课下能力提升(十六)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The war they launched upon our country was an aggressive (侵略的) one. 2．After a hard day's work, I'd like to enjoy a glass of beer (啤酒) to get relaxed. 3．Because of heavy air pollution, one health problem after another arose (产生) in this town. 4．The car in front of me stopped suddenly and I had to brake (刹车) to avoid hitting it. 5．A small plane crashed (坠毁) on the top of a mountain, causing ten deaths. Ⅱ.完成句子
1．如果我们不立即采取措施的话，很有可能发生更多类似的事故。
If we don't take immediate measures, more accidents like this are_likely_to_occur. 2．许多的生词使得这篇文章更加难以理解。
So many new words make_the_article_more_difficult_to_understand. 3．由你来负责这项工程。
It_is_up_to_you_to_take charge of the project. 4．这本书旨在指导你提高你的阅读能力。
The book is_aimed_at_guiding_you in improving your reading ability. 5．你认为心脏病与吸烟有关吗？
Do you think that heart disease is_in_connection_with smoking? Ⅲ.完形填空
Just the other day, a fierce storm hit our community. I looked out the window and witnessed a tree being __1__ by the fierce winds. The branches bent, and swayed (摇摆) back and forth, thanks to their __2__ to avoid breaking. The leaves desperately stuck to the branches because their life __3__ the tree. The powerful trunk that __4__ the tree upright bent slightly backwards from the force in a battle to __5__ its position. After the storm had passed, the tree gracefully returned to its __6__ position standing tall amongst the chaos. It managed to __7__ the storm. It didn't look the same as leaves had shed from its branches and the soil had loosened a bit, but what __8__ is that the tree won the fight for its life.
For a long time I couldn't understand why this tree __9__ my attention the way it did. As time passed, it became __10__ that it wasn't just about the tree but about the roots, which, although unseen, dig deep into the soil providing __11__ and nutrition. The roots allow the tree to be able to take a __12__ because they are there to support them. I couldn't but ask myself how deep the roots are in my life. __13__， the next time you catch your kids __14__， when the job is driving you crazy, when you are underpaid and the __15__ is tight, and when the storms of life are raging, go back to your roots. Life is full of __16__. They will make you sway, make you __17__， make you lose some leaves but the deeper your roots the stronger you stand.
Faced with __18__ you might bend but don't break. No matter how hard the wind blows don't let life __19__ you into an uncomfortable position. Your __20__ lies in your roots. 语篇解读：几天前，作者亲眼目睹了一棵树经历了暴风雨却幸存下来的整个过程。作者借其告诉了我们一些人生的道理。
1．A.crushed C．broken
B．abused D．removed
解析：选B 句意：我朝窗外看去，目睹了一棵树被狂风摧残。abuse意为“摧残，伤害，虐待”；crush意为“压坏，压碎，挤压变形”；break意为“打破，摔碎，折断”；remove意为“移动，搬动；去除”。
2．A.height C．flexibility
B．thickness D．outline
解析：选C 句意：树枝弯了，来回地摇摆着，多亏了它们的柔韧性才没有折断。flexibility意为“柔韧性，灵活性”；height意为“身高，高度”；thickness意为“厚，厚度”；outline
意为“外形，轮廓；概括，纲要”。
3．A.answered for C．catered for
B．depended on D．touched on
解析：选B 句意：树叶不顾一切地固守在树枝上，因为它们的生命依靠这棵树。answer for意为“对……负责；因……而受到惩罚”；depend on意为“依靠，依赖；取决于”；cater for意为“提供饮食及服务；迎合”；touch on意为“提及；涉及”。 4．A.held B．tied C．pulled D．raised
解析：选A 句意：在一场保持自己的位置的战斗中，使这棵树保持直立的强大的树干由于外力稍稍向后弯曲。hold意为“使保持(某一位置)”；tie意为“系，捆，扎”；pull意为“拉，拖，扯”；raise意为“举起，抬高”。 5．A.achieve B．reach C．establish D．maintain
