考研英语冲刺试卷
考试时间：180分钟
满分:100分
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
You probably have a long mental list of moments and facts you wish you could remember-一but actually you cannot. The good news. 1 . is that while such memories may be currently 2 , they are not entirely gone, and could
theoretically be 3 .according to a new brain research. In the study, biologist Jeffrey Johnson 4 16 college participants through an FMRI machine (which 5 nervous activity via blood flow) to compare brain patterns 6 memory formation and recall. First, he showed the students various common words and had them 7 a few tasks: say the word backwards in your head, 8 its uses, and picture how an artist would 9 it. Then, 20 minutes later, after the students re-entered the FMRI machine, Johuson showed them the list of words and asked them to recall 10 they could from before? Finally, he compared brain activity from both 11 and what he found will surprise you.
Using 12 is called \： it，s possible to 13 a unique pattern of brain activity to every individual thing we do. This means that when a participant says the word “apple\14 pattern of brain activity is different than when he pictures the fruit.
J_5_ interestingly, there is close similarity between the pattern that
emerges when vve 16 an activity and when we later recall it. The stronger our memory, the 17 the pattern, but as Johnson found, even at a moment 18 we cannot remember anything, our nerve cells still fire in a way that 19 the activity of when we formed the memory. This 20 that sometime in the future we may be able to retrieve the memories we thought we'd lost foreve匚
1. [A]although 2. [A]forgetful 3. [AJretrieved 4. [A]let 5. [A]measures 6. [A]between 7. [A]assign 8. [A]bring forward 9. [AJpredict 10. [A]however
[B]rather [B]absent [BJrecognized [B]put [Bjcalculates [B (during [B]display [BJthinkof [B| manifest [B] whenever
[C]though [C]faultless [CJclaimed [C]ran [C]assesses [C]across [C]perfdrm [C]check out [CJdepict [C] whatever
d
[D]therefore [D] unavailable [DJaccumulate|D]got [D]evaluates [D]throughout [D]overtake [D]catch on [DJspecify [D] whichever
11. [AJprocedures 12. [A]which 13. [A]attach 14. [A]controversial 15. [A]Even 16. [A]set about 17. [A]stronger 18. [A]when 19. [AJhampers
[B]sessions [B]that [B]subject [B]relevant [B]But [B]sit for [B]closer [B]that [B]distinguishes [B]implies
[C]progresses [C]as [C]submit [CJparticular [C]So
[CJengage in [C] further [CJwhich [C]duplicates [C]entails
[D]sections [DJwhat |D]stick [D]associated [D]As
[D]go through [D]weaker [D]as [D]resembles [D]exclaims
20. [AJhighlights
Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)
Text 1
Communication has changed dramatically over the past half-century. The term \early 196(Xs to describe the ways in which the electronic age was reshaping the rapidity and pervasiveness with which information is disseminated across the world. Now, with the enormous growth of the Internet and other forms of digital conununication, that idea is all the more applicable? New technology has changed the ways we receive information and the ways we collect ancl store it.
If you look to past centuries, people have had to rely on word-of-mouth as a way of finding out news beyond their own towns. History itself was passed along through specialized individuals who memorized names and events from the previous centuries. The most well known form of history is myth, which comes from the Greek word for \： Many of these stories have been very influential and continue to be read and studied in our own times: the famous examples are the works of the Greek poet Homer.
Many techniques are used to preserve a story, event, history, or myth from generation to generation. Symbols are used as devices to trigger a common connection in the listeners? Repetition of names and families throughout a single story are used as a way to keep important information fresh in the niind. The reliance on a conunon tradition or reference within a particular culture allows the storyteller to get more meaning across with the fewest words said? These are all memory aids that serve to allow both the teller and the listener to fully realize a story that may have its origins hundreds of years in the past. For instance, native peoples in North America's Northwest Territory have passed down detailed methods for hunting and storing of reindeer and whale that include geographic information that still hold relevance today.
The need for an oral tradition has diminished in practical value with the advent of the written text and the rapid growth of computers as a means of disseminating information. There are many harmful side effects to the loss of this practice? Younger generations can become alienated from their cultural identity and knowledge about customs, tradition, mores, the
natural world and history will disappear. This is especially true in aboriginal cultures such as in Native American, Native Australian and South American peoples, where assimilation into the dominant culture can come at the cost of historical customs.
Since the prevalence of the written word, and later inventions that have made passing along the printed word easier, the demands on our memory as a means of cataloging facts and historical data has been considerably reduced. However, the techniques used for hundreds of years by those whose job it was to keep these histories alive have a deeply ingrained influence on us today. Keeping that knowledge and those traditions alive is very important. Spend a moment recalling a memory of an oral tradition in your family history that has impacted your education- How has this oral tradition affected you?
21. The term “Global Village'' implies that ____________ ? [A] the electronic technology is developing rapidly [B] the 1960s witnessed the birth of electronic rapidly [C] modern IT has eliminated geographical barriers
[D] digital technique has found diverse application
22. Centuries ago. information distribution was ____________ ? [A] caiTied out by mouth-to-mouth messages [B] conducted more by speaking than by writing [C] confined in small and enclosed districts [D] dependent on specialized individuals
23. The text indicates that myth ___________ ? [A] is the true record of ancient history
[B] is handed down by means of various symbols [C] saves key in formatio n for later gen erations
[D] characterizes a nation^ common tradition
24. The author asserts that modem communication means can____________ ? [A] result in the alienation of younger generation [BJdeprive the youth of their national identity
[C] lead to the extinction of myth and customs [DJcause destruction of myth and customs 25. The best title for the text may be ____________ ? [A] The Drastic Change in Communication [B] The Impact of Computer on Our Life [C] The primary Value of Oral Tradition [D] The Function of Myth and History
Text 2
Technology is a two-edged sword? Rarely is this as clear as it is in the realm of health care? Technology allows doctors to test their patients for genetic defects—and then to turn around and spread the results throughout the world via the Internet. For someone in need of treatment, that's good news? But for someone in search of a job or an insurance policy, the tidings can be all bad?
Last week President Bill Clinton proposed a corollary to the patients9 bill of rights now before Congress: a right to medical privacy. Beginning in 2002, under rules set to become law in February, patients would be able to stipulate the conditions under which their personal medical data could be revealed? They would be able to exanune their records and make corrections. They could learn who else had seen the information. Improper use of records by a caregiver or insurer could result in both civil and criminal penalties? The plan was, said Clinton, “nn unprecedented step toward putting
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