完形填空技法点拨 2.解题策略
【示例】
In our modern world, when something wears out, we throw it away and buy a new one.The__1__is that countries around the world have growing mountains of __2__because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before.
How did we__3__a throwaway society? First of all, it is now easier to__4__an object than to spend time and money to repair it.__5__modern manufacturing (制造业) and technology, companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively. Products are plentiful and__6__.
Another cause is our__7__of disposable (一次性的) products.As__8__people, we are always looking for__9__to save time and make our lives easier.Companies__10__thousands of different kinds of disposable products: paper plates, plastic cups, and cameras, to name a few.
Our appetite for new products also__11__to the problem. We are__12__buying new things. Advertisements persuade us that__13__is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. The result is that we__14__useful possessions to make room for new ones.
All around the world, we can see the__15__of this throwaway lifestyle. Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger.To__16__the amount of rubbish and to protect the__17__, more governments are requiring people to recycle materials.__18__, this is not enough to solve (解决) our problem.
Maybe there is another way out. We need to repair our possessions__19__throwing them away. We also need to rethink our attitudes about__20__.Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment.
【分析】文章主要讲的是堆积如山的垃圾给环境带来的影响。随着社会的发展,人们倾向于扔掉用旧了的东西,以新物品取而代之。而且,包装盒等一次性产品给人们带来方便的同时,也给环境带来很大的压力。
1.A.key C.project
B.reason D.problem
【解析】[句意:关键是世界各国日益堆积如山的垃圾。A.答案;B.原因;C.项目;D.问题。根
据第二行“the world...”可知,出现的问题是垃圾堆积如山,故选D。]
【答案】D 2.A.gifts C.debt
B.rubbish D.products
【解析】[句意:因为人们扔掉垃圾比以往任何时候都多。考查上下文逻辑关系。根据下文中的throwing out more rubbish可知。]
【答案】B 3.A.face
B.become
C.observe
D.change
【解析】[句意:我们如何成为一个一次性的社会?考查动词辨析。] 【答案】B 4.A.hide
B.control
C.replace
D.withdraw
【解析】[句意:首先,现在我们可以更容易地替换一个对象要比花时间和金钱来修复它更容易。] 【答案】C 5.A.Thanks to C.Except for
B.As to D.Regardless of
【解析】[句意:由于现代制造业和技术,公司能够迅速而廉价地制造产品。 考查介词短语辨析。A.幸亏;由于;B.至于;关于;C.除……之外;D.不顾;不管。]
【答案】A 6.A.safe C.cheap
B.funny D.powerful
【解析】[句意:产品丰富多样并且廉价。 考查形容词辨析。A.安全的;B.滑稽可笑的;D.强大的;强有力的;均不符合题意。]
【答案】C 7.A.love C.prevention
B.lack D.division
【解析】[句意:一次性的另一个原因是我们的爱(一次性的)产品。考查名词辨析。B.缺乏;C.预防;阻碍;D.部门;分割。]
【答案】A
8.A.sensitive B.kind C.brave
D.busy
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【解析】[句意:对于忙碌的人而言,我们一直在寻找方法来节省时间,让我们的生活更容易。 考查生活常识。A.敏感的;B.和蔼的;C.勇敢的。]
【答案】D 9.A.ways
B.places
C.jobs
D.friends
【解析】[句意:见8题。way to do sth为固定搭配。] 【答案】A 10.A.donate C.produce
B.receive D.preserve
【解析】[句意:公司生产成千上万的不同种类的一次性产品,如纸盘子,塑料杯,照相机,等等。 考查逻辑关系。A.捐赠;B.收到;D.保护;维持。]
【答案】C 11.A.adapts C.responds
B.returns D.contributes
【解析】[句意:我们的新产品需求也导致一些问题。 考查固定短语搭配。A.适应;改编;B.返回;回复;C.对……做出反应。D.contribute to “有助于;导致”。]
【答案】D
12.A.tired of B.addicted to C.worried about
D.ashamed for
【解析】[句意:我们热衷于购买新东西。考查固定短语搭配。A.对……厌倦;B.对……上瘾;迷恋于……;C.担心;D.为……感到惭愧。]
【答案】B 13.A.newer C.higher
B.stronger D.larger
【解析】[句意:广告说服我们:越新越好。我们会更乐于使用最新产品。 考查生活常识。] 【答案】A
14.A.pick up B.pay for C.hold onto
D.throw away
【解析】[句意:结果是,我们扔掉有用的东西,为新的物品腾出空间。 考查上下文逻辑关系。A.捡起;学会;B.付款;赔偿;C.紧紧抓住,抓住不放;保持住;D.扔掉,丢弃。]
【答案】D
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15.A.advantages C.functions
D.consequences
B.purposes
【解析】[句意:在世界各地,我们可以看到这种一次性生活方式的后果。考查名词辨析。A.优势;优点;B.目的;C.功能;D.后果;结果。]
【答案】D 16.A.show C.decrease
B.record D.measure
【解析】[句意:为了减少垃圾,保护环境,越来越多的政府要求人们回收材料。考查动词辨析。A.显示;表明;B.记录;记载;C.减少;D.测量;权衡。]
【答案】C 17.A.technology C.consumers
D.brands
B.environment
【解析】[句意:见16题。 考查上下文逻辑关系。由文章最后的take care of our environment可知。]
【答案】B
18.A.However B.Otherwise C.Therefore
D.Meanwhile
【解析】[句意:然而,这并不足以解决我们的问题。 考查副词辨析。A.可是;然而;B.否则; C.否则;D.与此同时。]
【答案】A 19.A.by C.after
B.in favour of D.instead of
【解析】[句意:我们需要修复我们的财产而不是丢弃。 考查介词和介词短语辨析。D.instead of代替,而不是。]
【答案】D
20.A.spending B.collecting C.repairing
D.advertising
【解析】[句意:我们还需要重新思考我们对消费的态度。 考查逻辑关系。由上文可知。] 【答案】A
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【解题策略】
根据完形填空“考查语境,突出语篇,注重实词”的命题原则, 其考查的热点主要是动词、名词、形容词和副词等词类,考查的角 度和考查方式通常以语境、搭配、常识、情景及篇章结构等为主。 解答不同类型的题目,可采用不同的解题技巧和解题方法。
技巧 1 语法分析
【典例 1】When I handed him the gift card,saying he could use it for 54 his family might need,he burst into tears.
A.whoever B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever 答案及剖析:
B 考查代词以及对语境的理解。whoever 无论谁;whatever 无论什么;whichever 无论哪一个;whenever 无论什么时候。动词 need 缺少宾语,此处表示“用于买他的家人可能需要的任何东西”,故用 whatever。
【典例 2】As a parent,I 29.hated seeing my daughter playing her best, 30 still defeated.
A.if B.or C.but D.as 答案及剖析:
C 考查语境中连词的辨析。由 playing her best和 still defeated 的语意逻辑,不难看出前后为转折关系。因此 C 项为正确答案。 利用语法知识,确定考查项目 通过分析句子结构来确定考查的语法项目,进而确定答案。
技巧2 背景常识
【典例 1】Imagine the first days in a new time zone.Slow to respond to the 28 ,your body clock is confused.
A.flight B.change C.demand D.climate
答案及剖析:B 考查名词辨析。flight 航班;change 变化; demand 要求 ;climate 气候。根据常识,人到了一个新时区时,
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2018年高考英语 完形填空技法点拨 2.解题策略
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