1元音字母开音节和闭音节中的读音编辑
a
①在开音节中[ei]name,plane,Jane,baby,cake ②在闭音节中[?]bag,dad,hat,map,black,back e
①在开音节中[i:]he,these,me,Chinese ②在闭音节中[e]bed,let,pen,desk,yes,egg i
①在开音节中[ai]bike,drive,time,nice,kite ②在闭音节中[i]fish,big,drink,sit,milk,swim o
①在开音节中[?u]those,close,go,hoe,home,no ②在闭音节中[?]clock,not,box,shop,sock u
①在开音节中
i.[ju:]student,excuse,duty,Tuesday
ii.元音字母u在辅音字母j,l,r,s后面时读[u:]音,例如:June,blue,ruler,super。
②在闭音节中[?]bus,cup,jump,much,lunch
2元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音编辑
a
①在[w]音后面[?]want,what,watch,wash,quality
②在f,n,sk,ph,sp,ss,st,th前[α:]after,plant,graph,ask,grasp,glass,fast,father i
在-nd,-ld和gh前[ai]find,child,light,high o
①在-st,-ld前[?u]most,postcard,old,cold
②在m,n,v,th前[?]come,monkey,love,mother
3元音字母在非重读音节中的读音编辑
a
[?]China,another,woman,breakfast,orange,comrade,village,cabbage
动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读[ei]音,例如:operate,a处在开音节位置 e
[?]hundred,student,open,weekend,chicken,pocket,begin,children i
①[i]holiday,beautiful,family,animal ②[ai]exercise,satellite o
①[?]second,tonight,somebody,welcome ②[?u]also,zero,photo u
①[?]autumn,difficult
②[ju:]popular,congratulation,January ③在辅音字母j,l,r,s后面时,读[u]或[u:]音,例如:July,influence,February,issue。 在非重读音节中,许多单词中的元音字母a,e,i既可以读[?]的音,也可以读[i]的音。
4-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音编辑
ar
①[α:]car,farm,dark,sharpener
②在[w]音后面[?:]warm,quarter,towards or
①[?:]forty morning short ②[?:]word worker worse er,ir,ur
[?:]certainlybirdThursday
注:①辅音字母r双写时,前面的 元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如:carry,sorry,hurry。②-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[?]音,例如:dollar,teacher,martyr,forget,Saturday。
5-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音编辑
are
[ε?]care,dare,hare ere
[i?]here,mere,ere ire
[ai?]fire,hire,wire ore
[?:]more,score,before ure
[ju?]pure,cure -re
[?]centre,fibre,titre,saltpetre 注
①are,ere,ire,ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读[?]音,例如:picture,pleasure。
②重读元音字母加r,再加非重读元字组时,重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母r读[r]音。例如:parent,zero,story,during,inspiring。
③另外,某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如:orange,very,American,paragraph。
6元音字组在重读音节中的读音编辑
ai,ay
[ei]afraid,rain,wait,day,play air
[ε?]air,hair,chair,pair,repair al
①在l,k前[?:]small,ball,talk,wall,all,talk, ②[?:?]always,also,salt,almost ③在f,m前[α:]half,calm au,aw
[?:]autumn,daughter,draw ea
①[i:]teach,easy,cheap,please ②[e]heavy,bread,sweater,weather ③[ei]break,great ear
①[i?]hear,dear,near,clear,year ②[ε?]bear,pear,wear,swear ③[?:]earth,learn,early ee
[i:]jeep,week,green,three eer
[i?]pioneer,deer,beer ei,ey
①[ei]eight,neighbour,they ②[i:]seize,key eu,ew
①在j,l,r,s后[ju:]new,few,newspaper ②[u:]flew,brew,jewelry ie,ei
[s]音之后[i:]piece,field,receive oa
[?u]coat,Joan,boat,goal oar,oor
[?:]roar,board,door,floor oi,oy
[?i]noise,point,boy,toilet oo
[u:]broom,food,tooth,school,book,look,cook,foot,good ou,ow
①[au]flower,house,count,down ②[?u]know,row,throw,though ③[?]young,country,enough ④[u:]group,you,soup our
①[?:] course,your,four ②[au?]our,hour,sour ③[?:]journey
oul
[u]would,should,could(主要是情态动词、助动词) ui
①在j,l,r,s后[ju:i]fluid,suicide,tuition ②[u:]juice,fruit,suit
7非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音编辑
ai,ay,ei,ey
[i]Sunday,foreign,monkey ow
[?u]yellow,sparrow,tomorrow
注:元音字组在非重读音节中通常读[?]音或[i]音。例如:serious,famous,biscuit,coffee,neighbour -sion,-tion
①[??n]impression,nation
②在元音字母后[??n]vision,decision,occasion ③在s后[t??n]question,suggestion -sten
[sn]listen -stle
[s?]whistle -sure
[??]pleasure,measure -ture
[t??]picture,culture
8元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音编辑
复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。例如:everyday[ei],handbag[?],blackboard[?:]。有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如:sun(太阳)+day[ei](日子)=Sunday(星期天);holy(神圣)+day[ei](日子)=holiday[i](假日):break(中断)+fast[α:](斋戒)=breakfast[?](早餐);cup(茶杯)+board[?:](木板)=cupboard[?](碗柜)。
9辅字组的读音编辑
b
①[b] bike,bus,bag ②[不发]bomb,tomb c
①在e前或在i,y前[s]face,decide,cinema ②其他情况[k]cake,picture,coat,music ③[t?]cello ch
①[t?]much,chick,rich,teacher
②[k]school,headache,chemistry(主要为希腊外来词) ③[?]machine,moustache(主要是法语外来词) -ck
[k]cock,pocket,black,knock cz
[t?] Czech d
[d]doctor,bread,hand,day -dg(e)
[d?]bridge,fridge dr-
[dr]children,driver,drink ds
[dz]hands(主要用于可数名词复数) f
[f]five,four,breakfast g
①[g]bag,garden,go
②[d?]orange,large,German ③[?]genre,massage gh
①[f]cough,enough
②[不发]light,daughter,high gu-,-gue
①[g]guess,league,dialogue(-gue在非重读音节中) ②[gw]language,anguish h
①[h]hot,head,house,hand ②[不发]hour,honest j
①[d?]jeep,jar,joke,join,June ②[?]Jacques(用于法国人名 ③[h]Juanita(用于西班牙人名) k
[k]kind,bike,skate,make,week kn-[n]knife,know,knock l
①[l]life,lead,lot(出现在元音前面)
②[?]milk,school,tall[出现在元音后面。可以出现在辅音前,也可出现在辅音后(词尾)] m
[m]monkey,come
-mn[m]autumn,column,solemn n
英语音标使用规则