解析：选D 参见上题解析。maintain意为“维持，保持”；achieve 意为“完成，达到，获得”；reach意为“到达，抵达，达到”；establish意为“建立，确立，创建”。 6．A.current B．final C．original D．comfortable
解析：选C 句意：在暴风雨过去之后，这棵树优雅地回到原位，在一片混乱中高高地耸立着。original意为“原来的，最初的”；current意为“目前的，现在的”；final意为“最终的，最后的”；comfortable意为“舒服的，安逸的”。 7．A.explore B．avoid C．chase D．survive
解析：选D 句意：它在这场暴风雨中设法活了下来。survive意为“幸存，存活”；explore意为“探测；探索”；avoid意为“避免，防止”；chase意为“追赶，追逐”。 8．A.counts B．differs C．concerns D．reveals
解析：选A 句意：它看上去不一样了，因为树叶已经从树枝上脱落，而且土壤有点变松，但重要的是这棵树赢得了这场生命之战。count意为“重要；有价值”；differ意为“不同，有区别”；concern意为“涉及；使担忧”；reveal意为“揭示；揭露”。 9．A.fixed B．transferred C．escaped D．caught
解析：选D 句意：我很长时间都无法理解为什么这棵树会吸引我的注意力。catch意为“引起，吸引；接住，抓住”；fix意为“修理，维修”；transfer意为“转移，调动”；escape意为“逃离，逃脱”。 10．A.strange C．possible
B．obvious D．reasonable
解析：选B 句意：随着时间的推移，显而易见，这不仅仅跟这棵树有关，而且还跟树的根有关。obvious意为“明显的，显然的”；strange意为“奇怪的，古怪的”；possible意为“可能的；合理的”；reasonable意为“公平的；合理的”。
11．A.surroundings B．resources C．probability D．stability
解析：选D 句意：尽管，树根不为人所见，但它们深扎于土壤，给树提供养分，使树
站得更稳。stability意为“稳定(性)；稳固”；surroundings意为“(周围的)环境”；resource意为“资源；财力”；probability意为“可能性；概率”。
12．A.beating B．stand C．chance D．turning
解析：选A 句意：树根使树有能力遭受打击，因为它们会在那里支撑住它。take a beating为固定短语，意为“挨打；受到打击”。 13．A.However B．Therefore C．Nevertheless D．Besides
解析：选B 句意：我不得不问我自己在人生中的根扎得有多深。本文为借物喻人。文章借此句过渡，由对树根的描述转为对人的生命之根的描述。空后下文与过渡句前一段的内容构成因果顺承关系。therefore意为“因此，所以”；however意为“然而；但是”；nevertheless意为“然而；但是”；besides意为“而且；此外”。 14．A.misbehaving B．struggling C．withdrawing D．misunderstanding
解析：选A 句意：下一次你当场抓住你的孩子调皮捣蛋。misbehave意为“品行不端；调皮捣蛋”；struggle意为“斗争；奋斗，努力”；withdraw意为“撤退，撤回”；misunderstand意为“误解，误会”。 15．A.security C．money
B．deadline D．community
解析：选C 句意：当你报酬过低，手头的钱紧时。money意为“金钱”；security意为“安全”；deadline意为“截止日期”；community意为“社区”。
16．A.surprises B．choices C．storms D．changes
解析：选C 根据上文的“and when the storms of life are raging”可知，人生充满着暴风雨。 17．A.smile B．bend C．hesitate D．advance 解析：选B 句意：暴风雨会使你摇晃、弯曲、失去一些叶子， 但是你的根扎得越深，你站得越有力。bend意为“弯曲，变弯，弯腰”；smile意为“微笑”；hesitate意为“犹豫，踌躇”；advance意为“前进，进步”。 18．A.opportunities B．challenges C．tasks D．differences
解析：选B 句意：面对挑战，你可以“弯曲”一下但不要被折断。challenge意为“挑战”；opportunity意为“机会”；task意为“任务”；difference意为“差异”。 19．A.trick B．argue C．force D．admit
解析：选C 句意：无论风刮得多么猛烈，不要让生活迫使你进入令人不舒服的境地。force意为“迫使，强迫”；trick意为“欺骗，哄骗”；argue意为“争论，辩论”；admit意为“承认；准许进入”。 20．A.courage C．value
B．ambition D．strength
解析：选D 根据上文的“the stronger you stand”可知，你的力量在于你的根。strength意为“力气，力量”；courage意为“勇气，胆量”；ambition意为“雄心，抱负”；value
意为“价值；重要性”。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
It's surprising to see bicycles back on the streets of many cities again but with a new look thanks to the sharing economy and a boom (兴起) in bike-sharing companies that work through
mobile apps — sort of like car-hailing (叫车) services Uber or Didi, except for bikes.
Cheap, practical and green, sharable bikes have become very popular with students and young professionals in China's leading cities. Why do we have to own a bike when we can use our mobile phone to scan a QR code (扫描二维码) and unlock a nearby, new bike, ride it for however long we want at incredibly low prices (1 yuan or 0.5 yuan for 30 minutes), park and lock it, and then move on, only to pick up another bike elsewhere later in the day?
