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Unit5 We are going to work as packagers on the assembly line
教学目标 语言知识目标
能识别packager,workshop,success,wrap的意思
能用social practice, hold, assembly line,wrap, dress, first.then, after that, the last来描述生产线上的工作过程 语法
能区分直接引语和间接引语
能使用say,tell, ask等词把直接引语变成间接引语
能注意到间接引语中人称、时态的变化，宾语从句的陈述语序等 语言技能目标
能识别流水线上的工作流程和具体工作内容 能用first, then, after that, at last描述工作流程 能读懂有关社会实践的文章并提取相关信息 能根据提示完成一份简单的实习报告 课时 ３课时
第一课时
１.对话及课文回顾 ２.重点词汇和语句
We are to start working right now. 我们马上就要开始工作了。 be to“根据计划将要做某事”
According to the timetable, we are to visit this farm this afternoon. 根据时间表，我们今天下午要参观这间农场。
start doing sth “开始做某事” 还可以用start to do sth,二者的主要区别如下： 〈１〉start 用进行时态是，后面用不定式to do.
I were starting to write my homework when my mother came home. 我妈妈回来时，我正打算写作业。
〈2〉谈及一项长期活动或开始一种习惯时，使用doing. How old were you when you first started playing the piano?
你几岁时开始弹钢琴？
〈3〉当start后接表示心理活动的动词，如understand, realize等，后接to do sth. I start to understand the truth. 我开始明白真相． We are going to work as packagers on the assembly line. 我们要到流水线上去做包装工人． work as 当… 作为…
He worked as a doctor in a famous hospital. 他在一间著名的医院当医生．
This mobile phone can work as a mini camera. 这个手机可以作为一个迷你相机．
First, some of us should get the doll from the line and dress it up. 首先，我们中的一些人要从流水线上把玩具娃娃拿下来，然后给他们穿上衣服． dress …up 给…穿上衣服
Sound easy “听起来不难” sound 作为系动词，意为：听起来，听上去(给人以某种印象)，
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常接形容词作表语，还可接名词，代词，介词短语或从句． This piece of music sounds beautiful.这音乐听起来很美． It sounds a good idea. 听起来是一个好主意．
During the program students took part in activities such as sales training, video and poster production, and selling environmentally-friendly bags.
项目中，学生们参加了很多活动，如销售培训,音像和广告制作，销售环保袋等． take part in 参加，参与
She took part in the Ninth School Sports Meeting.
她参加了第九届校运会．
…，were divided into three teams to sell the bags. 被分为三组来销售袋子． divide into把…分成
We should divide the class into two groups. 我们应该把学生分成两组．
Your task is to deliver all these bags. 你们的任务是把所有的袋子送出去． Who is in charge of the work? 谁负责这个工作？
Where should we start? 我们从什么地方开始？
第２课时
语法：直接引语和间接引语
一、 间接引语的概念和变化规律
1、间接引语是用自己的话去转述别人的话。
引用或转述别人说的话时，采用两种形式：一是一字不改地将别人的话加以引用，这叫直接引语；二是用自己的话加以转述，这叫间接引语。一般来讲，直接引语须放在引号内，间接引语不必用引号，而且多用宾语从句的形式表达。例如：
She said, “I was ill yesterday.”
→She said that she had been ill the day before.
由以上例句可以看出，直接引语变为间接引语时，不仅把直接引语变为宾语从句，增加连词that，而且还需相应地改变代词、动词和状语。如I 变成了she，was变成had been，yesterday变成the day before。
2、直接引语变为间接引语时，人称代词要根据转述人的立场作相应变动。
人称代词的变动情况要根据语境及转述人的不同作相应变化，一般情况下，与汉语中的变化相同。可记住一个口诀：“一主、二宾、三不变”。即第一人称按照主句中的主语变化，第二人称按照主句中的宾语变化，第三人称一般不需要变化。例如：
1) He said, “I am glad to see you.”
→He said that he was glad to see me.
2) “Do you know the man over there?” Mary said to Tom.
→Mary asked Tom if he knew the man over there.
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3) Jim said to me, “Jane left her schoolbag at home.”
→Jim told me that Jane had left her schoolbag at home.
3、间接引语中动词时态的变化。
1）当引述的动词为现在时形式时，间接引语中的动词时态不变。例如：
Tom says, “Our teacher is kind to us.”
→Tom says that their teacher is kind to them.
