好文档 - 专业文书写作范文服务资料分享网站

人教版高中英语[知识点整理及重点题型梳理]-高考总复习:动词和动词短语

天下 分享 时间: 加入收藏 我要投稿 点赞

精品文档 用心整理

高考总复习:动词和动词短语

真题再现:

1. (2015 安徽高考)If you come to visit China, you will ______ a culture of amazing depth and variety.

A. develop B. create C. substitute D. experience 2. (2015 天津高考)Tom had to ______ the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.

A. turn in B. turn down C. turn over D. turn to

3. (2015 浙江高考)Body language can ______a lot about your mood, so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive.

A. take away B. throw away C. put away D. give away

4.(2015 浙江高考)We tend to have a better memory for things that excite our senses or ______our emotions than for straight facts.

A. block off. B. appeal to C. subscribe to D. come across

5.(2015 江苏高考)The university started some new language programs to ________ the country’s Silk Road Economic Belt.

A. apply to B. cater for C. appeal to D. hunt for 6.(2015 江苏高考)The whole team ________ Cristiano Donald, and he seldom lets them down. A. wait on B. focus on C. count on D. call on

7. (2015 湖北高考)Don’t worry. I’m sure your missing glasses will ______ sooner or later. A. stand out B. break up C. get out D. turn up

8. (2015 福建高考)It is said that body language_____________ 55 per cent of a first impression while what you say just 7 per cent.

A. lies in B. accounts for C. consists of D. goes with 9. (2015 湖北高考)The team are working hard to ______ the problem so that they can find the best solution.

A. face B. prevent C. raise D. analyze

10. (2015 陕西高考)Peter will ______his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month.

A. take up B. put up C. add up D. break up

11. (2015 浙江高考) If steel is heavier than water, why are ships able to ______ on the sea? A. float B. drown C. shrink D. split 12. (2015 天津高考)If you have any doubts about your health, you’d better______ your doctor at once.

A. convince B. consult C. avoid D. affect

13. (2015 江苏高考)Schools should be lively places where individuals are encouraged to ________ to their greatest potential.

A. accelerate B. improve C. perform D. develop

14. (2015 湖北高考)In order not to be heard, she pointed her finger upwards to ____ that someone was moving about upstairs.

A. whisper B. signal C. declare D. complain

15. (2015 湖北高考)There is no doubt that this candidate’s advantage _____ his ability to communicate with foreigners in English.

资料来源于网络 仅供免费交流使用

精品文档 用心整理

A. leaves out B. goes against C. lies in D. makes up

16. (2015 天津高考)See, your computer has broken down again! It doesn’t ______ sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.

A. have B. make C. display D. bring

17. (2015 浙江高考)Studies have shown that the right and left ear ______ sound differently. A. produce B. pronounce C. process D. download 解析:

