精品文档
ng
A. works B. is working C. are working D. has been worki
46. Tom is the only one of the students who to Shanghai.
A. have gone
B. have been
C. has been
D. had gone
47. I, your good friend, will try my best to help you out.
A. who is
B. who am
C. that is
D. which am
48. The old man has two sons, are lawyers.
A. both of them
B. both of who
C. both of whom
D. bot
h of they
49. He is a man of great knowledge, much can be learned.
A. in whom
B. about whom
C. from whom
D. of whom
50. Do you know the man just now?
A. to who I nodded
B. I nodded to
C. whom I nodded
D. Wh
om I nodded to him
Passage One
There is so much more meaning to a message than what exists in the spo
ken or written words. For example, if a person says, “you know, Barbara, I really like you,” it has different meanings depending on whether it is said by man or a woman, in an office or a bar. Context, the tone of voice, the stress put on certain words, as well as the eye contact, physical distance, and the relationship between the speaker and the listener are all factors which give meaning to what’s being said. Sometimes, these factors can generate much more meaning than the words themselves. If a friend say to me, “Gee, I can’t wait to see the result of the upcoming election,” my interpretation of that message will be based upon my knowledge of my friend’s political views, the situation with the current campaign, and my ability to understand the meaning behind the tone of voice.
Our ability to understand such cue is developed without us being aware of
it through our process of socialization, Our interpretation of these cues just co
精品文档
精品文档
mes naturally. Every culture has its own set of culture cues that each member of that culture understands. It’s common how a person from culture A and a person from culture B interpret the very same words in totally different ways. Here are some examples:
When ”Sarcasm” Means “Sincerity”
Marsha thought things were going well with her new French friends, partic
ularly Bertrand. He often invited her to interesting and fun events, but he was often making fun of her. One day at an art exhibition, while looking at a particularly abstract piece, Marsha said that she couldn’t understand what the artist was trying to express. Bertrand smiled and responded, “Yes, I’m afraid French art is far too advanced for Americans to understand.” Marsha was upset; she really liked him and couldn’t figure out what caused him to frequently make fun of her. So, she asked her host mother about it. “My dear,” the host mother told her, “This means that he really likes you. In France, when someone feels comfortable enough to make fun of you, that mean that you have been welcomes as a very close friends.”
Joshua, an American student in Heredia, Costa Rican partner to meet for c
offee. When he asked what time they should meet, the response was “Nos encontramos ahora en elparquet”. “Ahora” literally means now. So, he grabbed his jacket and headed straight to the park where they agreed to meet. Half an hour later, his friend arrived without the least sigh of regret for being late. After discussing the matter with his Spanish teacher, Joshua learned that in Costa Rica, ”Ahora” means sometime within the hour. And, if people decide to meet someplace like park, it is no problem for one or the other to wait for a while because they will spend some nice time in the park, probably running into some other friends, or meeting someone friendly. When “Yes” Doesn’t Means “Yes”
Many business people might have experienced this frustrating situation in J
apan. Sarah, a young businesswoman from New York, was sent to Japan to close a big deal for her company. While giving her presentation, she became m
精品文档
精品文档
ore and more certain of sale because her Japanese business partners continually nodded their heads as she spoke. When she finished, she thought the deal was made and asked when they would like to sign the agreement. She was shocked when she was told that they were not yet sure if they wanted to make the deal or not. What Sarah did not know is that in Japan, nodding head does not necessarily mean “yes” as it does in the US. It can also mean “yes, I am listening and understanding what you are saying.”
These stories provide just a few examples of how language skills are simp
ly not enough to achieve effective communication in another culture. To get the most of your international learning experience, focus on gaining cross-cultural skills will enable you do the following: `understand how culture affects communication;
`deal with behavior that seems to you strange or offensive; `learn from your cultural adaptation process; `communicate more effectively.
These skills will also help you when you learn a new language. After all, language is s reflection of the culture from which it developed. 51. This passage tells us that .
A. sometimes, all the meaning of a message is revealed from the tone of
voice.
B. language skills can convey more meaning than you can understand. C. language skills alone are not enough for cross-cultural communication. D. meaning of a message only exist in the spoken or written words.
52. According to the passage, all the following statements are not true except .
A. We are born with the ability to understand the cultural cues.
B. Marsha’s French friend, Bertrand, didn’t like her and often laughed at h
er ignorance of the French atr.
C. Joshua learned that in Costa Rica, people are usually late for their appo
intments and won’t feel sorry for that.
精品文档
精品文档
D. Nodding in Japan is understood in quite a different way from that in
America.
53. The stories told in the passage show that language skills are not enough for people to communicate effectively in .
A. the same culture.
B. another culture.
C. family members.
D. in the same situation.
54. will also be helpful when we learn a new language.
Passage Two
The automobile has given people incredible freedom of movement. It enablA. Cross-cultural skills D. Communicating
B. Spoken language
C. Behavior study
es them to decide where they want to go and when. The automobile influences where people live and work and how they spend their leisure time. The striking changes in people’s lives created by the automobile began in the United States and have since spread across much of the globe, especially in developed countries. But even in developing nations, the automobile is increasingly reshaping patterns of living.
When the first automobiles were produced, only the well-to-do could affor
d them. Soon, however, prices declined as production increased in response to the growing demand. The lower prices put the automobile within reach of more and more Americans. Well-off urban residents found car ownership cheaper than keeping a horse and carriage. The growth in car ownership led to the building of more and better roads, which further increased travel throughout the nation. Before the development of automobiles, urban workers walked, bicycled, or rode horse-drawn vehicles to their jobs. But as roads improved and car ownership expanded, workers no longer had to live near their jobs.
During the 1920s, people in U.S. cities increasingly moved to the suburbs because of the freedom provided to the workers by automobile ownership. By the mid-1950s, even factories had begun to relocate in the suburbs. Wherever
精品文档
精品文档
people have easy access to automobiles, cars play a major role in social life and the choice of recreational activities. People find it fun to hop in the car and visit friends and relatives, whether the drive takes a few minutes, hours, or days. The automobile helps make it easy to organize picnics, family reunions, and other get-togethers. Trips by automobile to such places as theme parks, national parks, and mountain and seashore resorts are a favorite type of vacation for many people.
55. Which of the following is NOT a change brought by the automobile?
A. The freedom to go anywhere in the world. B. The changed way of entertaining ourselves in life. C. The growth of more and better roads.
D. The disregard of the existence of national borders.
56. What does the word “well-to-do” (Line 1, Para.2) mean ?
A. Excellent.
B. Well done.
C. Rich.
D. Better.
57. Which of the following is NOT a change directly created by automobiles?
A. More theme parks and national parks were set up. B. More city residents moved to suburban areas. C. More and better roads were built.
D. People have family reunions more frequently.
58. What is the author’s attitude toward automobiles?
Passage Three
To become a success in high tech Silicon Valley, Alan Aerts used low tecA. Negative.
B. Positive.
C. Neutral.
D. Indifferent.
h skills and hard work. He carried boxes of produce for a grocery store and sold bread to restaurants while launching a vending machine business that sells soft drinks and snack foods to workaholic computer engineers.
In 190, on his route as a bread salesman for a bakery, Aerts ran into the
owner of a Pac Man game control panel who was servicing his equipment at a restaurant in Oakland, California. Aerts, who always wore a shirt and tie on
精品文档
最新山东专升本真题-英语
