2019届高三英语精准培优专练三：虚拟语气（解析版）
一、 真题在线
1.（2018·北京卷·单项选择）They might have found a better hotel if they _________ a few more kilometers. A. drove 【答案】D
【解析】由语境可知，主、从句都表示与过去事实相反，故从句用过去完成时。 2.（2017·北京卷·单项选择）If the new safety system _______ to use, the accident would never have happened. A. had been put 【答案】A
【解析】由语境可知，主、从句都表示与过去事实相反，故从句用过去完成时。
3.（2018·天津卷·单项选择）If we _______the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach. A. had caught 【答案】A
【解析】由语境可知，主句表示与现在事实相反，从句表示与过去事实相反。故从句用过去完成时。
4. （2018·天津卷·单项选择）—Do you have Betty’s phone number? —Yes. Otherwise, I ______able to reach her yesterday. A. hadn’t been 【答案】B
【解析】由yesterday可知，与过去事实相反，otherwise相当于if I hadn’t had Betty’s number，其后的句子相当于主句，谓语动词用wouldn’t have done。
5. (2015·重庆卷·单项选择)Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway ______ his famous novel A Farewell to Arms. A. didn’t write
B. hadn’t written
C. wouldn’t write
D. wouldn’t have
B. wouldn’t have been C. weren’t
D. wouldn’t be
B. caught
C. have caught
D. would catch
B. were put
C. should be put
D. would be put
B. would drive
C. were to drive
D. had driven
written 【答案】D
【解析】Without his wartime experiences是个含蓄条件句，与过去事实相反，其后的句子相当于主句，谓语
动词用wouldn’t have done。
6. (2015·安徽卷·单项选择) It is lucky we booked a room, or we ______ nowhere to stay now. A. had had 【答案】C
【解析】or暗含虚拟条件，相当于if we didn’t book a room，其后的句子相当于主句，由时间状语now可知，与现在事实相反，故谓语动词用would do。
7. (2018·江苏卷·单项选择)There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I _____ a second chance to become more involved. A. had
B. will have
C. would have had
D. have had
B. had had
C. would have
D. would have
【答案】A
【解析】由语境可知，这里表示将来的愿望，谓语动词用一般过去时。
8. (2018·江苏卷·单项选择) It’s strange that he _______ have taken the books without the owner’s permission. A. would 【答案】B
【解析】在“It is/was +形容词+that从句”中，that从句用“should+动词原形”表示虚拟。这里表示“竟然”，should不能省略。
B. should
C. could
D. might
二、对点专练
一、单项选择
1. Where are the children? The dinner’s going to be completed and I wish they ______ always late.
A. weren’t
B. hadn’t been
C. wouldn’t be
D. wouldn’t
have been 【答案】A
【解析】由语境可知，这里表示现在的情况。wish后的宾语从句用一般现在时表示与现在事实相反，用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反，故选A。
2. Teachers recommend parents ____ their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety. A. not allow B. do not allow C. mustn’t allow allow 【答案】A
【解析】句意：为了安全，老师建议家长不要让不满12岁的孩子骑自行车上学。recommend表示“建议”
时，后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。用“should+动词原形”，should可省略。
3. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he _______ more on its culture. A. focus focused 【答案】B
【解析】would rather后面的从句要用虚拟语气。表示现在或将来的动作，用一般过去时；表示过去的动作，用过去完成时。
4. I ______ through that bitter period without your generous help. A. couldn’t have gone B. didn’t go gone 【答案】A
【解析】 由句意“没有你的慷慨相助，我不可能熬过那段艰苦岁月。”可知，该句表示与过去事实相反，故选A。without your generous help相当于一个条件状语从句if it had not been for your generous help。
5. Maybe if I ______ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you some help. A. studied studying 【答案】C
B. would study
C. had studied
D. was
C. wouldn’t go
D. hadn’t
B. focused
C. would focus
D. had D. couldn’t
【解析】这是一个交错条件句。主句表示与现在事实相反，由从句中的时间状语then可知，从句表示与过去事实相反，应用过去完成时。 6. — The weather has been very hot and dry.
— Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables ______.
A. wouldn’t die have died 【答案】D
【解析】从句用过去完成时，表示与过去事实相反，主句有时间状语now，表示与现在事实相反，考生很容易受此影响而误选A。后面句子的意思是“我的菜也不会死了”，说明菜已死，所以这里表示的是与过去事实相反。
7. They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation, or they _____ to our help. A. would have come 【答案】A
【解析】or暗含虚拟条件，其后的句子相当于主句，由语境可知，与过去事实相反，故谓语动词用would have done。
8. My mom suggests that we _____ eat out for a change this weekend.
A. should 【答案】A
【解析】suggest表示“建议”时，后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。用“should+动词原形”。 9. Sorry, I am too busy now. If I _____ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you. A. have had B. had had 【答案】D
【解析】由语境可知，主、从句都表示与现在事实相反，故从句用一般过去时。 10. —It rained cats and dogs this morning. I’m glad we took an umbrella. — Yeah, we would have got wet all over if we ______. A. hadn’t 【答案】A
B. haven't
C. didn't
D. don't
C. have
D. had
B. might
C. could
D. would
B. could come
C. have come
D. had come
B. didn’t die
C. hadn’t died
D. wouldn’t
【解析】由语境可知，主、从句都表示与过去事实相反，故从句用过去完成时。Hadn’t是hadn’t taken的省略。
11. I wish I ______ at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then. A. will be 【答案】D
【解析】由语境可知，这里表示对过去的愿望。wish后的宾语从句用一般现在时表示与现在事实相反，用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反，故选D。
二、单句语法填空
1. It is important that we_________(study)hard to succeed. 【答案】(should)study
【解析】考查主语从句中的虚拟语气，it is important that从句，从句中用(should)+动词原形,所以答案填should study，should可以省略。
2. If he ___________(apologize)to me yesterday, I wouldn't have ignored him. 【答案】had apologized
【解析】考查对过去的虚拟，根据yesterday可知是对过去的虚拟，从句用had done，主语用would/could have done，句意：如果他昨天向我道歉，我就不会不理他了。 3. Tom__________ work in the filed for his bad health.
【答案】can’t
【解析】考查情态动词can't的用法，can't表示不能。句中Tom因为身体不好，不能下田干活。
4. You___________(seize ) the chance to study abroad, but you gave it up. 【答案】could have seized
【解析】考查could have done用法，句意：你本可以抓住这个机会去国外读书，但你却 放弃了。could have done 本来能够做某事，实际上却没有。
5. My English teacher offers me practical advice that we____________(read) loudly in mornings. 【答案】(should) read
【解析】考查建议advice时要用虚拟语气，should +do, should可以省略，句意：我的英语老
B. would be
C. have been
D. had been
2019届高三英语精准培优专练三：虚拟语气(解析版)