Bike-sharing companies in China sport a parade of colorful brands of their smart bikes —
orange for Mobike and yellow for Ofo, to name two market leaders among some 30 companies that have jumped into this area. Just as with Uber and Didi, you can bet there will be price wars and battles.
You might say that bike sharing is nothing new or exciting. After all, bike- sharing services
have appeared in New York City and London. But the business model and technology for bike-sharing in China is more advanced than in the West. In China, you can drop your rented bike wherever you want — thanks to GPS technology that locates and tracks the position for each bicycle.
Bike-sharing is regarded as a way to reduce traffic jams, cut air pollution, and improve health.
However, statistics show more than 10,000 sharable bikes have been damaged in various ways — such as bikes being painted or key-like QR codes being damaged. In Beijing and Shanghai, bikes
are being dropped everywhere and starting to crowd city sidewalks. Fortunately, the bike-sharing
companies are considering the problems.
语篇解读：本文是说明文。仿佛一夜之间，国内共享单车突然火爆了起来。这些共享单车给人们带来便利的同时也带来了一些问题。
1．What do we know about bike-sharing in China? A．It is a completely new economy. B．It takes traditional bikes off the streets. C．It works in a similar way to car hailing.
D．It is based on the same technology used in the West.
解析：选C 细节理解题。由第一段“bike-sharing companies that work through mobile apps — sort of like car-hailing services Uber or Didi, except for bikes”可知，共享单车的运作模式和叫车软件类似。
2．What is stressed in Paragraph 2?
A．The convenience of using sharable bikes. B．Reasons why people don't have to own bikes. C．The advanced technology behind bike-sharing.
D．The present situation of the bike-sharing market.
解析：选A 推理判断题。由第二段可知，本段强调了使用共享单车的便利，包括价格低廉、随用随取等。
3. What is most likely to be talked about in the paragraph following the text? A．Bike-sharing around the world.
B．Problems caused by sharable bikes. C．Measures to improve the bike-sharing service.
D．Ways to encourage the proper use and parking of bikes.
解析：选D 推理判断题。由最后一段可知，共享单车面临被蓄意破坏和随意停放带来的问题，共享单车公司也意识到了这些。由此可知，接下来可能会谈到应对这些问题的措施。
4．What would be the best title for the text? A．Mobike vs Ofo: a bike-sharing battle
B．Bike-sharing service is rising in China
C．Bike-sharing faces challenges in China
D．The rise of the sharing economy in China
解析：选B 标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了共享单车在中国的兴起，同时也客观指出了其利弊。
Ⅴ.语法填空
Attending a four-year college is costly. Many people with a college education said they had
to borrow money __1__ (afford) their education. So is a college education worth the price? According to a study that __2__ (carry) out last year, a college education is worth it, at least in the US. The study shows that someone with a 4-year college education earns twice as much, if
not more than, __3__ a high school graduate over a lifetime. However, not all college majors have a guarantee of good wages. For example, a chemical engineer can expect to earn double __4__ earnings of a social worker over a lifetime. __5__ (general), college majors that require skill in mathematics have high lifetime earnings. Graduates __6__ (major) in computer science, engineering, and physics have the highest wages. Majors __7__ are connected with teaching children have the __8__ (low) pay. The study may help students make better decisions about higher education. But experts say that future earnings shouldn't be the only __9__ (consider) thing when choosing a college major. Personal __10__ (enjoy), doing meaningful work, and filling a social need should also enter into a student's decision-making.
语篇解读：上大学要花很多钱，这钱花得值吗？
1．to afford to afford their education是不定式短语作目的状语。
2．was carried 主语that (先行词是a study) 是谓语动词动作carry out的承受者，需用被动语态；由时间状语last year可知用一般过去时。
3．as 该句使用了“as ... as ...”结构。
4．the earnings后有“of a social worker”修饰，表示特指。
5．Generally 空格中所填单词在句中修饰整个句子，需用general的副词形式。 6．majoring major与逻辑主语graduates之间是主动关系，故用现在分词短语作后置定语。
7．that/who 根据句子结构可知，该空是限制性定语从句的关系词，先行词是majors，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故用that或who。
8．lowest 这句话意思是“学儿童教育专业的收入最低”，故填low的最高级。这里的lowest和前句中的highest相对。
9．considered consider与thing之间是被动关系，故用过去分词considered作定语。 10．enjoyment 空格中所填单词前有personal修饰，且在句中作主语，故用enjoy的名词形式。
高二英语课件+讲义+练习(33)
