(全国统考)2021高考英语一轮复习第1编话题五Book4Unit2Workingtheland课时作业(含解析)

Unit 2 Working the land

课时作业

Ⅰ.完形填空

(2020·河南省南阳一中高三第三次月考)“What's all this tree－planting for？” I was asked when I began writing about __1__ a piece of land I had bought in Somerset. The truth is, I just love trees. And I am not __2__ “As I get older, all I really __3__ is to plant trees，” Prince Charles says in a BBC documentary in which he is __4__ in the wood he planted on the day Prince George was born.

There are __5__ and wonderful trees in our cities and villages. They were planted, or selfsown, years, even centuries ago. We take them for granted, __6__ the creatures living among them, remain in ignorance of the __7__ trees are doing us (cleaning the air, for instance) and cut them down for new __8__. Yet we keep a feeling of __9__ for them. This may account for the __10__ the government faced in 2010 when it sought to sell off publicly owned woods, and for the wide support that the Woodland Trust (a treeprotecting charity) __11__.

Trees need __12__， which is why I, a cityresident, bought my Somerset woodland in 1999. At that time, climate change was already well proved, __13__ my hopes of planting longlived oaks and pines gradually developed into anxiety about their __14__. Tree diseases new to the UK, wind, drought and flood were all __15__ against them.

But I did not __16__ things to move so fast. The woodland is still good, the new trees are growing like mad, but the creatures are __17__. The rabbits have disappeared and the owl has moved. The bees and butterflies are __18__ there but in smaller numbers. How can this happen on land __19__ pesticides (杀虫剂)? Surely, it indicates we need to give nature the chance to restore its own __20__. Meanwhile, I love my wood, and so do many of its visitors. And treeplanting has done wonders for restoring my balance town and country.

篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了树木给人带来的好处以及提出了自然界的平衡需要维系的观点。

1．A.replacing C．recycling

B．restoring D．returning

答案：B replace “替代”；restore “恢复”；recycle “回收利用”；return “归还”。根据文章倒数第三句中的“restore”并结合选项和句意可知，此处指作者修复(restore)那片在萨默塞特购买的土地。故选B。

2．A.rich

B．weak

C．alone D．social

答案：C 根据下文引用了Charles王子的话——“我开始变老，我所想的就是种树”，可见他与作者有相同的观点，因而作者说自己not alone。故选C。

3．A.apply for C．make for

B．wait for D．long for

答案：D apply for “申请”；wait for “等待”；make for “有助于”；long for “渴望”。结合语境及选项意思可知，此处表示唯一渴望的就是种树。故选D。

4．A.filmed C．reflected

B．tracked D．discovered

答案：A film “拍摄”；track “追踪”；reflect “反射”；discover “发现”。根据 documentary(纪录片)可知，此处指BBC纪录片的拍摄。故选A。

5．A.holy C．mature

B．young D．mysterious

答案：C holy “神圣的”；young “年轻的”；mature “成熟的”；mysterious “神秘的”。根据下文提到这些树生长在几年以前甚至几个世纪前，因而推测出这些树是成熟的(mature)。故选C。

6．A.raise C．ignore

B．watch D．abuse

答案：C raise “上升”；watch “看”；ignore “忽略”；abuse “滥用”。分析句子结构，此处动词并列使用，意思相近，再结合句意“我们认为这些树是理所当然的……生活在其中的其他生物，忽视了树给我们带来的净化空气等好处……”可知，这里选择ignore。故选C。

7．A.honor C．credit

B．good D．justice

答案：B honor “荣誉”；good “好处”；credit “信用”；justice “正义”。根据“clean the air” (净化空气)的举例可知，这里是表述树木的好处。故选B。

8．A.use C．life

B．spirit D．hope

答案：A 结合语境可知，人们忽视树木的好处，为了新的用途(use)而砍树。故选A。 9．A.trust C．betrayal

B．sadness D．affection

答案：D trust “信任”；sadness “悲伤”；betrayal “背叛”；affection “喜爱”。根据yet表示转折，上文写我们忽视了树木给我们带来的好处，砍伐它们，然而我们内心对树木还是有喜爱之情的。故选D。

10．A.approval C．option

B．opposition D．dilemma

答案：B approval “支持”；opposition “反对”；option “选择”；dilemma “困境”。上文提到对树木的喜爱，这里应该是反对政府卖树。故选B。

11．A.wins C．requires

B．rejects D．withdraws

答案：A win “赢”；reject “拒绝”；require “要求”；withdraw “撤退”。因为获得了wide support所以Woodland Trust (树木保护组织)赢了。故选A。

12．A.space C．company

B．time D．nutrition

答案：A space “空间”；time “时间”；company “公司”；nutrition “营养”。作者在1999年买下萨默塞特林地是因为树木生长需要空间(space)。故选A。

13．A.since C．yet

B．for D．so

答案：D since “自从”；for “因为”；yet “但是”；so “因此”。句意：气候变化已经得到了很好的证明，所以我种植长寿的橡树和松树的希望逐渐变成了焦虑。前后表示因果关系。故选D。

