2020年山东省高考英语仿真模拟试题二（附答案）
本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等信息填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束，考生将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) （略） 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
My college experience included this life-skill lesson: Drink alcohol on a full stomach. Or you will get inebriated too quickly. Of course, most college students shouldn’t be drinking at all, but we know from the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism that close to 60 percent of college students aged 18 to 22 do consume alcohol, which makes harm-reducing approaches important.
Unfortunately, campus authorities and researchers are reporting a practice that turns the full-stomach drinking strategy on its head: rather than filling up before a night of partying, significant numbers of students refuse to eat all day before consuming alcohol.
This is a high-risk behavior called “drunkorexia,” which is one part eating disorder, one part
alcoholism—a very dangerous combination for college-age students. The term drunkorexia, which can also include excessive exercise or purging before consuming alcohol, was coined about 10 years ago, and it started showing up in medical research around 2012. Drunkorexia addresses the need to be the life of the party while staying extremely thin, pointing to a flawed mind-set about body image and alcoholism among college students, mostly women.
Imagine this scenario: A female college freshman doesn’t eat anything all day, exercises on an empty stomach, then downs five shots of tequila in less than two hours. Because there’s no food in her system to help slow the absorption of alcohol, those shots affect her rapidly, leading to inebriation and possibly
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passing out, vomiting or suffering alcohol poisoning. That’s drunkorexia.
Tavis Glassman, professor of health education and public health at the University of Toledo in Ohio, researches drunkorexia and worries about scenarios such as the one described above: “With nothing in her system, alcohol hits quickly, and that brings up the same issues as with any high-risk drinking: getting home safely, sexual assault, unintentional injury, fights, hangovers that affect class attendance and grades, and possibly ending up in emergency because the alcohol hits so hard,” he says.
“Alcohol can negatively affect the liver or gastrointestinal system, it can interfere with sleep, lower the immune system and is linked to several types of cancers,” Hultin says. 1. What does the underlined word “inebriated” in paragraph 1 mean? A. excited
B. overwhelmed
C. addicted
D. drunk
2. We can infer from the passage that ____________.
A. a large number of college students spend most of their nights partying B. some college students refuse to eat before drinking alcohol to keep slim C. There is a direct link between body image and consuming alcohol D. female college student is more likely to be hurt if she drinks alcohol 3. Which of the following may Tavis Glassman agree with?
A. With more food in one’s system, he may suffer from the effects of alcohol slowly. B. Drinking five shots of tequila in less than two hours is the performance of drunkorexia. C. Those who don’t attend classes and have lower grades tend to be addicted to alcohol. D. Alcohol has negative effects on the immune system and may lead to several cancers.
B
The first men and women came to Britain over two and a half million years ago. They were hunters and gatherers of food who used stone tools and weapons. But the British Isles only became islands separate from the rest of Europe about 8,500 years ago, when melting ice formed the English Channel!
3,000 years after Britain became an island, new tribes who came by boat from the mainland introduced farming. These tribes built earthworks for protection and as tombs for their dead. Many of these man-made hills can still be seen.
Later on, people learned to build stone monuments. The most amazing is Stonehenge, a circle of huge stones begun about 4,500 years ago. Stonehenge is the world’s most famous prehistoric monument. We don’t know what it meant or what it was used for, though many different suggestions have been made.
3,000 years ago the climate in Britain became colder and wetter than before, and people had to move down from high ground. A bit later iron started to be sued for tools and weapons instead of bronze.
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Knowledge of ironworking may have been brought by the Celts, a new wave of immigrants who started to arrive from southern Europe in about 500 BC.
What we know about the first people in Britain has been worked out by archaeologists from the remains they left behind them. Pytheas, a Greek, was the first person who could read and write to come to Britain. His visit was in about 330 BC, over 2000 years after Stonehenge was begun. Unfortunately, what Pytheas wrote has been lost, so we don’t have any written record of Britain until the Romans came, almost 300 years after he did!
4. This passage mainly tells us _______ . A. The dawn of history in Britain B. How English Channel was formed
C. How the British made a living millions of years ago D. When humans appeared on the British Isles
5. In this passage “the man-made hill” probably refers to ___________ .
A. The small islands in Britain
B. Earthworks for protection and as tombs C. The amazing Stonehenge
D. The farms opened up by the first man
6. Why did people move to low ground 3,000 years ago?
A. Because iron tools were used for farming
B. Because the climate made it unfit for man to live there C. Because more people arrived from southern Europe D. Because the Celts forced them to do so
7. Only after ________ do people have written records about Britain.
A. the arrival of the Celts B. Stonehenge was begun C. Pytheas’s visit D. the Romans came
C
During Amsterdam’s chaotic rush hour, nine -year-old Lotta Crok cycles to a very busy junction. “Look,” she says. “There’s traffic coming from everywhere. Four trams from four different directions. For a child on a bike that’s really confusing!”