2）当引述的动词为过去时形式时，间接引语中的动词作如下变更：
一般现在时→一般过去时 过去进行时→不变
一般过去时→过去完成时 将来进行时→过去将来进行时
一般将来时→过去将来时 现在完成时→过去完成时
现在进行时→过去进行时 过去完成时→不变
He said, “I will leave for Beijing tomorrow.”
→He said that he would leave for Beijing the next day.
如果所转述的内容表示客观真理或有表示某一绝对具体的过去时间作状语，间接引语中动词的时态不变。例如：
The teacher said, “The earth is round.”
→The teacher said that the earth is round.
He said, “I was born in 1980.”
→He said that he was born in 1980.
4、直接引语变为间接引语时，指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和表示“方向”动词的变化。
this → that, these → those; now → then, today → that day, tomorrow → the next (following) day, next week → the next week, yesterday → the day before, last night → the night before, ago → before; here → there; come → go.
如果在当地转述， here不必改为there, 动词come不必改为 go； 如果在当天转述，yesterday，tomorrow等时间状语也不必改变。例如：
Kate said, “I will come here tomorrow to help these children with their English.”
→Kate said that she would go there the next day to help those children with their English.（不是在当天当地转述）
→Kate said that she will come here tomorrow to help these children with their English.（在当天当地转述）
二、当直接引语是陈述句时
直接引语是陈述句时，间接引语用that引导，但在口语中that可以省去。从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语和地点状语等要作相应的变化。例如：
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She said to me, “I came back an hour ago.”
→She said to/told me that she had come back an hour before.
三、当直接引语是一般疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句时
1、原句若为一般疑问句时，用whether或if 转述；原句若为选择疑问句时，用whether…or…/…or not；原句若为反意疑问句，则常用whether或if 转述。
2、疑问句语序变为陈述句语序。
3、主句中的谓语动词为said时，要改为asked；没有间接宾语时，可以加一个间接宾语（如me，him等）。
4、句末用句号。
5、从句中的人称、动词时态和状语等也要作相应的变化。
He said, “Are you interested in English?”
→He asked (me) if /whether I was interested in English.
I asked him, “Will you stay at home or go to a film tonight?”
→I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night.
“You’ve already got well, haven’t you?” she asked.
→She asked (me) whether/if I had already got well.
四、当直接引语是特殊疑问句时
如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，改为间接引语时，仍用原句中的wh-类的词引导，其余的变化同直接引语为一般疑问句的情况2—5条一样。例如：
“What is your name?” he asked me.
→He asked me what my name was.
He asked: “Where are you to get off, Peter?”
→He asked Peter where he was to get off.
如果在直接引语的特殊疑问句中，疑问词作主语或主语的修饰语，则语序不需要变化。例如：
“Whose picture is the most beautiful in your class?” asked the boy’s father.
→The boy’s father asked him whose picture was the most beautiful in his class.
五、当直接引语是祈使句时
直接引语为祈使句，变为间接引语可用如下的结构“主语+asked/advised sb. (not) to do sth.”。
1、需将原祈使句中谓语动词变成不定式。如果祈使句为否定句，则用不定式的否定形式，即在不定式前加not。
2、原主句谓语动词said须改为asked，told，ordered，warned或advised等含有祈使意义的
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能带宾补的及物动词。
3、原句有“please”时，主句谓语多用asked（请求），并去掉please。例如：
He said to me, “Shut the window, please.”
→He asked me to shut the window.
He said, “Don’t make so much noise.”
→He told us not to make so much noise.
如果以let开头的祈使句表示劝告或建议，可用“suggest + that从句”或“suggest doing”来转述。例如：
“Let’s go to the cinema.” Tom said.
→Tom suggested that they (should) go to the cinema.
→Tom suggested going to the cinema.
六、直接引语是感叹句时
直接引语是感叹句变间接引语时仍可用what或how引导，词序不变，也可用that 引导，将句子变成相应的名词性从句。例如：
She said, “What a lovely day it is!” →She said what a lovely day it was. →She said that it was a lovely day. 直接引语和间接引语练习题
将下列句中的直接引语改为间接引语 1. I said to/ordered my boy, “Go home.”
2. The doctor said to her, “Don’t eat too much fat.”
3. “Have you any difficulty?” he asked me.
4. He said/asked, “Is she coming?”
5. He said/asked, “Where have you been?”
6. “Why didn’t you tell me earlier?” I asked her.
7. He asked me, “How long will it take to go there by plane?”
8. He told/said to me, “Abraham Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809.”
9. He asked me, “Do you study English or French?”
10. He said, “How happy I am!”
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高教版中职英语基础模块第3册Unit5Wearegoingtoworkaspackagersonth