14．A.benefits C．location

B．chances D．appearance

答案：B benefit “益处”；chance “机会”；location “位置”；appearance “外表”。由于气候的变化以及下一句提到的各种灾害，作者想种一些寿命长的橡树、松树的愿望逐渐变成了对它们是否有生长机会的忧虑。故选B。

15．A.piling up C．keeping up

B．speeding up D．mixing up

答案：A pile up “堆积”；speed up “加速”；keep up “保持”；mix up “混合”。狂风、干旱、洪水共同聚集来阻碍树木生长。故选A。

16．A.wish C．allow

B．intend D．expect

答案：D expect “期待；预料”。根据下文内容可知，林地发展之快是作者意料之外的事。故选D。

17．A.in place C．in decline

B．in order D．in question

答案：C in place “适当的”；in order “整齐”；in decline “下降”；in question “考虑中的”。上文提到树木在疯长，由but转折可知生物的数量应该在减少(in decline)。

故选C。

18．A.even C．ever

B．still D．once

答案：B 根据but转折可知，蜜蜂和蝴蝶只有很少的数量，但仍然有。故选B。 19．A.short of C．free of

B．sick of D．full of

答案：C short of “缺乏”；sick of “厌恶”；free of “摆脱”；full of “充满”。句意：我们如何让这片土地上的生物摆脱杀虫剂呢？故选C。

20．A.glory C．impact

B．function D．balance

答案：D glory “荣誉”；function “功能”；impact “影响”；balance “平衡”。根据最后一句提到restoring my balance可知，我们要给自然机会去维持自身的平衡。故选D。

Ⅱ.阅读理解

(2020·贵阳市普通高中高三年级摸底考试) Alabama: Priester's Pecans

Dessert in the South basically starts and ends with a gooey pecan pie, especially in Alabama, where the pecan is the official state nut. While there are plenty of farms that pick and package pecans, perhaps the most famous is Priester's, a family－run business that has been supplying Alabama with its favorite nuts for over seven decades.

Alaska: Salmon Jerky

Forget beef jerky (肉干)—in Alaska, it's all about the salmon jerky. Home to five different species of the flavorful fish (king, red, pink, silver, and chum), the northernmost state produces nearly one－third of the wild salmon consumed around

the world. Bonus: Salmon is one of the seven healthiest fish you can eat.

Arizona: Saguaro Cactuses

As the largest cactus (仙人掌) in the United States, the saguaro cactus is found only in Arizona's Sonoran Desert. Living to be up to 200 years old, the cactuses, whose flower is also the state's flower, are generally around 30 feet tall and can grow unlimited arms. Want to see for yourself? Visit one of these 10 outstanding deserts in America.

California: The Wine Guide

It isn't called the “Wine Country” for no reason. Northern California, specifically Napa Valley and Sonoma Valley, produces over 60,000 registered wine labels, making vino the state's most valuable agricultural product. If you're looking for the most popular varietals (品种葡萄酒), the top two frequently planted grapes are Chardonnay and Cabernet Sauvignon.

篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了美国四个州的特产，包括阿拉巴马州的Priester农场的山核桃，阿拉斯加州的鲑鱼干和亚利桑那州的巨柱仙人掌以及加利福尼亚州的葡萄酒。

1．How long has the Priester's farm lasted? A．Over 7 years. C．Over 70 years.

B．Over 30 years. D．Over 200 years.

答案：C 细节理解题。根据第一段尾句中的“Priester's, a family－run business ... for over seven decades”可知，Priester农场有70多年的历史，故C项正确。

2．Which state is famous for salmon? A．Alaska. C．Alabama.

B．Arizona. D．California.

答案：A 细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词“salmon”定位至Alaska: Salmon Jerky部分，根据该部分前两句可知，阿拉斯加州以鲑鱼而闻名，故A项正确。

3．Where does the text probably come from? A．A library guide. C．A project handbook.

B．A news report. D．A travel guide.

答案：D 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了美国四个州的特产。据此可推知，本文最可能摘自旅游手册，故D项正确。

(2020·辽宁省五校协作体高三上学期联合模拟考试)In a long－sleeved shirt and jeans, Dieudonne Twahirwa looks nothing like the traditional African farmer. The 30－year－old owner of Gashora Farm knows what a difference that makes.

“You need more role models，” he said, standing among knee－high rows of chilli (辣椒) plants. “If you have young farmers, they have land and they drive to the farm, others may think, ‘Why can't I do that？’”

Mr Twahirwa, a university graduate, bought a friend's tomato farm six years ago for $150. He made $1,500 back in two months. “You have to link farming with entrepreneurship and real numbers，” he said.

Many young Africans are abandoning areas in the countryside, choosing not to work hard and for a long time in the fields—a job made tougher by climate change.

But Twahirwa is one of the growing band of successful farmers working to make agriculture's image on the continent more attractive. Some 1,000 farmers now produce chillies for him. He is starting a fourth farm of his own, and exports fresh and dried chillies and oil to Britain, the United States, India, and Kenya.

