中考英语试卷分类汇编英语 语法填空(含答案)
一、英语语法填空
1．阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Greetings from Madrid! I can't believe I'm finally here! The trip from Hong Kong ________ (be) long and tiring, but I made it. My hotel is nice and I am staying in a guesthouse in the central area of Madrid. I got a cheap and simple room, much ________ (small) than my own room back home. It only has a small bed and shower, ________ it is quite comfortable to stay in. The weather here is wonderful. It's warm and sunny, ________ clear blue skies every day. It's great for sightseeing, because there are a lot of things to see and do. I've found a friendly guide here and yesterday I ________ (show) around the city. Tomorrow he will take ________ (I) to Andalusia to visit the city of Granada. I can't wait ________ (see) the Alhambra Palace and other places of interest. Also, I ________ (real) want to try the food there-especially gazpacho, ________ kind of cold soup which I hear is special, very different from anything else in Spain. I'll bring you back some ________ (present).See you next month! Love, Jamie 【答案】 was；smaller；but；with；was shown /was showed；me；to see；really；a；presents
【解析】【分析】文章大意：杰米从香港去西班牙的马德里旅行，这是他写给朋友的信，介绍了他在西班牙的的首都——马德里的行程。
（1）句意：从香港来这里的旅游很长且疲惫。根据 but I made it ，可知句子时态为一般过去时，主语trip为单数，be的形式应使用was，故答案是was。
（2）句意：我们找到了一个便宜的简单地房间，比我们家里的房间小多了。根据than可知应使用形容词的比较级，small的比较级为smaller，故答案是smaller。
（3）句意：它只有一张小床和淋浴，但是住进去相当舒服。根据前后连句话的意思看，不是一致的，应使用转折连词过度一下，能够表示转折的词but，故答案是but。
（4）句意：每天天气晴好暖和，还有晴朗的蓝天。clear blue skies作为伴随性的状语出现，应使用介词with连接，有……，表伴随，故答案是with。
（5）句意：在这里我找到了一个友好的导游，昨天领着我参观了城市。结合语境考虑可知是导游领着我参观，我是被带领的，因此使用被动语态，被动语态的结构是be done，根据yesterday可知为过去时，be的形式为was，show的过去分词为showed或者shown，故答案是 was shown /was showed 。
（6）句意：明天他将带我去安达卢西亚去参观格拉纳达市。I 在句中作take的宾语，应使用宾格人称代词，将I 改为me，故答案是me。
（7）句意：我迫不及待要看阿尔罕布拉宫和其他的名胜古迹。 can't wait to do sth.固定搭配，迫不及待做某事，应使用动词不定式，故答案是to see。
（8）句意：我也真的想品尝一下那里的美食——西班牙凉菜。real修饰动词want，因此使
用副词形式，real的副词为really，故答案是really。
（9）句意：一种凉汤，我听着就很特殊，kind可数名词，因为使用了单数形式，且起始音为辅音，应使用不定冠词a，故答案是a。
（10）句意：我将给你带回一些礼物。present可数名词，根据some可知应使用复数形式，故答案是presents。
【点评】考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格掌握其大意，然后根据文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，主意考虑句型，语法，搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍检查验证。
2．根据短文内容及所给提示，补全文中单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空。
Anna was a 9-year-old girl from a small village. It was the ________ (one)day of her school in town. W________ seeing her simple clothing and knowing her identity(身份), other students laughed at Ann. Then the teacher told everyone to write d ________ the 8 wonders of the world. Everyone except Anna handed in ________ (they) answer papers. The teacher came to her, \worry. Just write. ________ you have known. \replied \are so many ________ (thing) Which 8 wonders can I pick to write?\
Most students answered ________ (correct)-the Great Green Wall of China, the Great Pyramid of Giza, the Leaning Tower of Paris… Finally the teacher ________ (start) reading Anna's answer, \Learn! \
The girl from a small village reminded them ________ the precious(宝贵)gift in their life, which were true wonders.