1. D。本题考查的是动词的用法,A项为发展,B项为创造,C项为代替,D项为经历。根据语意选D。

2. B。本句考查的是动词词组的用法。句意:上个周汤姆不得不拒绝宴会的邀请,因为他太忙了。turn in 上交;turn down拒绝;turn over 移交;turn to求助。故选B。

3. D。句意:肢体语言可以透露很多的心情,所以把你的手折起来站着,表示你是有防范的。A意为“拿走”;B意为“扔掉”;C意为“放好”;D意为“泄露”。该题考查的是动词短语搭配。

4. B。句意:我们趋向于对于有一些记忆会比较清楚,这些东西是让我们激动或者是吸引我们的。block off意为“封锁”,appeal to意为“吸引”,subscribe to意为“订阅”,come across意为“遇到”。

5. B。本题考查动词词组的用法,句意为大学里开设了新的语言项目为的是迎合国家经济发展。

6. C。本题考查动词词组的用法,A项为等待,B选项为集中C选项依赖D选项号召,根据语意选C。

7. D。考查动词短语辨析。句意:别担心。我相信你丢失的眼镜迟早会出现的。stand out突出;break up 结束,解散,分手;get out 出去,出版,被泄露;turn up 出现,露面。故选D。

8. B。lies in在于;accounts for说明、引起,(比例)占;consists of包括;goes with相伴。该句意思为:据说身体语言占了第一印象的百分之五十五,而你所说的话只占百分之七。故选B。

9. D。考查动词词义辨析。句意:整个团队努力分析这个问题,以找到最好解决方法。找到解决方法只有先认真分析问题,所以选D。face the problem 面对问题;prevent 阻止;raise 提高,养育。

10. A。句意:Peter在这个月底将从事旅行社负责人的职位。take up拿起,开始从事;put up竖立;搭建;add up加起来;break up结束;分解。所以选A。

11.A。句意:既然铁重于水,为什么船可以浮在水面上。float意为“漂浮”。drown意为“淹死”,shrink意为“收缩”,split意为“洒出”。 12. B。句意:如果你对你的健康有任何疑问,你最好立刻向你的医生咨询。A. convince 使……信服;B. consult咨询;C. avoid 避免;D. affect影响。故选B。 13. D。A选项“加速”,B选项“提高”,C选项“表现”,D选项“发展”。句意为:学校是一个活泼的地方,在这里每个人都被鼓励去发挥潜力。根据语意选D。

14. B。句意:为了能够不被听到,她手指向上指,示意有人正在楼上走动。 whisper 低声说,私语;signal 发信号,(用手势)示意;declare (正式)宣称;complain 抱怨。故选B。 15. C。句意:毫无疑问,这位候选人的优势在于他能够用英语和外国人交流。leave out 遗漏,省略;go against 违背,与……作对;lies in 在于;makes up 编造,组成,化妆,弥补。

资料来源于网络 仅供免费交流使用

精品文档 用心整理

故选C。

16. B。句意:看,你的电脑又坏了!只为省几美元买最便宜牌子的电脑是没有意义的。固定搭配:make sense有意义。故选B。

语法讲解:

高考对动词和动词短语的考查主要从词义入手,考查动词和动词短语的词义、动词与介词或者副词构成的固定搭配。题干简洁,意义清晰,提供了足够的信息和语境。要求同学们掌握动词的意义和用法,并能在真实的语境中对同义词和近义词进行辨析;掌握动词短语和短语动词的意义和用法,能对常用动词与介词或副词构成的短语进行辨析。

动词概述 动词是表示动作或状态的词,在句中常起着连接主语和句子其他部分的作用。区别一个句子是否完整的方法之一就是辨别是否有能做谓语的动词。有些句子有一个或多个动词,但是一个完整的句子一般至少需要一个动词。动词是英语最复杂的一种词类。根据其在句中的功能,动词可分为四类,分别是:实义动词、系动词、助动词、情态动词 注意:有些动词是兼类词。

We are having a meeting. (having是实义动词) He has gone to New York. (has是助动词) They work hard every day. (work是实义动词) They look happy. (look为系动词)

They can go home now. (can为情态动词)

及物动词和不及物动词 根据其后是否可以带宾语,动词可分为两类,分别是:及物动词、不及物动词,缩写形式分别为vt.和vi. 同一动词有时可用作及物动词,有时可用作不及物动词。只有及物动词才有被动语态,因为只有及物动词才有动作的承受者。 She can dance and sing. (sing在此用作不及物动词。) She can sing many English songs.(sing用作及物动词。) You should improve your English. (improve为及物动词。) Can you lend me two yuan? (lend用作及物动词,带双宾语。)

限定动词和非限定动词 根据是否受主语的人称和数的限制,可分为限定动词和非限定动词。先动动词在句中做谓语,可与情态动词或助动词连用,与主语在人称和数上保持一致。

She sings very well. (sing受主语she的限制,故用第三人称单数形式sings。) I can manage it myself.

