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仁爱英语情态动词讲解与练习 What shall we do this evening? 我们今晚做什么？
I 情态动词的定义 should 情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度。 表义务。意为“应该”（某件事宜于做），用于各种人称。 II 情态动词的特点 You should be polite to your teachers. 你应对老师有礼貌。 1）有一定词义； You shouldn’t waste any time. 你不应该浪费时间。 2）不随主语人称和数的变化而变化； will/would 3）与动词原形一起构成谓语。 1）表意愿，用于各种人称陈述句。 III 情态动词的基本用法 I will look after your sister when you leave. can (could) 我愿在你离开时照顾你的妹妹。 1) 表示能力（会、能），could主要指过去时间。 2）表请求，用于疑问句。 Can you sing this English song? Will you close the window? It’s a bit cold. Mary can tell many stories. 请你把窗户关上好吗？有点冷。 Can you skate? Won’t you drink some more coffee? 再来一点咖啡好吗？ I could swim when I was eight years old. 表委婉地提出请求、建议或看法等，would比will更委婉。 2）表示请求和允许。 Would you like some chocolate? 来些巧克力好吗？ Can you bring some water for me? 你能带给我一些水吗？ Would you mind cleaning the window? --Can I go to play soccer now? 我能去踢足球吗？ 请把窗户擦一下好吗？ -- Yes, you can. / No, you can’t. 是的，你能。/不，你不能。 had better 此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could代替，不是had better表示\最好\。相当于一个助动词，它只有一种过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。 形式，它后面要跟动词原形。结构为：had better do sth. 1. Could you please turn down the music? The library is far from here. You’d better take a bus. 2. Could I have a rest? 如果要表达“最好不…”时，常用had better not do sth. 3）can’t 表示推测的“肯定不，一定不” It’s raining outside. We’d better not go to the museum. The boy can’t be Li Ming. He is taller 含有had better的句子，在改为一般疑问句时，只需要将那个男孩肯定不是李明，他比Jim高多了。 had置于句首即可。 may /might --Had I better leave here at once? 1) 表示请求和允许。 need 否定回答时可用can’t 或mustn’t，表示“不可以，禁止”。 既可做实义动词用，又可做情态动词用。作为情态动词，--May I smoke in this room? 只能用于疑问句和否定句。 need 作实义动词时后面的不定-- No, you mustn’t. 式必须带to。 -- May I say it in Chinese? 1) 实义动词： need （需要, 要求） -- Yes, you can. (No, you can’t / mustn’t.) need + n. / to do sth. 用May I...？(正式和客气)，而Can I...？(口语常见) 在回I need some help. 我需要一些帮助。 答以may引起的问句时，往往不用Yes, …may.或He needs to do more exercise. 他需要做更多的练习。 No, …may not，而改用其他方法， 2) 情态动词： need，只用原形need后加do，否定形式为肯定回答常用:Yes, please. / Certainly. /Sure. / Of course.等 need not。
否定回答常用 Please don’t./ You’d better not. / No, you Need I turn off the TV? mustn’t/can’t.等，以免显得太严峻或不客气。 Yes, you must. / No, you needn't. 2) 表示推测、可能性（不用于疑问句）。 注意：need构成的疑问句，肯定回答用must. He may be at home. 他可能在家。 have to He may be very busy now. have to 意为“不得不”，后跟动词原形，表示由于客观因Her mother may not know the boy 素，自己不想做但又不得不做某事。have to 有时态及人must 称的变化。 1）表示义务。意为“必须”（主观意志）、必要。。 I have to wash my clothes this weekend. We must study hard. 我们必须努力学习。 She has to stay in bed and have a good rest. You mustn’t talk to her like that. 你不能那样对她说话。 They had to walk home because there was something wrong You must come in time. with the car. 在回答引出的问句时， 在进行句型转换时，需要借助于助动词。 肯定回答常用must， have to ? do / has to ? does / had to ? did 而如果是否定的，*不能用mustn’t（禁止，不准），而用(三)辨异 must和 have to needn’t或don’t have to（不必）. must表示主观意志，而have to表示由于客观因素不得不-- Must we hand in our exercise books today? 做某事。must没有过去式, have to 有人称和时态的变化。 -- Yes, you must. I told him that he must give up smoking. 我叫她必须戒烟。 -- No, you don’t have to / you needn’t. We had to get everything ready that night. 我们那晚得把一2) 表示推测、可能性（只用于肯定的陈述句）意为“想必、切准备就绪。 准是、一定”等，只用于肯定句。 强化练习 You’re his friend, so you must know where he lives. ( ) 1 John___ come to see us this evening, but he isn't very Your mother must be waiting for you now. sure yet(还). Shall 表征询意见，用于第一人称疑问句。 A. may B. can C. has to D. must Shall I get you some tea? 我给你点茶好吗？ ( ) 3 -May I take this book out? -No, you___. 精品文档
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A. can't B. may not C. needn't D. aren't A. mustn't B. needn't C. may not D. can't ( ) 4 You___ go and see a doctor at once because you have ( ) 29. – Please don’t make a noise. a cold. A. can B. must C. would – _____ . I’ll be as quiet as a mouse. ( ) 5 -Can you speak Japanese? -No, I____. A. yes, I won’t B. No, I won’t C. No, I will D. Yes, I will A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. may not ( ) 30. \\( ) 6 -He___ be in the classroom, I think. A. Could...couldn't B. Could...can C. May...can't -No, he ___ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ( )32. \ago. A. can; may not