Unit 7 Grammar
Contents:
Step1 Greeting
Step2 Leading-- in.
Ask the students to write down some sentences that Gerunds and Infinitives are used in.
Step3 analyze Gerunds and Infinitives
动名词和不定式
一、动词不定式（两个动词之间用“to”连接） 构成： 肯定式 to ＋ 动词原形 否定式 not to do 用法：
1．做主语
To learn a foreign language is not easy . = It’s not easy to learn a foreign language . 2．做宾语
They all wanted to see you yesterday. 3．做宾语补足语
He wants you to call him back. 4．做定语
I want to go to the shop to buy something . 5．做状语
They ran over to welcome us. 6. 做表语
My job is to teach him English. A 动词后面＋to ，常用的词有：
想／乐意 want / would like to do
叫（告诉）某人 ask / tell (told ) sb (not ) to do
开始 begin( began ) / start to do 决定 decide to do 设法 try to do
记得（忘记） remember / forget (forgot ) to do 希望 wish/hope to do 计划 plan to do 拒绝 refuse to do Eg. I would like to help you .
He asked us not to talk in class.
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I hope to see you again .
Don’t forget to bring your book here. B 特殊疑问词+ to do ( why 除外) eg. I don’t know where to go
Can you tell me how to do it = what to do
We don’t know which book to choose . Ex: 1 Do you know ___________.
A. what will we do B. what to do C. how to do 2 I am not sure ________.
A. when leave B. when to leave C. when leaving 3He can’t decide _______.
A. which one to buy B. which to buy one C. which buy one 4 ______ skating ?
A. Why not go B. Why don’t go C. Why not to go
二 动名词（动词的 ing 形式，常用在动词或介词后面，做宾语） 肯定结构 do+ing 否定结构 not + doing 常用词有：
1. enjoy / like/love + doing sth (喜欢) 2. feel like + doing sth (想要)
3. keep + doing sth （保持） 4. hate + doing sth （讨厌）
5. mind + doing sth （介意） 6. consider + doing sth（考虑） 7, suggest + doing sth (建议)
8. spend time + doing sth（花时间） 9. finish + doing sth （完成）
10. practise + doing sth（练习） 11. can’t help + doing sth（禁不住）
12. be busy + doing sth （忙于） 13. be worth + doing sth （值得）
14. have fun + doing sth （玩得开心） 15. have problem + doing sth（有困难） 注意：所有的介词
（in , at , for , of , from , up , about , to ,without）后+ doing
下列几个词组的“to”为介词
1. be used to doing 习惯于做某事 2. prefer doing to doing 宁愿…而不愿 3. look forward to doing 盼望着做某事 4. pay attention to doing 注意做某事
5. make a contribution to doing 为…做贡献 三. 动词+动词原形
有些动词后面只能跟动词原形。常用词有：
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1. had better (not ) do sth 最好（不）做某事 2. let sb do sth 让某人做某事 3. make sb do sth 使某人做某事
4. would rather do sth than do sth 宁愿…而不愿 5. prefer to do rather than do sth 宁愿…而不愿 6. would you please（not）do sth？请你（不）…好吗？ Eg : You had better study hard .
Tom always made us laugh. Please let him go with us.
Why not play football with us ?
= Why don’t you play football with us ? 注意：助动词（do， does，did ，will ， shall）
和情态动词（can ， must， may，should ，need ） + 动词原形
有些动词后接不定式或名词时，意义差别较大
1）stop doing sth 记得作过某事（某事已做过） stop to so sth记住去做某事（某事还没做） 2）forget doing sth 忘了作过某事（某事已做过） forget to do sth 忘了去做某事（某事还没做） 3）try to do sth 尽力去做某事 try doing sth 试一试，试试看
4）go on doing sth 继续做某事（同一动作） go on to do sth 继续去做某事（不同的事） 5）stop doing sth 把某事停下来
stop to do sth停下（手中事）去做另外的事
Step4 Practice. 巩固练习
Direction: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer that completes the sentence.
1. Would you please tell me _______ next?
A. A. how to do B. what to do C. what do I do D. how I should do 2. The girl wasn't _______ to lift that bookcase.
A. A. too strong B. enough strong C. strong enough D. so strong 3. For a time his grandmother found _______ accept his new idea.
A. A. hard B. it hard C. it hard to D. it is hard to 4. As she has never been there before, I'll have someone _______ her the way.
A. A. show B. to show C. showing D. showed 5. You _______ drive slowly. The roads are wet.
A. A. had rather B. would rather C. had better D. would better 6. Nothing can make the brave soldier _______ his country.