Africa has the world's youngest population and 65 percent of its uncultivated arable land (耕地后备资源). Yet accessing land and loans is difficult, and African productivity is low with crop yields just 56 percent of the international average.

“Agriculture is mainly associated with suffering and no young person wants to suffer，” said Tamara Kaunda. She believes African agriculture needs a change to get rid of its old－fashioned image of very hard and tiring work with a hoe. “Show young people tractors, green fields, nice irrigation systems and smartphones，” she said.

Getting young people involved in agriculture does not mean they have to work on a farm. For example, in coffee production, the beans go from the farm to the washing station, then to be separated from the husks (外壳)．

篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。非洲有世界上最年轻的人群与大量的耕地后备资源，但是由于气候与农业技术的落后，很多年轻人都不愿意从事农业。Dieudonne Twahirwa则为非洲青年树立了榜样。

4．What does “Why can't I do that？” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Why can't I drive to the farm? B．Why can't they farm?

C．They follow the example of those farmers. D．They bought a friend's tomato farm.

答案：C 句意理解题。根据第二段中的“If you have young farmers, they have land and they drive to the farm, others may think, ‘Why can't I do that？’”可知，此处表示如果你有年轻的农民，他们有土地，而且开车去农场，其他人可能会想，为什么“我”不能那样做？该句意在表明其他人认为他们可以效仿这些农民的做法。故选C。

5．What makes it harder for farmers to work? A．Poor land. C．Low income.

B．Climate.

D．Long working hours.

答案：B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“a job made tougher by climate change”可知，在非洲，让农民的劳动难度更大的原因在于气候变化。故选B。

6．What can we learn about Twahirwa according to Paragraph 5? A．He made a fortune by growing chillies. B．His chillies are superb in the world. C．Farmers working for him live a simple life. D．The locals aren't willing to buy his chillies.

答案：A 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Some 1,000 farmers now produce chillies for him. He is starting a fourth farm of his own”可推知，Twahirwa通过种植红辣椒赚了很多钱。故选A。

7．When it comes to agriculture in Africa, what do people think about it? A．Loans are difficult. B．Most land is uncultivated. C．Crop yields are rather low. D．Farming methods are out of date.

答案：D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“African agriculture needs a change to

get rid of its old－fashioned image of very hard and tiring work with a hoe”可知，非洲农业需要改变，以摆脱其传统的形象：使用锄头的非常辛苦和累人的工作。由此可推知，当谈及非洲的农业时，人们想到的是落后的耕作方法。故选D。

Ⅲ.短文改错

Last summer, I got a parttime job as a waiter. I worked hard and very helpful. Everyone in a restaurant including some regular customer liked me. One day, a foreign couple in their fifties entered into the restaurant. I was happy to have a chance to practice their spoken English. I went up to greet them warm. After I took their order, I told them their food will be served quickly because we Chinese respect the elderly. After heard my words, a look of displeasure appeared on the wife's face. Seeing my confusing look, her husband explained to me the Westerners disliked the description “old”. I apologized to them but realized the importance of knowing cultural differences.

答案：

Last summer, I got a parttime job as a waiter. I worked hard and ∧ very helpful.

①was

Everyone in a restaurant including some regular customer liked me. One day, a

②the

③customers

foreign couple in their fifties entered into＼ the restaurant. I was happy to have a

④

chance to practice their spoken English. I went up to greet them warm. After I took

⑤my

⑥warmly

their order, I told them their food will be served quickly because we Chinese respect

⑦would

the elderly. After heard my words, a look of displeasure appeared on the wife's face.

⑧hearing

Seeing my confusing look, her husband explained to me the Westerners disliked the

⑨confused

description “old”. I apologized to them but realized the importance of knowing

⑩and

cultural differences.

1．very前加was 考查谓语动词。helpful “有帮助的”，and连接两个并列的谓语，根据and前的worked可知，应在very前加was。

2．a→the 考查冠词。前面提到自己做服务员， 所以restaurant特指自己工作的那家餐馆，其前应用定冠词the。故将a改为the。

3．customer→customers 考查名词。customer “顾客”，为可数名词，其前有some修

饰，因此应用复数形式。故将customer改为customers。

4．去掉into 考查动词的用法。enter意为“进入”时为及物动词，不与into连用。故将into去掉。

5．their→my 考查代词。主语是I，此处指“我很高兴有机会练习一下我的英语口语”。故将their改为my。

6．warm→warmly 考查副词。修饰动词greet应用副词。故将warm改为warmly。 7．will→would 考查情态动词。根据主句谓语动词told可知，从句应用一般过去时。故将will改为would。

8．heard→hearing 考查非谓语动词。after为介词，其后应接名词、代词、动名词作宾语。故将heard改为hearing。

9．confusing→confused 考查形容词。此处描述作者脸上“困惑的表情”，应用confused，意为“感到困惑的”。故将confusing改为confused。

10．but→and 考查连词。realized和前面的apologized是并列谓语，在逻辑上是顺承关系，应用连词and连接。故将but改为and。