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2024版新目标八年级英语下册单元知识点归纳

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v1.0 可编辑可修改 2017年春人教版八年级英语下册知识点

Unit 1. what’s the matter 一.重点短语归纳

1. foot---feet 脚 <复> tooth---teeth 牙齿 <复>

2. have a cold 感冒 3. have a stomachache 胃疼 4. have a sore back背疼 5. have a sore throat喉咙疼 6. have a fever发烧

21. be hungry 饥饿

22. be stressed out紧张 23. listen to music听音乐

24. healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式 25. traditional Chinese doctors传统中医 26. need to do sth 需要做某事

I have a toothache. I need to see a dentist. 我牙痛, 我需要去看牙医.

We need to keep our classroom clean. 我们需要保持教室的干净.

7. lie down and (have a)rest 躺下休息 have a 27. too much + 不可数名词 太多的… rest 休息

8. hot tea with honey 加蜜的热茶

9. see a dentist 看牙医 see a doctor 看医生 lots of water多喝水

of ,a lot of, 许多。大量 a lot

a lot of=lots of,可以修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词,一般用在肯定句中。:

There are lots of ( a lot of) books in our library.

There is a lot of water on the ground a lot,是一个副词词组,跟动词连用;表示十分,很等意思; Thanks a lot. 12. have a toothache牙疼 13. That’s a good idea好主意

14. go to bed 去睡觉 go to bed early 早上床睡觉

15. feel well感到好 feel ill 感到不舒服 I don’t feel well= I’m not feeling well 我感觉不舒服.

16. start doing/ to do sth开始做某事 to do 是一件事情完成了,开始做另外一件事情

much too +形/副 实在太… 极其,非常 too many + 可数名词复数 太多的…

good for sth./ doing sth. 对什么有益 ,对什么有好处

be bad for sth./ doing sth. 对什么有害 be good to 对…好

be good at =do well in 在……方面好,擅长 be good(bad) for、be good at的相关用法 good for 对......有益

Doing morning exercises is good for your health. 做早操对你们的建康有益。 good at 擅长于......

Li Ping is good at basketball.

李平擅长于篮球。

= Li Ping is good at playing basketball. 李平擅长于打篮球。

be good at = do well in 如:

I'm good at math. = I do well in math. 我擅长于数学。 good to 对......好

Parents are always good to their children.

doing是原来的那件事情做到一半,现在又开始做了,父母亲总是对他们的孩子好。 是同一件事情。

17. two days ago两天前

18. get some rest 多休息, 休息一会儿 19. I think so我认为是这样 20. be thirsty口渴

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good grades 取得好成绩 用法 be angry with sb生某人的气

I was angry with him for keeping me waiting.我对他很生气,因为他让我等了好久。 be angry at/ about sth 就某事生气

v1.0 可编辑可修改 ’s easy to do sth做某事是容易的。 It’s important to do sth . 做某事很重要。 diet平衡饮食

tired 感到疲倦 be/get tired

healthy 保持健康 =keep healthy=keep in good health

shouldn’t eat anything

=He should eat nothing. 他不应当吃任何东西. sb some advice给某人建议give advice 提出建议 advice 是不可数名词

a piece of advice 一则建议 take one’s advice 采纳或听从某人的建议 He gave me some good advice. 他向我提了一些很好的意见。

You should lie down and rest / drink hot tea with honey / see a dentist / see a doctor . He shouldn’t eat anything = He should eat nothing. 他不应当吃任何东西.

’m not felling well . 这里well表示身体状况,不能用good代替

I don’t feel well= I’m not feeling well 我感觉不舒服.

did it start About two days ago . 什么时候开始的大约两天前

hope you fell better soon . 我希望你很快好起来 这里better是well的比较级

’s easy to have a healthy lifestyle ,and it’s important to eat a balanced diet .

8 hours a night每晚睡眠八小时, get enough sleep 有一个健康的生活方式很容易,饮食平衡是很重要的。 得到充足的睡眠 medicine 吃药 服药

→ It’s easy to do sth . 做某事容易 / It’s important to do sth . 做某事重要

I have to take medicine three times a day for my 四.知识结构 cold.因为感冒,我不得不一天吃三次药。 二 固定结构

It’s +形容词 + for sb. + to do sth. 做某事对某人来说是…的。

It’s important to do sth .做某事很重要。 It’s important for me to eat a balanced diet. 平衡饮食对我来说是很重要的.