【答案】 first；When；down；their；What；things；correctly；started；silent；of 【解析】【分析】文章大意：课上老师让学生写出世界上的八大奇迹，一个来自农村的小女孩的答案与众不同，他的答案提醒了我们生活中真正的礼物是什么。那才是真正的奇迹。
（1）句意：这是她在镇上上学的第一天。根据the可知应会使用序数词，one的序数词为first，故答案是first。
（2）句意：当看到她简单的服装并且知道她的身份时，其他同学就嘲笑她。根据两个句子的意思可知，该句是一个时间状语从句，根据首字母w可知应会使用when，故答案是When。
（3）句意：老师然每个人写下世界上的八大奇迹。write down固定短语，记下，写下，故答案是down。
（4）句意：除了安娜每个人都把他们的答卷交上去了。they在这里作定语修饰answer papers，因此应使用形容词性物主代词their，故答案是their。
（5）句意：就写你所知道的。句子为宾语从句空缺处作从句的宾语，应使用从属连词what，故答案是what。
（6）句意：安娜回答到：有那么多的东西，我从中选八个吗？根据many可知thing应使用复数形式things，故答案是things。
（7）句意：大多数同学回答正确。correct在这里修饰动词answered，应使用副词形式，
correct的副词形式为correctly，故答案是correctly。
（8）句意：最后，老师开始看安娜的答案。本文的基本时态是一般过去式，在这里应使用start的过去式started，故答案是started。
（9）句意：全班都保持沉默。kept在这里是连系动词，后面跟形容词作表语，因此将silence改为silent，故答案是silent。
（10）句意：这个来自乡村的小女孩提醒我们生活中宝贵的礼物，那才是真正的奇迹。remind of提醒，固定搭配，故答案是of。
【点评】考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍检查验证。
3．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 It is ________ (say) if you do not use your arms or your legs for some time, they become weak. When you start using them again, they ________ (slow) become strong again. Everybody knows that. Yet many people do not seem to know that memory works in ________ same way. When someone says that he has a good memory, he really means that he keeps his memory in practice ________ using it. When someone else says that his memory is poor, he really means that he does not give it enough chance ________ (become) strong.
If a friend says that his arms and legs are weak, we know that it is ________ (he) own fault. ________ if he tells us that he has a poor memory, many of us think that his parents should be responsible, and few of us know that it is just his own fault.
Have you ever found that some people ________ can't read or write have better memories? This is because they cannot read or write and they have to remember things; they cannot write them down in a little notebook. They have to remember days, names, songs and ________ (story); so their memory is the whole time being exercised. So far a study has ________ (show) that if you want to have a good memory, learn from the people: practice remembering. 【答案】 said；slowly；the；by /through；to become；his；But；who /that；stories；shown /showed
【解析】【分析】本文讲述人的记忆力和自己的肢体一样不用会变差。
（1）句意：据说如果你的胳膊和腿一段时间不用，就会变差。it is said据说，固定搭配。故填said。
（2）句意：当它们再次被使用，又会慢慢变强壮。副词修饰动词。become动词，用slow的副词slow连用“慢慢地”修饰。故填slowly。
（3）句意：但是许多人时候不知道记忆用同样的方式工作。in the same way用同样的方式，same要the连用。故填the。
（4）句意：当有人说他有记忆好，他实际意思是他通过使用它来保持记忆得到运用。分析此句，可知缺少方式状语，by/through 通过，by/through using it，通过使用它，作方式状语。故填by/through。
（5）句意：当有人说他记忆力差，他实际意思是他没有让他的记忆力变强的足够机会。用动词不定式作chance的后置定语。chance to do sth，做某事的机会。故填to become。
（6）句意：我们知道这是他自己的错误。one'own某人自己的，根据提示可知，he对应的形容词性的物主代词是his。故填his。
（7）句意：但是如果他告诉我们他记忆力不好。我们中的许多人会认为他的父母应该有责任。前后句 是转折关系，此处应用but，但是。且放在句首，首字母大写。故填But。 （8）句意：你曾经发现过一些不会读也不会写字的人有好的记忆力吗？此处考查限制性定语从句，先行词是people，人，从句缺少主语，引导词用who/ that 。故填who/ that 。 （9）句意：他们必须记住日子，名字。歌和故事。story故事，可数名词，根据and连接的成分要一致，根据 days, names, songs ，可知story在此用其复数形式。story的复数是stories。故填stories。
（10）句意：到目前为止，一项研究显示如果你想记忆力好。向他人学习：练习记住。根据so far，可知用现在完成时，其结构为have+done，show的过去分词是showed/shown。故填showed/shown。
【点评】考查语法填空。首先理解文章大意，答题的过程中，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后得出正确的答案。
4．阅读下面短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词或情态动词。 Have you ever seen a hitchhiker (搭便车的旅行者) ________ (stand) by the side of a road? Now drivers in Canada might see an unusual hitchhiker: a hitchhiking robot.
