2011考研英语词汇
第一部分 考研英语核心词汇
记单词时不要采用从A——Z的顺序，而是要灵活搭配，比如A和J， B和O，C和N，D和L等，这样记起来既不觉得累又有成就感。一定记住吴老师的建议：每天晚上看1-2页，把自己已经记住的暂时划出来，第二天早上无论多忙都要把前一天晚上看过的单词复习一遍，然后再分别过3天、7天、15天、30天各复习一遍，坚持下来，到考前一周看最后一遍时，你会觉得大部分单词都已经很熟悉了。另外，务必要把自己做过的历年真题或模拟题中的词汇题集中整理起来，这样的对比记忆特别有助于我们对近义近形词汇的辨析。这样坚持学习，双管齐下，一定会取得良好学习效果！ abide 遵循（…by）；容忍 The one thing she cannot abide is lying. abnormal 反常的 abnormal behavior
abolish 彻底废除（法律、制度、习俗等）abolish old custom abrupt 突然的，意外的 an abrupt departure
absolute 纯粹的，完全的 have absolute trust in sb. absorb 吸收，吸进 A sponge absorbs water.
abstract 抽象的 A flower is beautiful, but beauty itself is abstract.
absurd 荒谬的，荒唐的 The idea that number 14 brings bad luck is absurd. abuse 滥用 abuse one's authority(office) aaccelerate 加速，增速 accelerate one’s steps
access 接近（或进入）的机会 have regular and immediate access to the President accommodate 使适应，使符合一致 accommodate oneself to changed circumstances accompany 陪伴，伴随 She was accompanied to a dinner by her friend. accomplish 达到（目的），完成（任务），实现（计划，诺言等） accomplish one's purpose accord 使符合，相一致(with) His violent action do not accord with his peaceful words. account 记述，叙述 give a brief account of what has happened accumulate 积累，积攒，积聚 accumulate wisdom accurate 准确的，精确的 an accurate estimate
accuse 指控，指责 They accused her publicly of stealing their books. accustom 使习惯于 accustom oneself to rising (to rise) early acquaint 使认识，使了解 activate 使活动起来，使开始起作用，启动 They have planted secret agents in many countries
who could be activated whenever needed.
acute 尖锐的，敏锐的 an acute thinker
adapt （使）适应 adapt oneself to new conditions address 演说 a television address
adhere 黏附，附着 Paste is used to make one surface adhere to another. adjacent 临近的，毗邻的(to) a city and its adjacent suburbs adjoin 贴近，与...毗邻 His house adjoins the lake.
administrate 掌管，料理...的事务 In many Japanese homes, the funds are administrated by the
wife.
adolescent （尤指16岁以下的）青少年 a film aimed at adolescents advance 使向前移动 advance a chessman
advantage 有利条件，优点 Sitting Presidents hold built-in advantages when seeking another
term.
adverse 不友好的，敌对的 She felt adverse to her husband's friends. advocate 拥护，提倡，主张 advocate self-defence aesthetic 美学的，艺术的，审美 an aesthetic theory
affliliate 使隶属（或附属）于，使成为会员 a government affiliated company affirm 断言，申明 affirm the truth of a statement
aggravate 加重，加剧，恶化 aggravate the declining economy aggressive 侵犯的，侵略的 an aggressive weapon
agitate 搅动（液体等） The machine agitated the mixture. alarm 惊恐，忧虑 The bandits scattered in alarm.
alert 警惕的，留神的 In our reading we should always be alert for new usages. alien 外国的 adjust to an alien culture
allege 断言，宣称 The newspaper alleges the mayor's guilt. allocate 分配，分派，把...拨给 allocate funds for new projects allied 结盟的，有关联的 allied nations
allow 允给，准许，允许 He missed her more than he would allow himself to admit. allowance 津贴，补贴，零用钱 a housing allowance alter 改变，更改 alter an attitude
alternate 交替，轮流 Night and day alternate.
amateur （艺术，科学等的）业余爱好者 an amateur golfer amaze 使惊愕，使惊异 I am amazed that he should get the post. ambiguous 含糊不清的，模棱两可的 an ambiguous answer
ambition （对名利等的）强烈欲望，野心 His political ambitions still burn. amend 修改，修订 amend the spelling in sb.'s paper
amuse 逗乐，逗笑，给...提供娱乐（或消遣） The clown at the circus amused the children. anchor 锚 The anchor catches (drags).
