2019译林牛津版高考英语一轮训练选：模块6U2含答案
一、阅读理解。 Old Fossils
Scientists have found what they think is probably the oldest fossil on Earth, a remnant of life from 3.7 billion years ago when Earth’s skies were orange and its oceans green.
In a newly melted part of Greenland, Australian scientists found the leftover structure from a community of microbes（微生物）that lived on an ancient seafloor. Based on their analysis of the fossils, the researchers determined that they are 220 million years older than those discovered in Western Australia, which were 3.48 billion years old.
The discovery shows life may have formed quicker and more easily than once thought, about half a billion years after Earth formed. And that may also give hope for life forming elsewhere, such as Mars, said study co-author Martin VanKranendonk of the University of New South Wales and director of the Australian Center for Astrobiology. ＂It gives us an idea how our planet evolved and how life gained a foothold,＂ VanKranendonk said.
Scientists had thought it would take at least half a billion years for life to form after the molten Earth started to cool a bit, but this shows it could have happened quicker, he said. That’s because the newly found fossil is far too complex to have developed soon after the planet’s first life forms, he said.
In an outcrop of rocks that used to be covered with ice and snow which melted after an
exceptionally warm spring, the Australian team found stromatolites（叠层石）, which are layered structures that are often produced by a community of microbes. The stromatolites were about 1 to 4 centimeters high.
＂It is like the house left behind made by the microbes,＂ VanKranendonk said. ＂Scientists used the layers of ash from volcanoes and tiny zircon（锆石） with uranium and estimated that they date back to 3.7 billion years ago.＂
The dating seems about right, said Abigail Allwood, a NASA astrobiologist who found the previous oldest fossil, from 3.48 billion years ago, in Australia. But Allwood said she is not completely convinced
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that what VanKranendonk’s team found once was alive. She said the evidence wasn’t conclusive enough that it was life and not a geologic quirk（地质巧合）. ＂It would be nice to have more evidence, but in these rocks that’s a lot to ask,＂ Allwood said in an email.
1. The underlined words ＂gained a foothold＂ in Paragraph 3 mean______. A.continued C.increased
B.changed D.Started
2. We can learn from Paragraph 4______.
A.the fossil appeared soon after the birth of the earth B.the fossil formed soon after the earth’s first life C.life formed earlier than the newly found fossil D.life appeared about half a billion years ago
3. What is Abigail Allwood’s attitude towards the newly found fossil? A.Neutral.
B.Sceptical. D.Supportive.
C.Objective.
4. According to the passage, ______. A.the previous fossils are a geologic quirk B. the previous fossils are made up of stromatolites C. the newly found fossils come from Western Australia D. the newly found fossils have a history of 3.7 billion years 【语篇解析】文章介绍科学家发现距今37亿年前的化石。
1. D【解析】词义猜测题。根据文章第三段的句子＂It gives us an idea how our planet evolved＂这让我们了解 星球是怎么形成的，下文是生命是怎么开始的。可知，＂gained a foothold＂ 意为＂开始＂。故选D。
3. B【解析】 观点态度题。根据文章最后一段的句子＂She said the evidence wasn’t conclusive enough that it was life and not a geologic quirk(地质巧合).＂可知，Abigail Allwood 对于新发现的化石态度是
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怀疑的。故选B。
4. D【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段的句子＂remnant of life from 3.7 billion years ago＂和第二段的句 子＂the researchers determined that they are 220 million years older than those discovered in Western Australia, which were 3.48 billion years old.＂可知，新发现的化石有37亿年历史。故选D。 二、单项选择。
1.You’d better take a pen when you go to the meeting _______ there is something important to write down.
A. as if B so as to C in order to D. in case 【答案】D。
【解析】BC 选项后接动词原形，故排除。as if 引导方式状语从句，in case 意为“以防”可以用来引导目的状语从句。句意：去开会时你最好带上钢笔，以防有什么重要的东西可以记下来。
2.By the time scientists _______ the fundamental structure of dark matter, I'm sure that man _______ amazing advances in science.
A. figure out, has made B. will figure out, will make C. figure out, will have made D. will figure out, will be making 【答案】C
【解析】句意：到科学家们弄清楚暗物质的基本结构时，我肯定人类将已经在科学上取得了惊人的进步。by 表示“到……为止”引导时间状语从句常与完成时连用，主句的谓语用将来完成时态，时间状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。 23.—Sharon, why is the man so upset now?
—His wallet, mobile phone and ID card _______, the police are investigating and will send him to a social assistance station.
A. was stolen B. stolen C. being stolen D. having stolen
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【答案】B
【解析】非谓语动词独立主格结构。逻辑主语“His wallet, mobile phone and ID card”与动词“steal”存在逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词。句意： “莎伦，那人现在为何那么郁闷？” “他的钱包、手机以及身份证被盗。警方正在调查并会把他送到一家社会救助站去。 ” 4._______ before bed, cellphones can result in a restless night. A. To use B. Using C. Used D. Having used 【答案】C
【解析】句意：睡前使用手机，会导致睡眠质量下降。cellphones 与 use 是动宾关系，即使用手机，应该用过去分词表被动，排除 A、B、D，本句可改写为：If cellphones are used before bed, they can result in a restless night.。
25.The parents do everything we can _______ their daughter with good education, so that she will get a good job in the future.
A. provide B. providing C. provided D. to provide 【答案】D
【解析】句意：那对父母做了他们能做的一切为他们的女儿提供良好的教育，为了她以后能得到一份好工作。原句应为：The parents do everything we can do to provide their daughter with good education.所以选 D。
6.As China’s villages meet modernity, with such conveniences as the flushing toilet, the Internet and personal car
ownership, some traditions are being left by the wayside, only _______ in memory. A. remained B. remaining C. to be remained D. being remained 【答案】B
【解析】句意：随着中国农村步入现代化，冲水马桶、网络和私家车等便利到来，一些传统留在人们的记忆里。现在分词作状语，表示自然而然的结果，remain 一词表示“遗留”时
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为系动词，故没有被动形式。
7.—Will you please tell us how you can seize the robbers?
—I will spend a whole week _______ in your room to wait for their coming. A. locking B. to lock C. locked D. to be locked 【答案】C
【解析】 过去分词短语作状语。 根据句意“把自己关在你的房间里度过一周的时间”， 即 lock myself in yourroom，lock 与主语 I 之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作状语，表示方式。句意： “请问告诉我您怎样才能抓住强盗呢?” “我把自己关在你房间里一个礼拜，等待他们的到来(就抓住他们了)。 ”
8._______ by the sad story of the child, many people offered to lend him a helping hand. A. Being affected B. Having affected C. Affected D. To affect 【答案】C
【解析】许多人因受感动而伸出援助之手，故用 affect 的过去分词作状语，表示被动和完成。句意：许多人因受那个男孩悲惨故事的感动，主动伸出了援助之手。
9._______ the teenage brain, the expert decided to write a book about how to help teenagers fight against attention problems.
A. To explore B. Having explored C. Exploring D. Having been explored 【答案】B
【解析】逗号后面分词的逻辑主语 expert 与 explore 之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，并且 explore 所表示的动作发生在谓语动词 decided 所表示的动作之前，因此用现在分词的完成式作状语。句意：在探究了青少年的大脑之后，这位专家决定要写一本关于如何帮助青少年与注意力方面的问题作斗争的书。
10.The storm _______, they had to live in a cave. A. has destroyed their hut B. to destroy their hut C. having destroyed their hut D. being destroyed
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2019译林牛津版高考英语一轮训练选：模块6U2含答案