Lotta is the first junior cycle mayor in the world and her working area is the Dutch capital. You would think this challenge would be superfluous in a city known as the bicycle capital of the world. The number of bicycles in Amsterdam is estimated at 81,000 - more than the city’s 850,000 inhabitants - and 63% of the population cycle daily.
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But children who cycle in Amsterdam face challenges, Lotta says: “The three biggest problems for us are cars, cycling tourists and scooters (小型摩托). The cars take up too much space, the tourists are always swinging side to side and stop when you least expect it, and the scooters simply run you over.”
Lotta became junior cycle mayor in June last year when she won a contest in which school children were asked to come up with plans to make cycling safer and more fun. Her idea was to add children’s bikes to the popular bike share programme.
Since Lotta was appointed junior cycle mayor, she has been busy, giving interviews, opening cycling contests in the city and being a jury (评审员) member during the Amsterdam Light Parade, an event in which Amsterdammers decorate their bikes with lights.
She is now planning a meeting with the city’s mayor to discuss ideas that children have come up with: “One of our proposals is a bicycle park where children can learn how to cycle. Right now, most of us learn a it in the street, which can be quite busy. Another idea is to create an app for tourists to teach them the rules of cycling, because most of them really don’t know.”
Following the success of the Amsterdam scheme, cycle mayors around the world are now planning to appoint junior colleagues. “They see it works really well,” Boerma, the senior major, says. “I talk to the parents, Lotta talks to the children. And if you look at the city through the eyes of a child, you will also make it accessible for others. A city that’s good for an eight-year-old is also good for an 88-year-old.” 8. Why is a junior cycle mayor appointed in Amsterdam? A. To teach children how to ride. B. To ensure cycling is safer for children.
C. To give suggestions to the city’s mayor on how to run the city. D. To organize the cycling contests in the city.
9. Which word can best replace the underlined word “superfluous” in paragraph 2? A. Important C. Difficult
B. Unnecessary D. Valuable
10. What has Lotta done since she became the bike mayor? .
A. She has solved the three biggest problems for children cycling in Amsterdam. B. She has won a contest about cycling.
C. She has given interviews and been a jury member during a parade. D. She has given proposals to the city mayor.
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11. What’s Boerma’s attitude to the junior cycle mayor? A. Cautious C. Ambiguous
D
Give yourself a test. Which way is the wind blowing? How many kinds of wildflowers can be seen from your front door? If your awareness is as sharp as it could be, you’ll have no trouble answering these questions.
Most of us observed much more as children than we do as adults. A child’s day is filled with
B. Favorable D. Disapproving
fascination, newness and wonder. Curiosity gave us all a natural awareness. But distinctions that were sharp to us as children become unclear; we are numb(麻木的）to new stimulation(刺激), new ideas. Relearning the art of seeing the world around us is quite simple, although it takes practice and requires breaking some bad habits.
The first step in awakening senses is to stop predicting what we are going to see and feel before it
occurs. This blocks awareness. One chilly night when I was hiking in the Rocky Mountains with some students, I mentioned that we were going to cross a mountain stream. The students began complaining about how cold it would be. We reached the stream, and they unwillingly walked ahead. They were almost knee-deep when they realized it was a hot spring. Later they all admitted they'd felt cold water at first.
Another block to awareness is the obsession(痴迷) many of us have with naming things. I saw bird
watchers who spotted a bird, immediately looked it up in field guides, and said, a “ruby-crowned kinglet” and checked it off. They no longer paid attention to the bird and never learned what it was doing.
The pressures of “time” and “destination” are further blocks to awareness. I encountered many hikers
who were headed to a distant camp-ground with just enough time to get there before dark. It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit, to take a moment to see what’s around them. I asked them what they’d seen. “Oh, a few birds, ” they said. They seemed bent on their destinations.
Nature seems to unfold to people who watch and wait. Next time you take a walk, no matter where it
is, take in all the sights, sounds and sensations. Wander in this frame of mind and you will open a new dimension to your life.
12. According to Paragraph 2, compared with adults, children are more ________. A. anxious to do wonders. B. sensitive to others’ feelings. C. likely to develop unpleasant habits. D. eager to explore the world around them.
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2020年山东省高考英语仿真模拟试题二(附答案)