It’s easy to do sth做某事是容易的。

It’s easy for us to find out the answer. 找出答案对我们来说是容易的 三.重点句子

’s the matter What’s the mater with you 你怎么啦

=What’s the trouble with you=What’s wrong with you

I have a cold / have a sore back / have a stomachache

’s too bad. You should /

shouldn’t … 那太糟糕了. 你应该/不该…

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○1.情态动词should的用法

should是情态动词,它的基本用法是必须和其他动词一起构成谓语。

情态动词没有人称和数的变化,意为\应该......\。 should(应当,应该)用于所有人称,表示劝告或建议。

eg. You should wait a little more. 你应该再多等一会儿。

--- I have a very bad cold.我感冒很厉害。 --- You should lie down and have a rest.你应该躺下,多喝水。 ○2maybe与may be

是副词,译为“也许、可能”,相当于“perhaps”。如:

Maybe he can answer the question. 也许他能回答那个问题。

He maybe is from the USA, too. 他可能也来自美国。

be中的may为情态动词,译为“可能是......”。如:

v1.0 可编辑可修改 He may be from the USA, too. 他可能也来自美国。

She may be our English teacher. 她可能是我们的英语老师

to 属于

这种结构相当于及物动词,后面跟宾语。 3. 动词+副词+介词 如:come up with 提出,想出 run out of 用完,耗尽

○4 few、a few、little、a little的区别和联系: 4. 动词+名词(介词) 如:take part in参加 catch / a few用来修饰可数名词,few表示否定意义,hold of 抓住

没有,几乎没有;a few表示有肯定意思, 有几个。 (sb.) up 使(某人)高兴、振作 如:cheer me up 使例如:

He has few friends here, he feels lonely. 他这里没朋友,他感觉寂寞。

There are a few eggs in the basket.篮子里有几个鸡蛋。

/ a little用来修饰不可数名词,little表示否定意思,没有,几乎没有。

a little 表示肯定意思,有一点儿。 例如:

我高兴 clean up 打扫 clean-up n. 打扫 2. homeless adj. 无家可归的 a homeless boy 一个无家可归的男孩home n. 家

4. sick adj. 生病的 作表语、定语 ill adj. 生病的 作表语 ,不能作定语

5. volunteer to do v. 志愿效劳、主动贡献 volunteer n. 志愿者

6. come up with 提出 想出 === think up 想出

There is little ink in my bottle, can you give me catch up with 赶上 追上 a little ink

我的瓶子里没有墨水了,你能给我点儿墨水吗 3 not…until 直到 …(否定句) 才,动词为短暂性或瞬间性动词

She didn’t leave until we came. He went shopping after he got up.

7. put off doing 推迟做某事 put on 穿上 (指过程) put up 张贴

8. write down 写下 记下 9. call up 打电话 make a telephone call 打电话 10. set up 成立 建立

The new hospital was set up in 2000. 这座医院是

=He didn’t go shopping until /before he got up. 在2000年成立的。 ……until/till 直到··· (肯定句)动词为延续性动词

We stayed here till/until 12 o’clock.

Unit 2 I'll help clean the city parks.

一.知识点: 短语动词小结 常见短语动词结构有下面几种:

1.动词+副词 如:give up 放弃 turn off 关掉 stay up 熬夜

这种结构有时相当于及物动词,如果其宾语是代词,就必须放在动

词和副词之间,如果是名词,则既可插在动词和副词之间,也可放 在短语动词后。

2. 动词+介词 如:listen of 听 look at 看 belong 33

11. each 每个 各自的 强调第一个人或事物的个别情况 常与of 连用

every 每个 每一个的 一切的 则有“全体”的意思不能与of 连用

12. put …to use 把… 投入使用,利用

They put the new machine to use. 他们把新机器投入使用

13. help sb. (to) do 帮助某人做某事 help him (to) study

help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 help him with English

help do 帮助做某事 help study 14. plan to do 计划做某事 plan + 从句 I plan to go to Beijing. === I plan (that) I will go to Beijing.

v1.0 可编辑可修改 我计划去北京。

15. spend … doing 花费…做… I spent a day visiting Beijing.

我花了一天的时间去参观北京。

算出了我们总的费用。 21. hang out 闲荡 闲逛

I like to hang out at mall with my friends. 我喜欢和我的朋友一起去购物中心闲荡。

spend… on sth. 花费…在… I spent 3 years on 22. be able to do 能 会 be unable to do 不能 English.

