教育学习+K12
课时跟踪练(一) Introduction & Reading—Pre-reading
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Forgiving someone who has hurt you or let you down is never an easy thing. Several new studies, however, say that it could have a lot of benefits to your health. When you think of forgiveness, you probably don’t think of it as a health or medical problem. Studies from Stanford University, on the other hand, show that something like anger can affect your well-being.
When cartoon characters like the Incredible Hulk get angry, they change colours and often gain special power. In the real world, anger is less obvious and may be more dangerous. That’s why Professor Fred Luskin, founder of the Stanford Forgiveness Project and author of Forgive for Good, says holding_on_to anger
and hatred can harm your physical and mental health. Two new studies seem to show the same idea. The studies find that people who are able to forgive feel less stress, less back pain, and less depression. They also have fewer headaches, lower blood pressure, and fewer problems on sleeping.
So it doesn’t matter if your anger is caused by traffic or other things. Learning to let it go is important. Techniques such as deep breath or thought can help. Or just ask yourself if it’s worth hurting yourself by staying angry with someone else.
Forgiveness does not mean that you simply accept what happened and say it’s OK. Instead, it’s a way of making peace with yourself about what happened in the past.
语篇解读：本文讲述了宽恕的好处。生气会使人压力增大，对人的健康造成损害，所以作者提倡人们要学会宽恕。
1．The author of the passage tries to make his viewpoint clear ________. A．by raising his own examples B．by basing it on his own experience C．by mentioning some studies
D．by mentioning some typical patients
解析：选C 细节理解题。从第一段及第二段可以看出，作者是通过几项研究的结果来证明自己的观点的。
2．The example of the cartoon characters is taken in the passage to ________. A．support the viewpoint that anger and hatred harm physical and mental health 教育学习+K12
教育学习+K12
B．introduce a famous expert
C．let the reader know the different colours of cartoon faces D．show how to control one’s temper
解析：选A 推理判断题。事例通常是为文章的主题服务的，第二段中举卡通人物的例子是为了说明生气对人身心的危害。
3．The underlined phrase “holding on to” in this passage possibly means “________”．
A．removing C．getting rid of
B．keeping D．learning about
解析：选B 词义猜测题。文章主要讲的是宽恕的好处，而“holding on to anger and hatred”是有害的，那么显然，它的意思是“抓住愤怒与仇恨不放”，故keeping切题。
4．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in this passage? A．People who are able to forgive feel less stress. B．People who are able to forgive feel less depression.
C．People who are able to forgive have fewer problems on sleeping. D．People who are able to forgive feel less tired.
解析：选D 推理判断题。A、B、C三项文中第二段最后两句中都有提到，故选D。
B
Bottled water has become the choice for people who are healthy and thirsty. Bottled water is all over the world. But some say the planet’s health, and people’s health may be suffering from it.
The idea that bottled water is safer for humans may not be true. The Natural Resources Defense Council of America said，“There is no promise that because water comes out of a bottle, it is cleaner or safer than water from the tap.” Another New York City-based
action group added that some bottled water is “really just tap water in a bottle — sometimes more clean, sometimes not.”
It is not proven that bottled water is better than tap water. Nick Reeves from the Chartered Institution of Water and Environmental Management said, “The high mineral content (含量) of some bottled water makes them not good for feeding babies and young children.” Also, most bottled water doesn’t have fluoride (氟化物), which can make teeth stronger.Kids are drinking more bottled water and less fluoridated tap water, and some say that’s behind the recent rise in bad teeth.
Storing is another problem. Placed near heat, the plastic bottles can produce 教育学习+K12
教育学习+K12
bad chemicals (化学物质) into the water.
According to the Environmental Protection Agency, some 2.7 million tons of plastic are used worldwide to bottle water each year. The plastic can take between 400 and 1,000 years to break down.
In terms of energy use，plastic bottles are also not cheap. One report said that if water and soft drink bottlers had used 10 percent recycled materials in their plastic bottles, they would have saved about 72 million gallons of gas.
So, if you are worried about the effect of bottled water on the Earth, you can take the following steps.
●Drink from your tap. Unless your government warns against this, it should be fine.
●Get a container (容器). Carry your tap water in a steel or a lined drinking container, and clean it between uses.
●Keep it cool. Don’t drink from a bottle that has been sitting in the sun, don’t store it near chemicals, and don’t reuse plastic bottles.
