上海交通大学附属中学 2015-2016 学年度第一学期 高一期末试卷
II. Grammar and Vocabulary（20+16+10%） Section B
Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank
A
People do many things to celebrate the coming of a New Year, an important one being making New Year Resolutions.
Did you know that 45% of Americans make resolutions?
But not many of 45 actually manage to keep them. Wondering how many of them actually follow through with it by the end of January each year? Actually, just a meager 8%!
Resolutions 46 be very hard to keep for many reasons. Some people find it hard to stay on track. Others make their goals too broad or challenging. Remember resolutions
47 (mean) to be small goals that will become habits over time that will help your life positively, not big life-changing plans.
According to USA.gov, some of the top resolutions made by folks are:
*Lose weight *Volunteer to help others *Quit smoking *Get a better education * Get a better job *Save money *Get fit *Eat healthy food *Manage stress *Manage debt *Take a trip *Reduce, Reuse and Recycle
Did you notice that resolutions are always 48 making positive changes? We humans recognize that health is the 49 (big) wealth for us all. The resolves to be healthy, eat well and exercise are naturally among the most popular. Yet they are some of the hardest goals to keep.
That’s why you should keep your goals realistic. Cut back on soda 50 50 eliminate it completely. Make notebook entries of what you are aiming for, and track your progress. Write yourself reminders such as : Read for half an hour”, “No more than 125 minutes on social media!”, “don’t eat too much salt, sugar and fat”, as examples. Take small steps to reach your final goal.
Can you challenge yourself to be part of the 45% who make resolutions and grow the number of those who make it stick from 8%? 51 you are not the type who makes New Year resolutions, try to practice one healthy eating habit this year. You will be doing 52 a favor, for it is your body after all.
B
Why Can’t You Tickle Yourself
Have you ever thought about why people are ticklish(怕痒的)?According to scientists, ticklishness is a defense mechanism humans develop against bugs, spiders, and other critters that may be touching our skin. Feeling ticklish is our built-in response to predators or threats, and combines the sensations of touch and pain.
The part of the brain that is associated with tickling is the cerebellum(小脑). It monitors our movements, 53 ignores movements not perceived as a threat. For example, we do not notice our vocal chords( 声带) 54 (move) when we speak, but we may jump if someone touches us on 55 shoulder. This selective perception is probably the reason why we cannot tickle ourselves.
We only feel ticklish if we detect a sense of invasion or attack. If we try to tickle ourselves, our brains anticipate
this “attack” and prevent us from feeling panicked. Strangely enough, even if a person knows that they are about 56 (tickle), the fear of being touched may cause the same “ticklish” reaction. Some people laugh even before being tickled.
A scientific study was recently done in England to determine whether or not people can tickle themselves. Volunteers 57 (attach) to a brain-scanning device and were tickled on their palms with a piece of soft foam(泡沫). The participants’ brain scans were monitored while they were being tickled, and when they tickled themselves. It was found that during self-tickling, the cerebellum alerted another area of the brain about 58 to
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expect, so the ticklish feeling was diminished.
Researchers did find a way, however, for people to tickle themselves. When volunteers activated a robot by remote control to tickle them after a short delay, the volunteers felt 59 someone else were tickling them. It seems that the cerebellum sends a signal to disregard the forthcoming movement, then moves on to other things. Your brain “forgets” that you are tickling yourself---even with a delay as short as 60 fifth of a second. So it is possible to tickle yourself--- but only by remote control. What will science discover next? Section C
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. Comfortable B. operating C. taking D. enthusiasm E. identified
F. Shaped G. means H. digital I. screen J. accesses K. typical
Every morning, 21-year-old A.J. Hunter downloads his schedule onto his always-at-hand
Macintosh laptop. Hunter is a 61 technical college student. He downloads music to his iPod and 62 social networking sites from his cell phone. He uses e-mail and instant messaging anywhere on the wireless campus.
Hunter is a (n) “ 63 native”--- a term that has been used to describe the first generation who grew up in a world filled with computers, cell phones and cable TV.
These young people think, act and react much differently from how their parents and grandparents did, often because their childhoods were in large part 64 by technology, say researchers.
“This is so core to their social experience--- to their identities – to what it 65 to be a young person and a student in the new century,” says educational technology expert Richard Katz.
But just because young people are 66 with technology, that doesn’t mean it’s always beneficial. Some experts worry that technology is 67 over the lives of today’s youth. When his desktop computer crashed during the first week of classes, “I thought I was going to go mad,” says senior Nick Caine. “I was running to the library every two seconds. I didn’t even go home because I knew I wouldn’t have a computer.”
There are other negative sides of too much 68 time. A recent study found that nearly 20 percent of students admit that time spent on the Internet and playing computer games resulted in low grades or dropping a class.
Technology author Michael Bugeja questions the recent extreme 69 toward technology: “Not only are the students addicted --- the institutions of learning are addicted,” he says. “No one is studying its impact, and we are still 70 as if more access to technology is going to improve learning.” III. Reading Comprehension （15+22+8%） Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
When I became an amputee at age 29, I was forced to rethink the idea of physical perfection. My life became different, as I changed from an acceptable attractive woman to an object of pity and 71 . Too busy 72 physical pain and obvious mobility limitation, I was not aware of this change at first. I was determined to 73 , feeling good about the progress I had made, as I moved forward.