announce 宣布，声称 It is officially announced that he will not run for reelection. annoy 使恼怒，使生气 She was annoyed at (with) his lightheard attitude. annual 每年的，年度的 the annual output of steel
anonymous 匿名的，无名的 an anonymous letter (phone call) answer 回答，响应 Henry took ages to answer the door.
anticipate 预期，预料 The directors anticipated a fall in demand (that demand would fall). anxious 焦虑的，发愁的(about, at) They become anxious at her delay. apart 成零碎 Such cheap clothes come apart after a few washings.
apparent 显然的，明明白白的 It was apparent that they all understood. appeal 呼吁，恳求 I appealed to the children to make less noise.
applaud 鼓掌，喝彩，叫好 The audience applauds the performers for three minutes. apply 涂，敷 He applied two coats of paint to the table.
appoint 任命，委派 They appointed his father (to be 或as) postmaster. appraise 估量，估计 appraise the infant's weight
appreciate 感激 I appreciated your help much.
apprehend 对...担心 Do you apprehend that there will be any difficulty? approach 靠近，接近 John is approaching manhood.
appropriate 恰当的，相称的 Plain, simple clothes are appropriate for school wear. approve 赞成，同意 I couldn't approve his conduct.
approximate 大概的，大约的，近似的 The approximate time is 10 o'clock.
apt （习性）易于......的，有......倾向的 A careless person is apt to make mistakes. arbitrary 随心所欲的，个人武断的，任意的 an arbitrary choice arise 起立，起身 arise from one's seat
arouse 使......奋发 A man like Tom will be aroused. Don’t worry. array 排列，队形 The troops were formed in battle array.
articulate 发音清晰的，善于表达的 He is articulate about everything in the field of
economics.
artificial 人工的，人造的，人为的 artificial price controls ascend 登高，（渐渐）上升，升高 The airplane ascended into the cloud. ascertain 查明，弄清，确定 I ascertained that he was dead. ashamed 惭愧的，羞耻的 I am ashamed for being so stupid. ashore 向岸，向陆地 He swam ashore. aside 在旁边 We stood aside to let her pass.
assault 攻击，袭击 We made an assault on the enemy fort.
assemble 集合，召集 assemble the members of Parliament for a special meeting. assert 肯定地说（出），坚定地断言 He asserted his innocence. assess 估价，评价，评论 assess the present state of the economy assign 分配，布置（作业） The teacher assigned (us) a new lesson. assimilate 吸收，消化 He is quick to assimilate new ideas. associate （使）联系，（使）结合 We naturally associated the name of Darwin with the doctrine
of evolution.
assume 假定，假设 Farmers will have a bumper harvest, assuming (that) the weather si
favarable.
assure 深信不疑地对......说，向......保证
assurance 保证，把握，信心 He gave me his assurance that he would help. astonish 使惊讶 I was astonished at his sudden appearance. attach 系，贴，连接 attach a label to a suitcase attain 达到，获得 attain one’s goal
attend 出席，参加（会议等） attend a wedding
attendance 出席，参加，出席人数，出席率 Our class has perfect attendance today. attentive 注意的，专心的 an attentive audience
attribute 把归因于，把......（过错的责任等）归于(to) He attributed his success to hard work. auxiliary 辅助的 an auxiliary rocket
avail 有利于，有助于 Will force alone avail us?
average 平均数，平均 The paper receives an average of nearly 100 articles a day. avert 挡开，防止，避免 Many traffic accidents can be averted by courtesy. awake 醒，觉醒 awake from sleep
award 授予（奖品等） The university awarded him an honorary degree.
ban （以官方明令）禁止，取缔 He was banned from entering the city. bang （突发的） sudden loud bang bar 条，块，杆，棒 a bar of gold
bare 赤裸的，光秃的，空无内容的 walk in bare feet
beforehand 预先，事先 If you wanted soup for lunch you should have told me beforehand. behave 举止端正，听话 Do behave.
bewilder 使迷惑，使糊涂 I’m bewildered as to which one to buy. bias 偏见，偏心 have a bias against sb.(或sth.)
blame 责备，责怪 Public opinion blames Mrs Smith for leading the girl astray. blast 一阵（风），一股（气流） a blast of wind blaze 火焰 The fire sprang into a blaze.
blunt 钝的 The sun was blazing down and the heat was oppressive. blush （因害羞、激动、窘困）脸红 blush with(或for) joy boast 自吹自擂，自夸的话 He is full of boasts. bolt 螺栓，（门，窗的）插销 a small bag of nuts and bolts
boom 低沉有回响的声音 The great bell tolled with a deep boom.