B. must; may not A. you need B. you should C. you must D. you can C. may; can't D. may; mustn't ( )33. _______ to have lunch with us today? ( ) 7 -Shall I get one more cake for you, Dad? A. Do you likes B. Would you like -Thanks, but you___, I’m full. C. Will you liked D. Have you liked A. may not B. must not C. can't D. needn't ( )34. Michael ___ be a policeman, for he's much too short. ( ) 8 Even the teachers can't work out this problem, so A. needn't B. can't C. shouldn't D. won't it be very difficult. ( )35. Come on! We ______ hurry because there isn't much A. may B. must C. can D. need time left. ( ) 9 He isn't at school. I think he ___ be ill. A. may B. must C. can D. need A. can B. shall C. must D. has to ( )36. Because there is no light(灯光) in the room, he ( ) 10 ___ I take this one? be in. A. May B. Will C. Are D. Do A. mustn’t B. can’t C. needn’t D. must ( ) 11 The children___ play football on the road. ( )37. – ask for some more people to do the work? A. can't B. can C. mustn't D. must – Yes, I think so. A. Need we B. Do we need to ( ) 12 You ___ be late for school again next time. C. Need we do D. Do we need A. mustn't B. needn't C. don't have to D. don't need to ( )38. – May I smoke here? – No, . ( ) 13 -Must I do my homework at once? -No, you___. A. you mustn’t B. you may not A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't D. may not C. you’d better not D. A and C. ( ) 14 His arm is all right. He___ go and see the doctor. ( )39. It’s very dangerous outside. You go out. A. has not to B. don't have to A. had better B. had better not C. haven't to D. doesn't have to C. hadn’t better D. had better not to ( ) 15 “Must I finish the work today?” “No, you .” ( )40. – Must we finish the work today? A. can’t B. may not C. mustn’t D. needn’t – No, you . You may leave some to tomorrow. ( ) 16. you please tell me the way to the station? A. can’t B. mustn’t C. don’t D. needn’t A. Shall B. Would C. May ( )50. you like to come to my party? ( ) 17. I open the window? It’s hot here. A. Shall B. Would C. Should D. Will A. Must B. Will C. Shall D. Would ( )51. – you play football with us? ( ) 18. – Who’s the man over there? Is it Mr. Li? – Sorry, I . I tidy my room. – No, it be him. Mr. Li is much taller. A. Will; won’t; mustn’t B. Could; couldn’t; couldn’t A. mustn’t B. may not C. can’t D. needn’t C. Can; can’t; have to D. May; mayn’t; must
( ) 19 You___ ask that man over there. Maybe he knows ( )52. When the lights are red, the traffic stop. the way. A. had better not to B. had not better Then you ________ cross. C. had better D. had better not A. must; can B. should; should C. have to; must D. can; can
( ) 20 -Shall we go and visit the museum next Sunday? ( )53. My mother is out. I look after my little A. Here you are B. Sorry, I can't brother. A. have to B. can C. has to D. may not
C. Yes, please D. Let me try ( )54. The radio says it is sunny today. You take a
( ) 21 -Why don't you ask Mike to go with us? -Thanks,__. raincoat with you. A. I will B. I won't C. I can D. I may A. can’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. can ( ) 22 -___ I take the newspaper away? ( )55. – we go out for a walk? -No, you mustn't. You____read it only here. – Good idea. What time shall we meet? A. Must; can B. May; can C. Need; must D. Must; must A. Shall B. Let C. Will D. Must ( ) 23 Excuse me. ___ you please pass me that cup? ( )57. – Must we finish our homework now?–Oh no, A. Do B. Should C. Would D. Must you . A. mustn’t B. can’t C. won’t D. needn’t ( ) 24 ___ you like to have another try? ( )58. you swim in the river? A. Could B. Will C. Would D. Do A. Can B. Must C. May D. needn’t
( ) 25 -Would you like to go boating with us? -Yes, ___. ( )60. – May I throw a Frisbee in the street? – No, A. I'd like B. I want C. I'd like to D. I do you . ( ) 26 You___ worry about your son. He will get well soon. A. may not B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. don’t A. needn't B. can't C. mustn't D. have to ( ) 27. – I ask you a question, please? – Yes, please. A. May B. Must C. Need D. Will ( ) 28. -Must we do our homework first? -No, you___. You may have a rest first. 精品文档
2018 初中英语-情态动词总结及练习题(新版)讲课稿