A. turn against B. to turn against C. to turn to D. turn to
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7. In the old days it was difficult for the poor _______ a job.
A. A. find B. to find C. look D. to look for 8. When learning a foreign language, try our best _______ the spirit of it.
A. A. master B. hold C. take hold of D. to master 9. It was foolish _______ his car unlocked.
A. for him to leave B. of him to leave C. for him leave D. him to leave 10. Remember _______ the newspaper when you have finished it.
A. putting back B. put back C. to put back D. will put back 11. Napoleon spoke so loudly as to _______ in front of his soldiers.
A. hear B. be heard C. listen D. be listened to 12. Television and radio _______ to know what is going on all over the world.
A. made it possible of us B. have made us possible
C. have made it possible for us D. have made it be possible for us 13. .I have enjoyed my visit here. I'll be very sorry _______.
A. for leaving B. to leave C. if leaving D. to have left 14. I don't see how I could possible manage _______ the work without _______.
A. to finish; helping B. to finish; being helped C. finishing; helping D. finishing; being helped 15. We all think it most foolish _______ this mistake.
A. for you making B. of you to make C. you to make D. for you to make 16. Because of air pollution being greatly reduced, this city is still _______.
A. a good place which to be lived in B. a good place to live
C. a good place to live in D. a good place to live for 17. — You were lost on your way to the lake, weren't you?
— Yes, we were and had to stop _______ the way.
A. asking B. to ask C. asked &n 166 bsp; D. to be asked 18. She felt it a great shame _______ so severely in the presence of her boy friend.
A. to criticize B. to have criticized C. to be criticized D. to have been criticized
19. The advertisements are trying _______ people to buy things they don't really
need.
A. persuade B. persuading C. be persuading D. to persuade 20. If you were much younger, I would arrange _______ as the general manager, for
all your colleagues speak highly of your work.
A. for you to work B. of you to work C. for you work D. you work 21. On our way back home, we _______ lunch because we felt hungry.
A. stopped to have B. stop to have C. stopped having D. stoped to have 22. I did nothing but _______ my lessons last Sunday.
A. go over B. to go over C. went over D. go on 23. I'd prefer _______ home rather than _______ a walk.
A. to stay; to take B. stay; to take C. to stay; take D. stay; take 24. He was so foolish _______ his car unlocked.
A. to leave B. that leave C. as to leave D. for him to leave 25. Your flat needs _______. Do you want me _______ it for you?
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A. to clean; to do B. cleaning; doing C. cleaning; to do D. to be cleaned; doing
26. What the scientist said greatly encouraged us _______ the experiment again, but
his secretary's words discouraged us _______ the experiment any more. A. to try; to do B. to try; from doing C. for trying; from doing D. trying; to do
27. _______ water before breakfast seemed to them a rule never _______.
A. To get; breaks B. To get; to break C. Getting; breaks D. Get; to break 28. The patient was warned _______ oily food after operation.
A. to eat not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eating 29. 29.\
A. wash B. to be washed C. to wash D. to be washing 30. Mr. Green has never smoked any more since his wife _______ him _______.
A. suggested; to give it up B. persuaded; to give up it C. advised; to give it up D. persuaded; to give it up 31. No one enjoys _______ at.
A. laughing B. to laugh C. being laughed D. to be laughed 32. You must do something to prevent your house _______.
A. to be broken in B. from being broken in C. to break in D. from breaking in 33. They insisted on _______ another chance to try.
A. given B. giving C. being given D. to be given 34. --- Where is my passport? I remember _______ it here.
--- You shouldn't have left it here. Remember _______ it with you all the time. A. to put；to take B. putting；taking C. putting；to take D. to put；taking 35. His room needs _______, so he must have it _______.
A. painting；painted B. painted；painting C. painting；painting D. painted；painted
36. After finishing his homework he went on _______ a letter to his parents.
A. write B. writing C. wrote D. to write 37. The young trees we planted last week require _______ with great care.
A. looking after B. to look after C. to be looked after D. taken good care of 38. Only _______ English doesn't mean _______ the language.
A. to learn；to learn B. learning；learning C. learning about；learn D. learning about；learning 39. She returned home only to find the door open and something _______.
A. missed B. to be missing C. missing D. to be missed 40. She decided to devote herself _______ the problem of old age.
A. to study B. studying C. to studying D. study 41. Remember _______ the newspaper when you have finished it.
A. putting back B. put back C. to put back D. be put back
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江苏职校高二年级英语第四册Unit7Its-not-related-to-my-major