They sat together around the table. Someone wants to see you. 非限定动词有三种:不定式(包括带to的不定式和不带to的不定式)、动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式。他们在句中不起谓语的作用,可以充当句中的主语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、补语等。他们不受主语的人称和数的限制。

She wants to learn English well. (to learn不受主语she的限制,没有词形变化,是非限定动词。)

Doing this can save a lot of time and money. (-ing形式作句子的主语)

资料来源于网络 仅供免费交流使用

精品文档 用心整理

Looking at those beautiful mountains and rivers, I felt relaxed. (looking at...作句子的状语) He stopped to have a rest. (不定式作目的状语) I must get my bike repaired. (-ed形式作句子的补语)

单字词、动词短语、短语动词 根据动词的组成形式,可分为三类,分别是:单字词、动词短语和短语动词。 短语动词多由动词加副词构成,动词短语多由动词加介词构成,相当于一个实义动词,而不是各个词义的简单相加。他们之间的区别是: 动词短语相当于一个及物动词,必须接宾语意义才完整,如pay attention to;短语动词并非都接宾语,如adapt to接宾语;go out不接宾语。动词短语接宾语时,无论宾语为代词还是名词,一律放在介词后 (look after it);及物的短语动词接代词做宾语时,代词宾语必须放在动词和副词之间(turn it down),接名词作宾语则无此限制。有些动词短语可以在动词和介词之间加入副词(look carefully at the person);短语动词则不行(break down)。 Students should learn to look up new words in dictionaries. (look up是短语动词) The young ought to take care of the old. (take care of是动词短语)

动词五种形态 动词有五种形态分别是:原形、第三人称单数形式、过去式、过去分词、现在分词。同学们必须熟记动词各种形式的变化规则,对于常见的不规则动词的第三人称单数形式、现在分词、过去式、过去分词形式要记熟。 We go to school every day. (go为动词原形)

He goes to school every day. (goes为动词第三人称单数形式) He went to school yesterday. (went为动词过去式) The book is interesting. (interesting为现在分词) I’m interested in the book. (interested为过去分词)

【动词】 系动词

系动词也称连系动词(Link Verb),作为系动词,它本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,后边必须跟表语(也称补足语),构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。有些系动词又是实义动词,该动词表达实义时,有词义,可单独作谓语,例如: He fell ill yesterday.(fell是系动词,后跟补足语/表语,说明主语情况。) He fell off the ladder.(fell是实义动词,单独作谓语) 系动词分为六类:

状态系动词:用来表示主语状态,只有be一词,例如:He is a teacher. (is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。) 持续系动词:

用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如: He always kept silent at meetings. This matter remains a mystery.

表像系动词:用来表示“看起来像”这一概念,主要有seem, appear, look, 例如: He looks tired.

He seems (to be) very sad. 感官系动词:

资料来源于网络 仅供免费交流使用

精品文档 用心整理

感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste This kind of cloth feels very soft. This flower smells very sweet. 变化系动词:

这些系动词表示主语变成什么样,变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run

He became mad after that. She grew rich within a short time. 终止系动词:

表示主语已终止动作,主要有prove, turn out, 表达\证实\,\变成\之意,例如 The rumor proved false. The search proved difficult.

His plan turned out a success. ■

实义动词

实义动词意义完全,可以独立用作谓语,是动词词组的中心词。 I came across him in the street yesterday. When do will you attend your next exam?

助动词 助动词本身无词汇意义,不能单独用作谓语,协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组。助动词可大致分为三类:基本助动词do,be,have;情态助动词can,could,may,might,will,would,shall,should,ought to,need,dare等;半助动词be going to,be able to,have to,used to,happen to,seem to等。最常用的助动词有:be, have, do, shall, will, should, would 例如:

He doesn’t like English. (doesn’t是助动词,无词义,帮助构成否定句型;like是主要动词,有词义)

Your letter has been received. (has为助动词,帮助构成现在完成时)

It will be my birthday next Monday. (will为助动词,帮助构成一般将来时)

助动词功能: 表示时态: He is singing. He has got married. 表示语态:

He was sent to England. 构成疑问句:

Do you like college life?

Did you study English before you came here? 与否定副词not合用: I don’t like him. 加强语气:

Do come to the party tomorrow evening. He did know that.

资料来源于网络 仅供免费交流使用

人教版高中英语[知识点整理及重点题型梳理]-高考总复习:动词和动词短语

精品文档用心整理高考总复习:动词和动词短语真题再现:1.(2015安徽高考)IfyoucometovisitChina,youwill______acultureofamazingdepthandvariety.A.developB.crea
推荐度:
点击下载文档文档为doc格式
2ik2u74fvj507xn0uyq64mg6283nbb00pvs
领取福利

微信扫码领取福利

微信扫码分享