●Choose glass containers over plastic if possible.When finished, recycle! 语篇解读：本文主要讲述了全世界都在使用瓶装水。瓶装水在给我们带来方便的同时，也给我们的健康和地球的环境带来了许多问题。
5．What is the main idea of the article?
A．Drinking tap water is the only choice for people. B．Glass containers are better than plastic bottles. C．Plastic bottles are harmful to the environment. D．Bottled water may not be as good as we think.
解析：选D 主旨大意题。文章主要讲瓶装水给地球带来各种环境问题，瓶装水可能并不像我们认为的那么好。
6．What can we learn about plastic bottles from the article? A．They break down in less than 300 years. B．They can be used for many other things. C．They are a risk to the environment. D．They are cheap to make.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据文章第五段可知塑料瓶对环境有害。
7．According to the article, we can know that bottled water is ________. A．no problem for the environment B．more expensive than tap water 教育学习+K12
教育学习+K12
C．always safer than tap water D．better for babies
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据文章第六段中的“In terms of energy use, plastic bottles are also not cheap.”可知瓶装水不便宜。
8．Which of the following about tap water is NOT mentioned in the article? A．There are a lot of problems storing tap water. B．Bottled water can be just tap water in a bottle. C．It may be better for your teeth. D．It may contain fluoride.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据文章最后几段可知自来水的好处，B、C、D三项符合文章的叙述，A项文章中没有提及。
C
Nine out of 10 parents want their children to take part in competitions in school, a survey found.
Despite (尽管) the current trend of few or no competitions in many schools — they worry that they place kids under too much pressure or cause some damage to their bodies — most parents believe competitions help to prepare children for adulthood. They also believe competitions make children more ambitious (志向远大的) and ready for work.
And 84 percent of parents worry their children will feel regretful once they leave school because they have little or no experience of competitions. More than two thirds think competitions teach children that they have to work for things, while 69 percent think they help kids realize they don’t always win or come out on top of everything.
One in three parents also believe competitions raise standards in education as children strive (努力) to win. One in five parents don’t think that their children’s schools offer enough opportunities to their children to compete against others, and one in 10 even say the schools don’t allow children to win or lose at all.
As a result, 24 percent of parents have complained to their children’s schools as they don’t feel that enough emphasis (重视) is put on competitions. Nine out of 10 teachers agree that it is important for children to experience losing at an early age.
Former World Cup rugby (橄榄球) star Will Greenwood said, “Competitions make you strive to be better as an individual (个体) and as part of a team. In any walk 教育学习+K12
教育学习+K12
of life, experiencing success as an individual is a great motivator and helps to breed a culture that strives to succeed, whether in education or employment.”
Chairwoman Carole Stott said, “Many schools have, in recent years, moved their emphasis for children away from winning and losing to simply taking part.”
语篇解读：一项调查显示大部分家长希望孩子们在学校能多参加竞赛。 9．Why do many schools offer few or no competitions to their students? A．To keep the students safe. B．To reduce families’ expenses. C．To reduce the teachers’ pressure.
D．To make sure that the students have enough time to study.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“they worry that they place kids under too much pressure or cause some damage to their bodies”可知，许多学校不安排或少安排竞赛的原因是他们担心竞赛给学生们带来压力，同时还有可能给学生们的身体带来伤害。
10．According to most parents, taking part in competitions won’t help kids ________.
A．prepare themselves well for their future work B．know that they don’t need to win all the time C．gain the experience of competitions D．enjoy their school life
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的 “...make children more ambitious and ready for work ...”以及第三段中的“...they help kids realize they don’t always win ...”和“... children will feel regretful once they leave school because they have little or no experience of competitions ...”可知A、B、C三项是孩子们参加竞赛的好处，D项所给信息在文中没有对应信息。
11．What can be used as the best title of the passage? A．The benefits of taking part in competitions B．Parents want their children to compete at school C．Most schools offer more competitions to students D．Should students take part in competitions in school?
解析：选B 标题归纳题。根据文章中所列出的一系列的调查结果可总结出，大部分家长希望孩子们在学校能多参加竞赛，由此可知B项作为文章标题最佳。
12．What is Will Greenwood’s attitude towards kids’ taking part in more competitions? 教育学习+K12
【教育专用】2017_2018学年高中英语Module1OurBodyandHealthyHabits课时跟踪练一Introduction
