1. In harmony with the Olympic spirit, the City of Turin on its own initiative has launched the project Youth of 2006, for children who in 2006 will be between 18 and 25 years old. 为了弘扬奥运精神，都灵市率先发起了“青年2006”的活动，对象是到2006 年满18 到25 岁的青少年。
? in harmony with( 与…相一致，与…相符) 在这里转译为“为了弘扬”；on one’s own initiative( 主动地，积极地) 在这里转译为“率先”。Youth of 2006 为the project 的同位语。who in 2006 will be between 18 and 25 years old 为children 的定语从句，in 2006 一般可置于句末。
2. The purpose is to involve right from the present the young people of the city and, through some training, have them participate as“ ambassadors” of Turin: ambassadors of culture, but also ambassadors of peace and brotherhood. 其目的是从现在起就使都灵市的年青人行动起来，并且通过培训使他们成为都灵的“大使”：即文化大使，也作为和平和友谊的大使。 ? 两个动词不定式短语to involve right... 和have them participate... 构成并列语。后者最好带to。involve 的宾语是the young people of the city。but also 通常应与not only 连用，这里前半句省略了not only。ambassadors of peace and brotherhood前最好加as，从而与as “ambassadors” of Turin: ambassadors of culture并列。
1) involve v. 使参与，使卷入｜常用结构有：involve sb. in doing sth. 使某人卷入某事；get involved in doing卷入某事；involve oneself in doing sth. 使自己卷入某事。如：All the citizens of the city, young and old, men and women, were all involved in the war against the invaders. 这个城市的所有居民，不分男女老幼全都参加了反侵略战争。
2) right adv. 立刻，直接，恰恰。如：They will be right back from work. 他们马上就下班回来了。
3) present n. 现在，目前。如：He is at present in Canada. 他目前在加拿大。 相关短语 from the present 从现在开始｜ for the present 目前，暂时｜ at present 目前，现在｜ up to present 至今，直到现在
4) have vt. 让，使，叫，后可接不带to 的不定式作宾语补语。如：Please have them wait for me for a moment.叫他们等我一会儿。 相关短语 a. have sb. do sth., have sb./sth. doing sth. 让某人做某事，让某事发生(所做的事有正在进行含义)。如：He had the car waiting for him. 他叫车等他。b. have sth. done 让某事由别人做，遭遇某种( 不利的) 情况。如：I had my bike repaired. 我把自行车修好了。( 请别人修的) He had his watch stolen. 他的表被偷了。 3. As volunteers of this greatest sporting event, they can also be regarded as belonging to these ambassardors. 作为这项大型运动盛会的志愿者，他们也会被视为这些大使中的一员。 ? 1) sporting adj. ( 有关) 体育运动的，从事体育运动的。如：a sporting meet 体育运动会｜现在更多用sports作定语。如：sports car 赛车; sports meet 运动会; sports shirt 运动衫。 2) event n. 事件，事变，( 比赛) 项目。表示“事件”时，多指重大事件。如：The Chinese Revolution is one of the most important political events in 20th century. 中国革命是二十世纪重大政治事件之一。｜ The next event will be the 200 meters race. 下一个项目是200 米跑。｜ a team event 团体比赛项目｜ a field and track event 田径赛项目
3) be regarded as belonging，被视为，as 为介词，其后接动名词。如：I regard his conduct as being totally unacceptable. 我认为他的行为完全不能接受。
4) belong to 属于。如：Which party do you belong to? 你是哪个党派的?
4. One of the elements that contributes to the success of the Olympic Games is the army of volunteers that, with enthusiasm and dedication, make sure everything runs smoothly and that the athletes and the public feel at ease during their stay. 奥运会成功的一个重要因素就是有一
支充满热忱和奉献精神的志愿者大军，是他们确保每个环节运转正常，是他们确保在奥运会举行期间使运动员和观众过得轻松愉快。
? 本句话虽然长，但它主要是“主＋系＋表”结构：one of the elements is the army of volunteers。that contributes to the success of the Olympic Games 为定语从句，修饰one of the elements，而不是elements，因为如果修饰elements，从句中的谓语应用复数。that ... stay 为定语从句，修饰volunteers。make sure后有两个宾语从句，everything runs smoothly和that the athletes and the public feel at ease during their stay，其中第一个宾语从句前省略了连词that。在接两个宾语从句时，通常第一个宾语从句前的连词that可以省略，而第二个宾语从句前的连词that 一般不可以省略。
1) contribute to 为…做出贡献，导致，促进，促使｜ to 是介词，后跟名词或者动名词形式。有时，在contribute to 之间加上much, little 等表示程度的副词，表示程度的大小。如：The sudden wind contributes much to the huge forest fire in the Northeast of China. 突起的大风使得中国东北的森林大火更加剧烈。
2) make sure 确保，一定要，从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。如：He makes sure that his students understand the text. 他确保学生理解课文。｜如果make 的宾语太长，还可以用make it sure ... 结构，用it 作形式宾语，把实际宾语移至sure的后面。如：The words by his tutor made it sure that he was able to attend the conference. 导师的话使他确信他将能够参加这个会议。 相关短语 a. make certain 确保，一定要。如：Make certain that your facts are right. 事实一定要正确。b. make sure /certain of 弄清楚，使肯定。如：We must make certain of four facts. 我们要弄清四点事实。
3) everything runs smoothly 一切顺利｜ run 的意思和用法非常广泛，相当于“万能动词”。类似的词还有go，come, get, have 等。 如：Everything goes well. 一切正常。
