2019-2020学年人教版英语必修四新素养同步讲义：Unit 1 Women of achievement 2 Section Ⅱ Word版含答案

Section Ⅱ Warming Up & Reading—Language Points

achievement n．[C]成就；功绩

(经典例句)In the last few years，China has made great achievements in environmental protection.

在过去的几年里，中国在环保方面取得了巨大成就。 (1)a sense of achievement make an achievement (2)achieve vt. vi.

achieve one’s success achieve one’s goal

成就感 取得成就 完成；达到 成功 获得成功 达到目标

①Even a small success can give you a sense of achievement. 即便是小小的成功也能给你一种成就感。

②His laziness makes it impossible for him to achieve his goal. 他的懒惰使他不可能达到他的目标。 [即学即练]——单句语法填空

①The woman scientist was awarded the Nobel Prize for physics for those great achievements(achieve) made by her.

②We’ve had a good start, but more work needs to be done to__achieve(achieve) the final success.

connection n．[C]关系，联系；[C，U]连接，接通

(教材P1)Her research showed the connections between chimps and human beings. 她的研究表明了黑猩猩与人类之间的关系。 (1)There is a connection between A and B. have a connection with/to (2)connect vt.& vi.

A与B之间有关系/联系。 与……有联系

(把……)连接；(将电话)接通

be connected with 与……有关系/联系

①As is known to us, there is a direct connection between smoking and heart trouble. 众所周知，吸烟与心脏病之间有直接的关系。

②Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits. 健康问题与不良的饮食习惯密切相关。 [即学即练]——单句语法填空

①As far as I know, he has no connection(connect) with the accident. ②People all over the world usually connect China with silk and good food. campaign n．运动；战役 vi.作战；参加运动

(教材P1)Jody Williams helped found an international campaign to stop the making of landmines.

乔迪·威廉斯协助发起了一场停止制造地雷的国际运动。 (1)a campaign for/against a campaign to do... start a campaign (2)campaign to do...

一场争取/反对……的运动 一场为了做……而开展的运动 发起一场运动 为了做……而参加运动

①Some wealthy citizens were planning to start a campaign to protect the environment. 一些富有的市民正在筹划发起一场运动来保护环境。

②They are campaigning to prevent the wild animals being hunted. 他们正在开展一场阻止猎杀野生动物的运动。

[能力提升]——微写作

首相发起了一场反对在公共场合吸烟的运动。

The Prime Minister started__a__campaign__against__smoking__in__public． behave vt. & vi.举动；(举止或行为)表现

(教材P2)Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans.

简研究这些黑猩猩家族已经很多年了，她帮助人们了解了黑猩猩的行为跟人类的行为是多么相似。

(1)behave well/badly to/towards sb. behave oneself

对某人表现良好/糟糕 守规矩，表现得体

(2)well－behaved adj. badly－behaved adj. (3)behavio(u)r n.

表现好的 表现差的 行为；举止；习性

①Students should be encouraged to develop good habits and behave themselves. 应当鼓励学生养成良好的习惯，行为规矩。

②He told his pupils to behave well and not to chat while listening to a lecture. 他告诉他的学生们要举止得体，听讲座时切勿聊天。 [即学即练]——单句语法填空

①They behaved badly to/towards the guests, which made us very disappointed. ②In a word, I was quite pleased with his behavio(u)r (behave) at the party. [能力提升]——微写作

③(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)就我个人而言， 我们大家都应该注意公共场所的举止。 As far as I’m concerned, all of us should mind__our__behaviour__in__public__places. worthwhile adj.值得的；值得做的

(教材P2)However, the evening makes it all worthwhile. 不过到傍晚时分我们觉得这一切都是值得的。 (1)It is worthwhile to do/doing sth. (2)worth adj. be worth doing

做某事是值得的。 有……的价值，值得……的 值得去做

①I’d like to spend the money on a worthwhile career. 我想把钱花在有价值的事业上。

②It is worthwhile to spend/spending two hours reading the book. 花两小时读这本书很值。 [能力提升]——一句多译

就我个人而言，这本书很值得读。

①As far as I’m concerned, the book is__well__worth__reading．(worth)

②In my opinion, it__is__worthwhile__reading/to__read__the__book．(worthwhile) observe vt.观察；观测；遵守；庆祝；注意到

(教材P2)She spent years observing and recording their daily activities.

她花了多年时间观察并记录黑猩猩的日常活动。 observe sb. do sth. observe sb. doing sth. observe sb./sth. done observe＋that从句

观察到某人做了某事 观察到某人正在做某事 观察到……被…… 发现……

[一词多义]——写出下列句中observe的含义

①(江苏卷)Therefore, rules should be worked out and strictly observed.遵守 ②It is a tradition for the people here to observe the Spring Festival.庆祝

③The scientist devoted most of his lifetime to observing the behaviour of the chimps.观察 ④The thief was observed to open the window and run away.注意 [即学即练]——单句语法填空

⑤On the top of Mountain Tai, people excitedly observed the sun rising(rise) from the sea. ⑥The woman was observed to__follow(follow) him closely.

⑦Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still observe(observe) the traditional customs.

respect vt.& n．尊敬；尊重；敬意；方面

(教材P2)For forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals.

40年来，简·古道尔一直在呼吁世人了解并尊重这些动物的生活。 (1)show respect for sb. out of respect (for...) (2)respect sb.for sth.

(3)give/send one’s respects to sb.

in all/many respects

向某人表示敬意 在各个方面/在许多方面 尊重某人

出于(对……的)尊敬；顾及 因某事而尊敬某人

①I hope airlines can show more respect for passengers and improve service. 我希望航空公司能多尊重乘客并提高服务水平。 ②She is respected for her kindness and broad knowledge. 她因心地善良和知识广博而受到尊重。

[即学即练]——单句语法填空

①China is developing very rapidly in all respects(respect) and we’re all proud of our motherland.

②Out of respect, we’d better ask him for advice on this matter. [能力提升]——微写作

③(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)在中国， 我们认为尊敬长辈是很重要的。

In China, we attach great importance to__respecting/showing__respect__for__the__elderly. argue vt.& vi.讨论；辩论；争论；说服，劝告

(教材P2)She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements.

她主张应该让野生动物留在野外生活，而不能用于娱乐或广告。 (1)argue with sb.(over/about sth.) argue for/against sth. (2)argue sb.into doing sth. argue sb.out of doing sth. argue that... (3)argument n.

(就某事)与某人争 (辩)论 据理赞成/反对…… 说服某人做某事 说服某人不做某事 主张/认为…… 争论；争辩；争吵

①It’s no use arguing with him about the question for he won’t change his mind. 和他争论这个问题是没有用的，他不会改变主意。 ②He argued against the plan while his partner argued for it. 他反对这个计划，而他的搭档则支持这项计划。 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/写出标记部分的含义 ①As far as I know, they argue for the right to vote.

②After a long time of discussion, they accepted the agreement without argument(argue)． ③It is our task to argue them into leading a low-carbon life. ④I argue that every one of us should try to help those in need.主张 inspire vt.鼓舞；激发；启示

(教材P2)She inspires those who want to cheer the achievements of women. 她激励着那些想为女性的成就而欢呼喝彩的人。