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圣才电子书 十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台 第1章 语言学导论
1. Language, broadly speaking, is a means of ______ communication. 【答案】verbal
【解析】语言是一种口头交流的手段。
2. The term ______ originates from Malinowski’s study of the functions of language performed by Trobriand Islanders. It refers to the social interaction of language. 【答案】phatic communion
【解析】寒暄功能是指那些有助于确立和维持人际关系的表达，最先由Malinowski提出。
3. Human language is arbitrary. This refers to the fact that there is no logical or intrinsic connection between a particular sound and the ______ it is associated with.
【答案】Meaning
【解析】索绪尔认为符号的形式或声音与其意义之间没有逻辑联系，所以两者之间的关系是任意的。
4. The features that define our human languages can be called ______ features. 【答案】Design
【解析】人类语言区别于其他动物交流系统的特点是语言的区别特征，是人类语言特有的特
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www.100xuexi.com 征。
圣才电子书 十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台 5. Human languages enable their users to symbolize objects, events and concepts which are not present （in time and space） at the moment of communication. This quality is labeled as ______. 【答案】Displacement
【解析】移位性是指人类语言可以让使用者在交际时用语言符号代表时间和空间上不可及的物体、事件和观点。
6. By ______ is meant the property of having two levels of structures, such that units of the primary level are composed of elements of the secondary level and each of the two levels has its own principles of organization. 【答案】duality
【解析】双重性是指拥有两层结构的这种属性，底层结构是上层结构的组成成分，每层都有自身的组合规则。
7. Halliday proposes a theory of metafunctions of language, that is, language has ______, interpersonal and textual functions. 【答案】ideational
【解析】韩理德将儿童的语言功能范围逐渐缩小，简化成为一套高度符号化和抽象化的功能：概念、人际、语篇功能。
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圣才电子书 十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台 8. Our language can be used to talk about itself. This is the ______ function of
【解析】语言的元语言功能是指语言可以用来讨论语言本身。
9. ______ function is realized by mood and modality. 【答案】Interpersonal
【解析】人际功能通过语气情态实现。
10. When language is used for establishing an atmosphere or maintaining social contact rather than exchanging information or ideas, its function is ______ function.
【答案】Interpersonal
【解析】人际功能是语言最重要的社会功能，人们由此建立和维持他们的身份和社会地位。
11. One general principle of linguistic analysis is the primacy of ______ over writing. 【答案】speech
【解析】语言学研究是以口头为基础而不是书面。
12. When language is used for establishing an atmosphere or maintaining social contact rather than exchanging information or ideas, its function is ______ function.
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www.100xuexi.com 【答案】phatic
圣才电子书 十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台 【解析】寒暄功能是指那些有助于确立和维持人际关系的表达，例如俚语、玩笑、行话、礼
节性的问候、社会方言或地域方言的转用等。
13. Linguistics is usually defined as the ______ study of language. 【答案】scientific
【解析】语言学通常被定义为研究科学的语言，或对语言的科学研究.。
14. By duality is meant the property of having two levels of structures, such that units of the ______ level are composed of elements of the ______ level and each of the two levels has its own principles of organization. 【答案】primary, secondary
【解析】双重性是指拥有两层结构的这种属性，底层结构是上层结构的组成成分，每层都有自身的组合规则。
15. The branch of grammar which studies the internal structure of words is called ______.
【答案】Morphology
【解析】形态学研究词语的内部结构组织。
16. ______ mainly studies the characteristics of speech sounds and provides methods for their description, classification and transcription.
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www.100xuexi.com 【答案】Phonetics
圣才电子书 十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台 【解析】语音学研究语音，以及语音的描写和分类。
17. Semantics and ______ investigate different aspects of linguistic meaning. 【答案】pragmatics
【解析】语义学研究词作为词的意义，语用学是在语境中研究意义。
18. In linguistics, ______ refers to the study of the rules governing the way words are combined to form sentences in a language, or simply, the study of the formation as sentence. 【答案】syntax
【解析】句法学研究形成正确句子的规则。
19. ______ can be defined as the study of language in use. Sociolinguistics, on the other hand, attempts to show the relationship between language and society. 【答案】Pragmatics
【解析】语用学是在语境中研究意义。
20. The branch of grammar which studies the internal structure of sentence is called ______. 【答案】Syntax
【解析】句法学研究语言中组合成句子的支配规则，或简单地说，研究句子的构造。
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胡壮麟《语言学教程》配套题库(第4版)【章节题库】第1~3章【圣才出品】