One of its ________ (invent), David Harris Smith, has hitched across Canada three times. Smith and a friend, Frauke Zeller, have built Hitchbot because they wanted ________ (see) if people would stop and give the robot a lift and talk to it. The robot ________ (chat) about things it had learned, and about ________ (it) trip. You might think it's a joke, but Smith and Zeller's experiment has a serious point: can robot and people get along?
Hitchbot ________ (begin) its journey in Nova Scotia in July. It has already completed one ________ (three) its 6, 000-mile trip to Victoria. More than 57,000 people are following its journey closely on Facebook and Twitter, and travelers have posted lots of photos on the websites. Hitchbot ________ (do) some shopping, eaten motor oil and had fun with travelers. Nobody ________ (know) when it will finish its journey. It might be longer than expected, but Zeller and Smith want Hitchbot to get as ________ (many) rides as it can. It hasn't been in a self-driving car yet, but anything is possible!
【答案】 standing；inventors；to see；can chat；its；began；third；has done；knows；many
【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍了在加拿大，有一个新型的搭便车的旅行者——搭便车机器人，这个机器人能通过搭便车来学习新知识。
（1）句意：你见过站在路边搭便车的旅行者吗？stand，站立，动词，此处是现在分词短语作后置定语。故答案为：standing。
（2）句意：其中一个发明者，大卫搭便车去过加拿大三次。 invent ，发明，动词，one of 后跟名词复数，根据 David Harris Smith 指人，可知此处指，发明者inventor，故答案为：inventors。
（3）句意：史密斯和朋友泽勒制作了一个机器人因为他们想看是否人们会停下来给机器人一个礼物并且给它谈话。see，动词，看，want to do sth.想要做某事，固定短语，故答案为：to see。
（4）句意：机器人能谈论关于他学到的东西，和关于它的旅行。chat，谈论，动词，此处指机器人的能力，能做某事，故答案为：can chat。
（5）句意：机器人能谈论关于他学到的东西，和关于它的旅行。根据trip旅行，名词，前面用形容词性物主代词修饰名词，it它，主格，its形容词性物主代词，故答案为：its。 （6）句意：机器人在七月在新斯科舍开始了它的旅行。begin，开始，动词，根据时间状语in July可知句子时态是一般过去时，故答案为：began。
（7）句意：它已经完成了到维多利亚6,000多里中三分之一的旅行。three，三，基数词，分数的表达方式，分子是基数词，分母是序数词，三分之一，分母三用序数词，three基数词，序数词third，故答案为：third。
（8）句意：机器人购物，加油并且和旅游者玩得很高兴。do，做，动词，根据 eaten motor oil and had fun with travelers. 可知句子时态是现在完成时，主语是第三人称单数，故答案为：has done。
（9）句意：没有人知道它什么时候会结束它的旅程。know，知道，动词，根据主从句时态的一致，从句是一般将来时，可知主句是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，故答案为：knows。
（10）句意：它可能会被预期的长，但是泽勒和史密斯想要机器人去进行尽可能多的旅程。many，许多的，形容词，as...as中间跟原形，形容词的同级比较，故答案为：many。 【点评】此题考查语法填空。我们先跳过空格阅读短文，理解短文大意。然后仔细阅读每个句子，根据英语语法知识和固定短语，用所给词的正确形式填空。
5．根据短文内容及所给提示，在文中空白处填写一个正确单词。
This is a true story. Debbie and her husband, Billy, had an ________ (argue) about another woman—his mother. \
Billy replied, \meet you and the two lovely granddaughters.\
\Restaurant for tomorrow at 7: 00 p. m.\ \know, it's Mother's Day.\________ was something wrong with them.\is great. I just think it'll be fun if only two of us go out, like we d________ in the old day.\ The next day Billy picked up his mother ________ (happy). They drove to the restaurant and sat at the same table they sat 30 years ago. Billy's mother said she needed to tell ________ (he) one thing first. \I know you have to work hard to be ________ (success), but make sure you spend as much time with your family as possible.\
【答案】 argument；when；ordered；about；worried；there；did；happily；him；successful
中考英语试卷分类汇编英语 语法填空(含答案)
