第1讲 定语从句
[全国卷考情分析]
题型 典题试做 1． (2024·全国卷Ⅱ) Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield，which she opened with her late husband Les. 2．(2024·全国卷Ⅲ) They were well 语 法 填 空 trained by their masters who had great experience with caring for these animals. 3．(2024·全国卷Ⅰ)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 which/that showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes. 1． (2024·全国卷Ⅰ) One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. where→when 短 文 改 错 2．(2024·全国卷Ⅰ)They also had a small pond which they raised fish.which →where或which前加in 3．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ) In their spare time, they are interested in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house.that→which 1．关系代词与关系副词的错用； 2．that与which的错用； 3．关系代词或关系副词的缺失。 1．考查定语从句的关系词，which、that和who考查居多； 2．有时考查非限制性定语从句中关系词的用法。 命题解读
考点一 [题组试做] Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2024·石家庄检测一)A new teacher will teach you German will come here tomorrow.
who [考查定语从句。从结构上看，空处是关系代词，修饰先行词A new teacher，指人，并且在从句中作主语，所以要用who。]
2．(2024·重庆第一次调研)The park offers visitors a sight of nature at majorities of people never have the chance to take a look.
which [考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，该句中的“The park offers visitors a sight of nature”是主句，“at majorities...a look”是定语从句，空处在定语从句中作at的宾语，代指a sight of nature，故填which。]
3．(2024·江西五校第一次联考)The WHO says superbugs can also pass along genetic material helps other bacteria become resistant to drug treatment.
that/which [考查定语从句。that/which引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词genetic material。]
Ⅱ.单句改错
4．(2024·安徽师大附中测试)He thanked me and jumped quickly in his car and drove off，keeping the disabled parking space free for someone needed it.
someone后加who [考查定语从句。who引导定语从句，在从句中作主语。]
5．(2024·吉林省吉大附中模拟)From this experience I have learnt that questioning can serve as a bridge helps us to seek the truth.
关系代词引导的定语从句
在bridge后加that或which [分析句子结构可知，本句主语为I，谓语为have learnt，that引导宾语从句，作learnt的宾语，can serve为从句的谓语，与helps之间无词连接，由此可判断，bridge后为定语从句，先行词为bridge，指物，在从句中作主语，故用that或which引导该从句。故在bridge后加that或which。]
6．(2024·江西名校联盟5月检测)One day，Margaret told me her grandma was coming and her parents would want my basement room back，what didn't surprise me.
what→which [分析句子结构可知，应用which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整句话的内容，且在从句中作主语，what不能引导定语从句。]
[要点解读]
1．关系代词的基本用法 关系代词 who whom which that whose as 先行词 人 人 物 人或物 人或物 人或物 在从句中的作用 主语、宾语 宾语 主语、宾语 主语、宾语、表语 定语 主语、宾语、表语 The little problems that we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.在日常生活中我们遇到的小问题可能是伟大发明的灵感来源。
I live next door to a couple whose children often make a lot of noise.我住在一对夫妻的隔壁，他们的孩子经常制造噪音。
2．that和which的用法区别
先行词是all，few，little，much， something，anything，nothing 等不定代词时 只用that 的情况 先行词被the only，the very， the same，all等修饰时 先行词是序数词、形容词最高级 或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 先行词既有人又有物时 只用which 的情况 引导非限制性定语从句时 关系代词指物，且前有介词时 China Today attracts a worldwide readership，which shows that more and more people
2024高考英语一轮复习板块4至关重要的句式——并列句、三大从句和特殊句式第1讲定语从句教学案