5. No matter how well organized the staff of the Organizing Committee is, it cannot manage an event this size without the help of volunteers. 无论组委会的工作人员安排如何周密，没有志愿人员的帮助，这大型的体育盛事就无法进行。 ? no matter how无论怎样，引导让步状语从句，与however同义。如：No matter how hard he tried, he could not catch up with his classmates. 无论他怎样努力，他总是赶不上他的同学。 (=However hard he tried) 相关短语 a. no matter what = whatever 无论什么 b. no matter which = whichever 无论哪一个c. no matter when = whenever无论何时d. no matter where = wherever 无论何地e. no matter whether/if 无论是否｜ staff n. 工作人员(总称) ｜ staff 作主语时，谓语用单数或复数根据其意义决定。若作为整体，则谓语用单数，若以其每个个体看待，则用复数。如：The staff is meeting in the conference room. 全体工作人员在会议室开会。( 作为整体) ｜ Staff are willing to work late. 职员们愿意晚下班。(每人的程度有所不同)｜ an event this size = an event of this size，省略了of。如： What can we do in a city that size? 在那样规模的城市我们能干什么呢?｜ not ...without，双重否定构成肯定。如：There is no smoke without fire. 有烟必有火。( 无风不起浪。) ｜ We cannot live without air. 没有空气我们就不能生活。
6. Perfectly incarnating the Olympic-spirit, the volunteers offer their services in many different activities: from welcoming people at the airports and railway stations to providing security at the competition venues, from collaborating with the catering service to giving a hand in administrative tasks, from ticket sales to driving the official automobiles. 志愿人员充分体现奥运精神，他们在很多活动中提供服务，包括到机场和火车站迎接客人、在比赛场地提供保安服务、协助餐饮服务、参与行政管理、销售门票、驾驶迎送车辆。
? 本句很长，关键结构是：the volunteers offer their services in many different activities。
perfectly incarnating the Olympic spirit 是伴随状语。三组from ... to短语都是对activities的举例说明，正是这些举例使句子变得很长。｜ perfectly这里意为“充分地”｜形容词perfect 意为“完美的”，所以副词perfectly 的意思也是“完美地”。由于上下文的不同，该词会有很多不同的含义，例如“完全地”、“彻底地”、“充分地”等。如：All the forms necessary for the visa have perfectly been filled. 所有与签证有关的表格都已经全部填完了。
7. Each talent is valued and, precisely for this reason, there are no age limits: in some editions there have been more retirees and housewives than young people. 各种才能都能派上用途。正是这个原因，志愿人员没有年龄限制，在有些方面，退休人员和家庭主妇比年轻人还多。 ? edition 本意为版本，翻版。本句中转译为“方面”。｜ value vt. 重视，珍视，估价｜ I value his proposal. 我很重视他的建议。
8. You do not need to live in the region that is holding the Games. 你不必是居住在比赛当地的居民。
? that is holding the Games 为定语从句，修饰the region。｜ need v. 必须，需要｜ need 可以作实义动词，也可以作情态动词。作实义动词时后接带to的不定式，作情态动词时后接原形动词。如：I need to know what has happened. 我必须知道到底发生了什么事。｜ I need know what has happened. 我必须知道到底发生了什么事。｜ I don’t need to know what has happened. 我不必知道到底发生了什么事。｜ Do I need to know what has happened? 我必须知道到底发生了什么吗?
9. Surely, those who were born and raised nearby and know Turin and its mountains, can be most helpful for accompanying the athletes in their free time and collaborating in cultural initiatives. 当然，那些从小就生长在都灵市附近的人，熟悉都灵市及其周围的山峦，他们能够更好地陪同运动员们度过比赛之余的闲暇时光，并帮他们参与文化活动。
? 本句的关键部分是those can be most helpful。who 引导的定语从句修饰those，该定语从句中有3 个并列的谓语动词：were born, (were) raised, know。
1) raise vt. 养育，抚养，等于bring up。如：The identical twins, who were raised apart, developed some similar habits. 那些同卵双胞胎，尽管分开抚养，仍有一些相似的习惯。 2) be helpful for doing sth. 有助于做某事｜类似的结构还有：be helpful to sb.，be helpful to do sth.，be helpful for sb. to do sth。如：The dark night is helpful for the Red Army to transfer the intelligence to other parts. 黑夜有利于红军把情报送到其它地方去。
10. The Olympics are a transnational event and everyone should have the opportunity to participate in this adventure. 奥运会是跨国盛会，人人都应该有机会参与这一活动。 ? 1) The Olympics n. 奥运会= the Olympic Games ｜作主语时，谓语可以用单数表示整体概念，也可以用复数表示其各项比赛的合成，但用复数更为普遍。本句用复数是考虑到了奥运会的各项赛事，人人都该参与。而下句则从整体考虑，因此谓语用单数。｜ The Olympics was marvelous, and the work I went to do is relevant and valuable to the job I do now. 奥运会很成功，我志愿从事的工作与我现在所做的工作既有关又有益。(Passage A, Unit 6, Book I) 2) transnational adj. 超越国界的，跨国的。如：a transnational corporation 跨国公司｜ trans-: 前缀，表示“横过”、“超越”、“转移”、“在…的另一边”。例如： transdisciplinary adj. 跨学科的; transcend v. 超越; transfer v. 转移，调动; transplant v. 移植。
11. But participating in and experiencing one of the most exciting events in the world first-hand is a big deal. 但是亲自参与并直接体验这一世界上最激动人心的体育盛事却是了不起的事儿。
? 两个动名词短语participating in and experiencing one of the most exciting events in the world first-hand作主语，但他们被看作是一件事，因此谓语用单数。
大学体验英语综合教程课堂辅导Book 1Unit 6-Passage B难点精讲
