新素养导学同步人教英语选修六练习：nit 3 ection Ⅰ 含解析

Unit 3 Section Ⅰ

Ⅰ.完形填空

You’re surrounded by robots and you probably don’t even know it.Most are not all that __1.B__ and they won’t come up to you and speak like a friend.__2.C__ you’re unaware of them, they know you’re there.Robots are monitoring __3.D__ in hospitals, providing banking services, __4.A__ people from burning buildings and assisting astronauts in __5.B__ .Robots are everywhere.

Are robots __6.D__ or deadly enemies? Robotic expert Hans Moravec says intelligent robots today are no smarter than the average insect.But, don’t feel too __7.C__ about that.For example, army ants in South America __8.A__ everything in their path when they go to war—forests, crops, buildings, people...

In case you __9.B__ don’t care about our little mechanical friends, __10.A__ this: Robot technology is currently __11.C__ at a rate 10 million times faster than the evolution of __12.D__ . Considering the advances in robot technology during the upcoming years, Moravec says that robots must pass through four

__13.B__ of development before they rule the planet. First robot technology must achieve the ability to __14.A__ as general-purpose tools with software running at one million instructions per second (MIPS)．Those robots will have the __15.C__ of reptiles (爬行动物)．Next, this happening into 2020, robots will have acquired brains capable of __16.D__ 300 million MIPS, which will give them the intelligence of smart mice.A hundred billion MIPS will be __17.B__ sometime after 2030.By then robots will be provided by their __18.C__ (humankind) with monkey-like brains.__19.A__，at the dawn of 2040, robots will __20.D__ human intelligence and they will quickly surpass humans and challenge people for supremacy (至高无上) of the planet.

1．A．slow C．huge

B．obvious D．valuable

解析：上一句中的“you probably don’t even know it”提示，很多机器人的存在并不“明显”(obvious)。

2．A．In case C．Even if

B．If only D．As if

解析：即使(even if)你没有察觉到它们的存在，但是它们可以感知到你的存在。even if引导让步状语从句。

3．A．researchers C．presidents

B．scientists D．patients

解析：空后的hospital提示，机器人可以用来监测病人(patient)的病情。 4．A．rescuing C．sending

B．forcing D．calling

解析：根据空后的burning buildings可知，大楼着火时，机器人可以被用来解救(rescue)被困人员。

5．A．studio C．distance

B．space D．town

解析：空前的astronauts提示，机器人还可以在太空(space)帮助宇航员。 6．A．servants C．competitors

B．leaders D．friends

解析：此处与空后的enemies构成对比。机器人到底是人类的朋友(friend)还是人类致命的敌人？

7．A．curious C．safe

B．nervous D．pleasant

解析：现在智能机器人和一般昆虫一样不聪明。但是，我们不能因此对其麻痹大意。safe符合题意。

8．A．destroy C．smell

B．hide D．visit

解析：空后的war提示，当蚂蚁群要去进行一场战斗时，它们可以把沿路上的一切毁掉(destroy)。

9．A．also C．again

B．still D．seldom

解析：根据上文可推知，机器人有朝一日会像蚂蚁一样给我们带来灾难，因此我们不可以仍然(still)对其不屑一顾。

10．A．consider C．declare

B．explain D．conclude

解析：空后的内容是你应该认真考虑(consider)的事情。 11．A．beginning

B．selling

C．exploding D．reducing

解析：空后的“at a rate 10 million times”提示，现在机器人技术的发展速度极快。explode原意为“爆炸”，此处引申为“发展非常迅速”。

