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一、元音
前元音:[i:] [i] [e] [?]
前元音发音要领:舌尖抵下齿,舌前部向硬颚抬起,双唇不要收圆。 注意:[i:]是长元音,发长元音时要比发短元音长两倍以上。
[i:]①舌尖抵下齿,舌前部尽量向硬颚抬起。②嘴唇向两旁伸开,成扁平形。
with \ appreciate, equal, even, evening, evil, female, frequent, immediately, legal, meter, metre (BrE), previous, procedure, recent, region, secret, senior, sequence, species, vehicle final \ be - he - me - she - we
With magic e: athlete - compete - complete - concrete - delete - extreme - gene - scene - scheme - theme - these
with \beach - bead - beat - bleach - breathe - cheat - clean - cream - creature - deal - dream - each - easy - eat - feature - heal - heat - increase - jeans - lead (verb) - leader - leaf -
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lean - leave - meal - mean - meat - pea - peach - peak - please - reach - read - repeat - reason - reveal - scream - sea - seal - seat - steal - steam - stream - teach - team - treat - weak - weasel
with \agree - between - deep - degree - fee - feed - feel - fifteen - free - green - indeed - keep - meet - need - proceed - screen - see - seed - seek - seem - sheet - sleep - speech - speed - street - succeed - sweet - three - tree - week
with \ceiling - conceive - deceive – leisure (AmE) - perceive - receipt - receive with \achieve - belief - believe - brief - chief - field - niece - piece - relief - skied with \ gasoline - machine - magazine - police - routine - sardine - technique - vaccine others: key - people - ski - suite
[i] ①舌尖抵下齿,舌前部向硬颚抬起。② 发音短促,上下齿之间可容纳小指尖。 [e] ①舌尖抵下齿,舌前部稍抬起,比[i:]低。②牙床开得比[i:]宽,上下齿间可 容纳一个食指。
[?]①舌尖抵下齿。 ②双唇向两旁平伸,嘴张开比e大,两齿间可以容纳食指和中指。
中元音:[?] [?:] [?]
中元音发音要领:舌尖抵住下齿,但不如发前元音时抵得那样紧。舌身的中部隆起,扁唇(双唇不要收圆)。
[?:]①舌中部稍抬起。②双唇和发[i:]时相似。 [?] ①舌中部抬起。②牙床半开半合,短促有力。
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[?] ①舌中部稍抬起。②开口程度和[?]相似,唇形扁。
后元音:[ɑ:] [?] [?:] [u] [u:] 后元音发音要领:
①舌尖不触下齿,舌身后缩,舌后部向软颚抬起,除[ɑ:]外,双唇要收圆。 ②发[ɑ:][?:][u:]时要注意长度,不要发得太短。 [ɑ:] 舌尖不触下齿,口张大,舌身平放后缩。
[?] ①舌尖不触下齿,口张大,舌身尽量降低并后缩。②双唇稍稍收圆。 [?:] ①舌后部比发[?]时抬得略高。②双唇也收得更圆更小,并须用力向前突出。 [u] ①舌尖不触下齿, 舌后部向软颚抬起,舌身后缩。 ②双唇收圆,稍向前突出。 [u:] 双唇比发[u]时收得更圆更小,向前突出,舌后部比发[u]时抬得更高。
双元音:[ei] [ai] [?i] [?u] [au] [i?] [u?] [??] 双元音发音要领:
①由两个元音组成,发音时由第一个向第二个元音的部位滑动,但不完全到达第二个元音的部位。
②前重后轻,第一个元音响亮清晰。第二个元音轻弱模糊。 ③前长后短,第一个元音较长。第二个元音较短促。
[ei] ①由[e]向[i]滑动,但不到[i]的部位就停止发音。②发音过程中下颚和下唇向上移动。
[ai] ①[a]是个前元音(不是后元音[ɑ:]),和汉语普通话“a”音相似。②从[a]向[i]滑动。 [?i] ①开始部分舌位在[?]和[?:]之间。②由上述部位向[i]滑动,由圆唇变成扁唇。 [?u]由[?]向[u]滑动, 双唇由扁到略为收圆,但不到[u]的部位就停止发音。
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48个国际音标发音口型和练习单词句子
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