Many new houses are built in this city.这座城市建了许多新房子。This coat isn’t bought for Sara. That one is for her.这件外套不是给Sara 买的,那件才是。There is no room for me. All the seats are taken.没有我的位置了。所有的座位都被占满了。Schoolboys are always told not to smoke.学校里的男孩子经常被告诫,不要吸烟。2.在主动语态中如果谓语动词是含有介词或副词的短语动词,变为被动语态时不能丢掉该介词或副词。如:They take good care of the children. → The children must be taken good care of. 孩子们必须小心照看。They use this room for resting.→This room is used for resting by them.这个房间是被他们用来休息的。Everyone laugh at his plan.→ His plan is laughed at by everyone. 他的计划大家都嘲笑。英语动词变过去式和过去分词记忆法 动词可分为规则动词和不规则动词规则动词的过去式和过去分词是一样,变化规则如下:1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked2.结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped注:闭音节是一个元音字母后跟一个或几个辅音字母的单词。闭音节: a)辅音+元音+辅音 例如:bad,bed,sit,hot,cup;b)元音+辅音 例如 it、of;c) 元音+多个辅音 例如: egg ,fish 。重读闭音节:闭音节为重读音节的音节。重读闭音节中元音字母不是发它本身的字母音,而是发短元音。(如 run, swim ,sit,begin等) 重读闭音节三要素:(1)必须是重读音节;(2)以一个辅音字母结尾;(3)元音字母发短。重读闭音节即两个中间夹一个元音.4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i, 再加-ed,如:study-studied常见的不规则动词变化:be动词(am / is) → was → beenbe 动词(are)→ were→ beenhave / has → had →had do /does → did → donego → went → gone Step 4 Practice Activity 15 Find the sentences that are similar to those above.找出与上表中结构相类似的句子。1.People grow tea in southeast China.( )2.The cake is made by my grandmother。( )3. What is it made of? write → wrote → written( )4.Workers make shoes in the factory. ( )5.What are these brushes used for? ( )6.Many cars are produced this year. ( ) 一、学生阅读句子。 二、教师引导学生将句子划分主动语态和被动语态两类,确认与上一个活动中结构相类似的被动语态。 三、教师可以根据学生情况,让学生进行两种语态的转换练习。Activity 16 Match the questions with their answers.将左栏的问题与右栏的回答匹配。1.学生根据左栏中提出的问题在右栏中选出相应的回答。2.教师通过提问在全班给出反馈。3.学生两人一组作对话练习。教师可以利用这一活动培养学生通过关键词或句式选择答案的学习策略,如:be 动词开头的问句通常为一般疑问句,那么回答应该是“Yes”,或“No”Activity 17 Guess the objects in the classroom. 猜谜游戏。两人一组,仿照例句,A选中教师里的任意一件物品,B提问,直到猜中为止。Sample : (A chooses a desk in the classroom.)A: Shall we start? B: OK. Is it made of glass?A: No.B: Is it made of wood?A: Yes.B: What color is it?A: It’s yellow.B: It’s a desk.1.教师与一名学生进行猜谜游戏,为其他学生示范。2.学生两人一组轮流提问猜谜。3.教师指定或学生自愿在班上表演对话,并给予点评。(教师可以把猜谜的范围从教室扩大到家庭日常用品或公共场所中的常见设施)Activity 18 Describe how milk is produced.利用提示信息,描述牛奶的生产过程。1.教师带领学生讨论并帮助学生提示词中的语言障碍。2.学生相互讨论,共同描述牛奶的制作过程。3.小组派代表在全班口头描述,教师点评本活动中提到了表示先后顺序的词:first — and then— next—after that —then — finally,教师应向学生强调正确使用这些词,使叙述更有条理。
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