第2节 填料塔工艺尺寸的计算
填料塔工艺尺寸的计算包括塔径的计算、填料能高度的计算及分段
2.1 塔径的计算
1. 空塔气速的确定——泛点气速法
对于散装填料,其泛点率的经验值u/uf=0.5~0.85贝恩(Bain)—霍根(Hougen)关联式 ,即:
2?uF?at???Vlg??3??g?????L?
?wL???V??2??=A-K???? ?L??wV???L???14181418(3-1)
?u?100??1.1811?0.2??5997.24??1.1811?lg?1?0.0942?1.75?????????39.810.917998.26987.39998.2即:??????????
2所以:uF/9.81(100/0.9173)(1.1811/998.2)=0.2338
2FuF=3.866m/s 其中:
? uF——泛点气速,m/s; ? g ——重力加速度,9.81m/s2 ? ?t——填料总比表面积,m2/m3 ? ?——填料层空隙率,m3/m3 ?
?l?998.2kg/m3液相密度?V?1.1811kg/m气相密度 3
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? WL=5997.24㎏/h ;WV=6987.39kg/h ? A=0.0942; K=1.75; 取u=0.7 uF=2.7062m/s
4?5916?0.880m
3.14?2.7062?3600 D?(3-2)
圆整塔径后 D=0.9m 2. 泛点速率校核:u?5916?2.5845m/s
0.785?0.92?3600
u2.5845??0.669 uF3.866u则uF在允许范围内
3. 根据填料规格校核:D/d=900/50=18根据表3-1符合 4. 液体喷淋密度的校核: (1) (2)
填料塔的液体喷淋密度是指单位时间、单位塔截面上液体的喷淋量。 最小润湿速率是指在塔的截面上,单位长度的填料周边的最小液体体积流量。对于直径不超过75mm的散装填料,可取最小润湿速率
?Lw?min为0.08m3/m?h。
U?Umin??Lw?min?t?0.08?100?8m3/m2?hWL4? (3-3)
??L??D25997.24?9.449?8?Umin (3-4) 2998.2?0.785?0.9经过以上校验,填料塔直径设计为D=900mm 合理。
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2.2 填料层高度的计算及分段
Y1*?mX1?0.03679?0.7532?0.02771 (3-5) (3-6)
Y2*?mX2?0
2.2.1 传质单元数的计算
用对数平均推动力法求传质单元数
NOG?Y1?Y2=10.2342m ?YM1*12(3-7)
?YMY?Y??(Y???Y2*)
Y1?Y1*lnY2?Y2* (3-8)
0.05263?0.0002?0.027710.02492ln0.0002 = =0.005123
2.2.2 传质单元高度的计算
气相总传质单元高度采用修正的恩田关联式计算:
?????w??1?exp??1.45????t??l??427680??1?exp{?1.45????940896?0.75????0.75?Ul?????tl????0.12?UL?t???2???Llt????0.2??? ???0.05(3-9)
?9431.84752?100??9431.8471???????28???100?3.6??998.2?1.27?10?0.1??9431.8752???998.2?940896?100??}??0.2
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=0.3575
液体质量通量为:uL??4WL?D2WL?D2?5997.24?9431.8471kg/(m2?h) 20.785?0.96987.392?10989.0540kg/(m?h) 20.785?0.9气体质量通量为:uV??4?气膜吸收系数由下式计算:
kG?0.237(UV?t?v)0.7??t?DV?/??D?vvV???RT1313???
(3-10)
?10989.0504??0.06228??100?0.081??0.237??????
100?0.062281.1811?0.0818.314?293??????0.7=0.1280kmol/(㎡?h?kpa) 液膜吸收数据由下式计算:
23?1213
?U???????g?KL?0.0095?L??L??L???w?l???LDL???L?
23?12(3-11)
8?3.6?1.27?109431.8471??3.6????0.0095????????6?998.2?0.3575?100?3.6??998.2?7.34?10?? =0.5785m/h
因为??1.45
0.3575×100×1.451.1 KG??KG?W?1.1?0.1280×
=6.8864 kmol/(m3?h?kpa)
0.3575×100×1.450.4 KL??KL?W?0.4 =0.5785×
=24.00 kmol/(m3?h?kpa)
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????
13(3-12)
(3-13)
因为:
uuF =0.669
所以需要用以下式进行校正:
1.4????u'kG????1?9.5??0.5??kG???u? ??F??
??1?9.5?0.669?0.5?1.4??6.8864
=12.3157 kmol/(m3·h·kpa)
k'??u?2.2?l????1?2.6??0.5??kL? ???u?F???
=[1+9.5×(0.669-0.5)2.2]×24.00 =28.5634 kmol/(m3·h·kpa)
K1G??1
K'?1'G?HKL?
?1112.3157?10.725?28.5634 ?1125.5726?10.725?53.9078 =7.7228 kmol/(m3?h?kpa) HVOG?VKY???KG?P? ?233.787.7228?101.3?0.785?0.92?0.4700m
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(3-14)
(3-15)
(3-16)
(3-17)