不会

16. join 参加 (指参加团体、组织) 如:join the 23. thank you for doing 谢谢做某事 如: Party 入党

thank you for helping me 谢谢做帮助我

take part in 参加 (指参加活动) 如: take 24. for sure 确实如此,毫无疑问 part in sports meeting 参加运动会 17. run out 与 run out of

①run out (become used up). 其主语往往为物。如时间,食物,金钱,油等,本 身就含有被动意义。

You don’t have money. That’s for sure. 你没有钱,这是毫无疑问的。

25. fill… with… 使…充满… 用…填充… She filled the bowl with water. 她用水填满碗。 26. hand out 分发 hand out bananas

His money soon ran out. 他的钱很快就花光了。 give out 分发 give out sth to sb. 分…. Our time is running out. 我们剩下的时间不多了。

②run out of 主语为人,表示主动含义。

给某人

give up doing 放弃… give up smoking 放弃吸烟

He is always running out of money before pay give away 赠送 捐赠 give away sth. to …. day. 他总是在发工资的日子还没有到就把钱花完了。 give away money to kids 两者在一定条件下可以互换

give sb. sth. 给某人某东西 give me money 给

如:The petrol is running out. 汽油快用完了= We 我钱

are running out of petrol. 我们快把汽油用完了。 give sth. to sb. 给某人某东西 give money to me Our time is running out. 我们剩下的时间不多了。= We are running out of time

18. take after (在外貌、性格等方面)与(父母等)相像

be similar to 与..相像 take after 相像 look after 照顾 take care of 照顾 19. work out v. + adj. ①结局,结果为

给我线

27. help sb. out 帮助…做事,解决难题(摆脱困境) I can’t work out this math problem. Please help me out. 我不能算出这道数学问题,请你帮我解决。

28. train n. 火车 train v. 训练 train sb. to do. 训练某人做某事

She trains her dog to fetch things. 她训练她

The strategies that he came up with worked out 的狗去取东西。 fine. 他提出的这个策略效果很好。 ②算出,制订出,消耗完(精力等)

He never seems to be worked out. 他好像永远不会疲乏似的。

He worked out a plan. 他制订了一个计划。 I have worked out our total expenses. 我已经

44

29. at once == right away 立刻 马上 如: Do it at once. 马上去做。

I’ll go there at once/ right away. 我马上去那里。

30. one day 有一天 (指将来/过去) some day 有一天(指将来) 如:

v1.0 可编辑可修改 One day I went to Beijing. 有一天我去了北京。 don’t have bikes. 他现在有16辆要修理的自行车,Some day I’ll go to Beijing. 有一天我将去北京。 并准备把这些修好的自行车赠送给那些没有自行车的34. disabled adj. 肢体有残疾的 disable v. 不能

36. volunteer ①可数名词 “志愿者” ②adj. 自愿的

vi. volunteer to do sth

They are the Chinese People’s Volunteers. 他们是中国人民志愿军。

I volunteer to help you. 我自愿帮助你。 二.句子

1.We can’t put off making a plan. Clean-up Day is only two weeks from

now. 我们不能推迟制订计划,清洁日离现在只有两周了。

2.She puts this love to good use by working in the after-school care centre at her local elementary school.

她在当地的一所小学的课后辅导中心工作,使这个爱好得到较好的利用

3.Not only do I feel good about helping other people, but I get to spend time doing what I love to do.

帮助别人不但自己感到快乐,而且我开始花时间做自己喜欢做的事了。

4.The three students plan to set up a student volunteer project at heir school.

这三个学生计划在他们校开展一个学生志愿者项目。 also put up some sign asking for old bikes.他还贴了一些需求旧自行车的告。

strategies that he came up with worked out fine. 几米想出的这个办法很效。

8.We need to come up with a plan. 我们需要指定一个计划。

9.You could help clean up the city parks. 你可以帮助打扫城市公园。

10.He now has sixteen bikes to fix up and give away to children who

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孩子。

Unit 3 Could you please clean your room 一.重要词组及短语

1. could you please do sth. 你能……吗/ 请你干……好吗 2. do the chores 做杂务 3. do the dishes 洗餐具 4. sweep the floor 清扫地板 5. take out the trash 倒垃圾 6. make one's bed 铺床 7. fold one's clothes 叠衣服 8. clean the living room 清扫客厅 9. stay out late 晚归 10. come over 过来 11. have a test 考试

12. get a ride 搭车 13. use one's computer 使用某人的电脑

14. hate sth. / hate to do sth. / hate doing sth. 讨厌某事/做某事

15. do the laundry = do some washing = wash clothes 洗衣服

17. wash the car 刷车

16. make breakfast / make dinner = do some cooking 做饭

18. work on 从事,忙于 work at 学习、致力于、在……上下工夫

19. borrow some money 借一些钱

borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物(借入) lend sb. sth.= lend sth. to sb. 借给某人某物(借出)

You can borrow some money from your brother. 你可以向你哥哥借些钱。

Can you lend me your bike 你能借给我你的自行车吗?

20. invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事

2024版新目标八年级英语下册单元知识点归纳

v1.0可编辑可修改2017年春人教版八年级英语下册知识点Unit1.what’sthematter一.重点短语归纳1.foot---feet脚tooth---teeth牙齿2.haveacold感冒3.haveastomachache胃疼4.haveasore
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