏览下一段。下一段第一句话就开始出现：The link between dreams and emotions ，该段段首显然是总结了二段的内容，起到了一个承上启下的作用。如此，有三处确认，答案C毕对无疑。 我们再来看一下其它选项为什么错：
A 目的是想要展示它在梦中的作用。文中说道它在梦中非常活跃，是emotional brain ，也就是它的作用，是引起在梦中的情绪波动。看似A说的非常对。但是这不是作者强调的重点，文中直接说limbic system （emotional brain），直接告诉你了，作用emotional，可见其目的不是说它的作用，而是以emotional brain 为代表的梦对人产生的影响。而且通篇也没有提到limbic system 的具体的function 方面。此外，这一点太细，与中心主旨无关，也不能选。B想要展示REM睡眠的机理，也是犯了无中心主旨这个错误。D 与prefrontal cortex的区别，也是太细，无关宏观主旨。
总结：遇到这样的细节题，首先根据题干进行第一次定位，找到解题大致区间；然后前瞻后顾，第二次定位，找到预选答案；时刻谨记文章主旨，细节服从主旨，与此相关方为最佳答案。 针对本题还有一个细节需要提醒：“（）”， “— —”，里的内容第一次浏览文章不需要详细看，但是如若出题定位到含有括号，破折号（都是起到解释说明的作用）的句子，那么括号破折号里面的内容一定要认真理解，说不定就暗含着题目的答案。
考研英语常遇题型分析