74 , as I made my first excursion outside the hospital, society had already assigned me a new status. Happy to be free of my restriction in the hospital, I rolled through the shopping mall---a 75 survivor, feeling like a war hero. Unfortunately, I had a rude 76 as I discovered that others did not view me in the way I had come to view myself.
All eyes were upon me, yet no one dared to make eye contact. Their efforts to 77 my eyes forced me to realize they saw only my missing legs. Mothers 78 held their children closer as I passed. Elderly women patted me on the head saying, “God Bless You!” with 79 in their eyes.
While I sat thinking about what had happened, a small girl came up to me. She stared with unembarrassed 80 at the empty pants. Finding nothing there, she looked up at me with a puzzled look, and she innocently asked, “Lady, where did you legs go?”
I explained that my legs had been sick. Since my legs hadn’t been strong and healthy like hers, the doctors had to 81
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them. Leaning her head upwards, she asked, “Did they go to‘leg Heaven?’”
That incident made me think about how 82 children and adults react to the unknown. To a child, an odd appearance is an interesting curiosity and a 83 learning experience while adults often view the same thing with fear and horror. I began to realize that, I, too had been 84 of the same inappropriate reactions before I knew what life was like for an amputee.
To fulfill the wholeness of my mind and spirit, I now smile warmly, make eye contact, and speak in a confident manner. By using a 85 approach, I attempt to enlighten society about the fact that having a not-so-perfect body doesn’t mean having a poor quality of life.
71. A. comfort B. fear C. Hatred D. sadness 72. A. crying B. figuring out C. holding D. dealing 73. A. endure B. quit C. revenge D. succeed 74. A. Instead B. Moreover C. However D. Therefore 75. A. clam B. poor C. proud D. rare
76. A. awakening B. ending C. happening D. proceeding 77. A. turn B. hold C. catch D. avoid 78. A. softly B. protectively C. reluctantly D. pleasantly 79. A. pity B. anger C. depression D. upset
80. A. curiosity B.determination C. enthusiasm D. satisfaction 81. A. lose B. adjust C. remove D. stretch
82.A. differently B. positively C. strangely D. sympathetically 83. A. painful B. potential C. similar D. common 84. A. conscious B. guilty C. ignorant D. short 85. A. creative B. flexible C. positive D. scientific Section B
（A）
The morning had been a disaster. My tooth was aching, and I’d been in an argument with a friend. Her words still hurt：“The trouble with you is that you won’t put yourself in my place. Can’t you see things from my point of view?”I shook my head stubbornly—and felt the ache in my tooth. I’d thought I could hold out till my dentist came back from holiday, but the pain was really unbearable. I started calling the dentists in the phone book, but no one could see me immediately. Finally, at about lunchtime, I got lucky.
“If you come by right now,” the receptionist said, “the dentist will fit you in.”
I took my purse and keys and rushed to my car. But suddenly I began to doubt about the dentist. What kind of dentist would be so eager to treat someone at such short notice? Why wasn’t he as busy as the others?
In the dentist’s office, I sat down and looked around. I saw nothing but the bare walls and I became even more worried. The assistant noticed my nervousness and placed her warm hand over my ice-cold one.
When I told her my fears, she laughed and said, “Don’t worry. The dentist is very good.” “How long do I have to wait for him?” I asked impatiently.
“Come on, he is coming. Just lie down and relax. And enjoy the artwork,” the assistant said“The artwork?” I was puzzled.
The chair went back, suddenly I smiled. There was a beautiful picture, right where I could enjoy it: on the ceiling. How considerate the dentist was! At that moment, I began to understand what my friend meant by her words.
What a relief!
86.Which of the following best describes the author’s feeling that morning? A. Embarrassed. B. Nervous. C. Dunb. D. Upset. 87.What made the author begin to doubt about the dentist?
A. The dentist’s agreeing to treat her at very short notice. B. The dentist’s being as busy as the other dentists.
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C. The surroundings of the dentist’s office. D. The laughing assistant of the dentist. 88.Why did the author suddenly smile?
A. Because the dentist came at last. B. Because she saw a picture on the ceiling. C. Because she could relax in the chair. D. Because the assistant kept comforting her. 89.What did the author learn from her experience most probably? A. Strike while the iron is hot. B. Have a good word for one’s friend. C. Put oneself in other’s shoes. D. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
( B )
换个题 90-92
( C )
Stonehenge（巨石阵）may have been a prehistoric health center rather than a site for observing stars or a temple in honor of the dead, scientists said yesterday. New evidence unearthed at the World Heritage Site in more than 40 years suggests that the monument was a place where the diseased and injured went in groups, seeking cures.
After a two-week dig, scientists have concluded that Stonehenge was “the ancient healthcare centre of southern England” because of the existence of “bluestones”---the smaller columns of dolerite（辉绿岩）that formed an earlier stone structure.