12．A．farmers C．societies

B．theories D．animals

解析：本文中所列举的“insect，reptiles，mice”以及monkey都是动物(animal)。 13．A．stations C．results

B．generations D．experiments

解析：下一段介绍了，机器人发展的四个阶段。generation意为“代”。 14．A．serve C．settle

B．stay D．appear

解析：机器人具备充当(serve as)人类的多功能工具的能力。 15．A．weight C．intelligence

B．memory D．sense

解析：这一阶段的机器人就拥有了爬行动物的智力(intelligence)水平。下一句中的intelligence是提示。

16．A．recording C．dividing

B．improving D．processing

解析：到2020年，机器人将拥有每秒钟3亿条指令的信息处理(process)能力。本段第一句中的running是提示。

17．A．followed C．corrected

B．reached D．loaded

解析：到2030年以后，机器人的信息处理能力将达到(reach)每秒钟1 000亿条指令。 18．A．neighbor C．creator

B．parent D．enemy

解析：由空后的humankind可知，到那时，机器人将会被它的创造者(creator)——人类装备上类似于猴子智力水平的大脑芯片。

19．A．Finally C．Suddenly

B．Luckily D．Regularly

解析：经过以上三个阶段的发展，最终(finally)机器人将会发展到第四个(顶级)阶段。

20．A．collect C．discover

B．change D．equal

解析：到2040年，机器人将拥有同人类一样的智力，并在短时间内超过人类，然后它们就会与人类争夺对地球的霸权。equal在此为动词，意为“等于，与……相同”。

Ⅱ.阅读理解

A

Proper diet and regular exercise seem to be the only methods for losing weight.However, the importance of enough water should be added to the process.While medical science has proven the positive effects of water, most people still do not drink enough each day.

The reason why water is so important for weight loss has something to do with metabolism(新陈代谢) of fat.The liver(肝脏)is in charge of this process when it comes to turning stored fat into energy.However, the liver is also responsible for helping the kidneys (肾脏)that need enough water in order to function properly.The liver has to perform all the functions of the kidneys on its own when the kidneys are short of water.This means the liver doesn’t have enough energy to metabolize fat.So, drinking water allows the kidneys to focus on their job and the liver to focus on its job.

Also, studies have shown that water can make us feel full when drunk before meals.Without even making an effort, most people who drink a glass of water before a meal will eat 33% less.This is in part due to the fact that they simply get full quicker because the water is taking up space.The other reason is that the food will expand as soon as it hits the water-filled stomach.

Water is important to every aspect of the health of the human body.By drinking more water and improving the health of the body，the goal of losing weight can be achieved with greater ease.

文章大意：健康的饮食和经常锻炼对于减肥非常重要，但是足够的饮水也不容忽视。 1．Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage as a way to lose weight？__D__ A．Regular exercise. C．Balanced diet.

B．Drinking water. D．Medical care.

解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，减肥的方法包括经常锻炼、合适的饮食以及饮用足够的水，并未提到医学方法，故选D。

2．The liver has to take over the job of the kidneys when __A__ . A．the kidneys are lacking in water

B．there is something wrong with the kidneys C．the liver doesn’t supply energy for the kidneys D．there is no fat for the liver to metabolize

解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The liver has to perform all the functions of the

kidneys on its own when the kidneys are short of water.”可以得知，在肾脏缺水的情况下，肝脏要承担肾脏的功能，故A项正确。

3．Why can we lose weight by drinking water before meals？__B__ A．Because we don’t feel thirsty any longer. B．Because we eat much less than normal. C．Because the water takes up little space. D．Because the food becomes smaller.

解析：推理判断题。概括第三段内容可知，饭前喝一杯水可以让一个人的饭量减少33%，由此达到减肥的效果，故B项正确。

4．Which of the following is the best title for this passage？__C__ A．The liver is important to the kidneys B．How the digestive system works

C．Water is important for a healthy life and losing weight D．Several tips for losing weight

解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，可概括得知本文讲的是水对健康的生活和减肥都非常重要，故C项正确。

B

When international students arrive on campus，they are amazed at invitations to a variety of welcome events.The first few weeks are jam packed with opportunities to meet new people：both international students and locals.You probably are aware that there will be cultural differences，but most people don’t realize that one of the biggest differences may be when it comes to eating.American dining habits are quite different than many other countries abroad，so here’s a little preview of what to expect.

In many countries lunch-time is a sacred meal：a time when families come together to eat a hearty meal.However，as you will soon notice，lunch is not the most important meal of the day in the US.For most people lunch-time is squeezed in where it can be，the 30 minutes given to them by their job or before their next class.It is quite common to see people eating outside，wherever they can，or even having food with them to snack on during the day.

Another big shock for many when they arrive in the US is the “doggy bag” culture.“Doggy bag” culture refers to the fact that when you go out to eat at a restaurant and do not finish your meal (because the portions are huge！) you can ask for a box to take the leftover food home.

The idea of tipping in the US is supposed to be an act of generosity.If you have found your favorite restaurant near campus and want to become a regular customer，make sure to tip at every