border 边界，边境，边沿 a district on the Kampuchean side of the border with Thailand bore 钻孔，挖（通道） bore through a wall
bounce 弹起，反弹 The ball doesn’t bounce well.
bound 跳跃，弹回 She bounded to her feet and waved her right hand triumphantly. boycott （联合起来）抑制，拒绝参加 boycott uncooperative manufactures brace 托架，支架 He braced his muscles and lifted the weight. breed （使）繁殖 Rabbits breed families rapidly. bribe 贿赂 accept(或take)a bribe from sb.
brief 短暂的，简短的，简洁的 a brief holiday brisk 轻快的，生气勃勃的 a brisk pace brittle 易碎的，一碰就破的 brittle glass brush 刷子，毛刷 a laundry brush
bump 碰，撞(against, into) The truck bumped against the wall in the dark. burst 爆炸，爆裂 The boiler burst.
calculate 计算，推算 calculate the distance between New York and Chicago call 喊，叫 Please call the names of all the people who are present. cancel 取消，废除，删去 cancel a trip capture 俘虏，捕获 capture butterflies
case 事例，事实，事情 This is a case of poor judgment.
cast 投，扔，抛，撒，掷 cast doubt(s) on the feasibility of a scheme casual 偶然的，无计划的，随便的，非正式的 a casual meeting cease 停止，终止，结束 The music ceased suddenly.
certify 证明，证实 The accounts were certified (as) correct.
challenge 向...挑战 Our school challenged the local champion team to a football match. character （事物的）性质，特质 The furniture in Tom’s apartment was pretentious and without
character.
charge 要（价），收（费） The airlines charge half price for students. charm 魅力，魔力 This thriving resort town has retained its village charm.
chase 追逐，追求 The police chased the escaping thief and caught him at last. check 使突然停止，制止 check one’s steps cherish 珍爱，珍视 cherish one’s native land chew 嚼，咀嚼 He chewed a mouthful of meat. choke 窒息，噎住 be choked by smoke chorus 合唱队
chronic （疾病）慢性的，（人）久病的 chronic indigestion clarity 澄清，阐明 clarify an issue
cling 粘着 The frightened child clung to her mother. clumsy 笨拙的 a clumsy boy
cluster （果实，花等的）串，束，簇; (人或物)的群，组 a cluster of tourists clutch 紧抓，紧握 clutch at an opportunity
coherent 一致的，协调的 lack coherent political goals coin 硬币，钱币，金属货币 a silver coin
coincide 相符，相一致 100 Centigrade coincides with 212 Fahrenheit.
collaborate （尤指在文艺、科学等方面）合作，协作 He and I collaborated in writing plays. collapse 倒坍，崩溃，瓦解 The roof collapsed under the weight of the snow. collide 碰撞，互撞 The car collided with the truck. come 来，来到 Will you come to the dance tonight? commemorate 纪念，庆祝 commemorate a holiday commend 表扬，称赞 commend a soldier for bravery compact 紧密的，坚实的 a compact piece of luggage
compare 比较，对照(with, to) compare the body to a finely tuned machine
compatible 能和睦相处的，合的来的 You should choose a roommate more compatible to
your tastes.
compile 汇编，编制 compile an anthology of poems
comply 遵从，顺从，服从 comply with rules(safety regulations)
compose 组成，构成 England, Scotland, and Wales compose the island of Great Britain. compress 压缩 He compresses a lifetime as a soldier into a few sentences comprise 包含，包括 The shipyard comprises three docks.
compromise 妥协，折衷 compromise over the hard-fought next. compulsory 必须做的，义务的 a compulsory subject
conceal 隐藏，隐瞒，隐蔽 He concealed his disappointment from his friends. conceive 构想出，设想 conceive an idea
concentrate 集中，专心 concentrate one’s attention condemn 谴责 We all condemn cruelty to children. condense （使）压缩，（使）凝结，使简洁 condense a speech to half confer 商谈，商议 confer with sb. Over (on, about, concerning) sth. confess 坦白，供认，承认，忏悔 confess one’s crime confidence 信任 break sb.’s confidence
confine 限制，使局限 They succeeded in confining the fire to a small area. confirm 证实，肯定 confirm a rumour
conflict （尤指长期的）战争，战斗 The conflict between Greece and Troy lasted ten years. conform 遵照，适应 confirm to(或with) the rules(the law)
2011考研英语词汇