By dating pieces of remains to around 7330 BC, Tim Darvill, of Bournemouth University, and Goff Wainwright, of the Society of Antiquaries have found that hunter-gatherers were at the site on Salisbury Plain 4,000 years earlier than thought. The first stage of Stonehenge, a round earthwork structure, was built around 3000 BC. Professor Wainwright added: “I did not expect the degree of complexity we discovered. We’re able to say so much more about when Stonehenge was built and why---all of which changes our previous understanding of the monument.”
The research reveals the importance of the henge’s famous bluestones. Hundreds of bluestone chips gathered at the site have led the team to conclude that the bluestones were valued for their curing effects---the key reason that about 80 of them, each weighing up to 4 tons and a half, were dragged more than 150 miles from the Preseli Hills to Wiltshire. After years of research, Professors Darvill and Wainwright have concluded that, for thousands of years, the Preseli mountain range was home to magical health centers and holy wells.
Even today there are those who believe in the curing powers of the springs for coughs and heart disease, and people who use crystals and bluestones for self-curing. Radiocarbon tests have also revealed that the construction of the original bluestone circle took place around 2300
BC, three centuries later than originally thought. Interestingly, on the same day died the “Amesbury Archer”---a sick traveler from the Swiss or German Alps who had an infected knee---whose remains were discovered about five miles from Stonehenge. The professors believe that he was a devoted religious person who was hoping to benefit from the curing powers of the monument.
93.Stonehenge is recently believed to be a place for people . A. to recover from poor health B. to observe star movements C. to hold religious ceremonies D. to gather huge bluestones 94.What can be inferred about Stonehenge from the passage? A. The springs could cure coughs and heart disease best.
B. The new discovery was the same as what had been expected. C. Some huge bluestones were not produced at Stonehenge.
D. The original bluestone circle was thought to be constructed around 2000 BC.
95. The sick traveler in the passage is supposed to be
A. a devoted religious person from Stonehenge B. one of the earliest discoverers of Stonehenge
C. the first explorer to test the magical power of bluestones D. a patient trying to cure his infection at Stonehenge 96.Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?
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A. Stonehenge: A New Place of Interest B. Stonehenge: Still Making News C. Stonehenge: Heaven for Adventurers D. Stonehenge: Still Curing Patients Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.
Being a social butterfly just might change your brain: In people with a large network of friends and excellent social skills, certain brain regions are bigger and better connected than in people with fewer friends, a new study finds.
The research suggests a connection between social interactions and brain structure. “We're interested in how your brain is able to allow you to find the right way in complex social environments, ” MaryAnn Noonan said, a neuroscientist ( 神经学家 ) at Oxford
University. Studies in monkeys have shown that brain areas involved in face processing and in predicting the intentions of others are larger in animals living in large social groups than in ones living in smaller groups.
To investigate these brain differences in humans, Noonan and her colleagues found 18 participants for a structural brain-imaging study. They asked people how many social interactions they had experienced in the past month, in order to determine the size of their social networks. As was the case in monkeys, some brain areas were enlarged and better connected in people with larger social networks. “These different brain regions are all singing different songs,” Noonan said. “Networked areas are all singing the same song, and when they're connected better, they're singing more harmoniously with each other.”
The researchers also tested whether the size of a person's social network was linked with changes in white-matter pathways, the nerve fibers(纤维) that connect different brain regions.
Again, they found that white-matter pathways were better connected in people with bigger social networks. \were more like a Los Angeles freeway than a country road,\
The researchers couldn't say whether social interaction caused these changes in brain structure and connectivity, or whether the brain determined how social someone was. In the case of the monkeys, the researchers asked and wrote down the size of the animals' social network, so they concluded that social-group size was causing the brain differences. It can be inferred that a similar process takes place in human brains, but to prove this, long-term studies are needed, Noonan told Live Science.
(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.) 97.The certain brain regions in people with fewer friends are .
98.According to Noonan, the certain brain areas whose functions are to are larger in more-sociable monkeys. 99. How did Noonan and her colleagues know about the size of participants’ social networks? 100. According to the researcher’s findings, what would make the brains of monkeys different? II. Translation（9+20%） Section I
Directions: Complete the sentences, using the proper phrases you have learnt. 1. He felt relieved (没有了恐吓邮件和巨额债务的干扰).
2. In the near future we will have (追求高品质生活的更有文化 的一代人). 3. My grandpa now can (带着新奇的眼光使用文字处理器).
4. Even children in the mountainous areas can also (有机会接 触到复杂的操作程序). 5. Although Tom cannot speak, he can (他能够用手写方 式记录情感障碍). 6. Harrison racked his brains to (想出一个解决饥饿和贫 困的办法)。 7. It is universally acknowledged that writing (必然需要想 象力，潜力和毅力)。 8. Alice signed up for the competition, (结果被作家委员 会淘汰了). 9. It has been two years since he (给书配了插图并签署 了合同). Section II
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1. 市长提议会后马上采取措施改善公共交通。（propose）
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上海交大附中2015-2016 学年度第一学期 高一期末试卷
