pupils doing at least two hours of sport a week have nearly retrospections continue as to why London 2012 failed to \answers. 词汇详解: legacy pledge accelerate opposition 长难句分析: 遗产;遗留问题 保证;承诺 使加速 反对者,反对派 成人和儿童的过度肥胖问题有所增加。官方继续反思为什么 halved. Obesity has risen among adults and children. Official 2012 年伦敦奥运会没有能够“鼓舞一代人”这个问题。公园跑的成功则给出了答案。 halve obesity retrospection 将 减半 过度肥胖 回想,回顾 Planning documents pledged that the great legacy of the Games would be to level a nation of sport lovers away from their couches.
本句主干为主谓宾结构,主语为 Planning documents,谓语动词为 pledged,宾语部分为 that 引导的宾语从句。此宾语从句为主系表结构,其中主语是 the great legacy of the Games,系动词是 would be,动词不定式 to level a nation of 作表语。
The number of adults doing weekly sport did rise, by nearly 2 million in the run-up to 2012-but the general population was growing faster.
本句为 but 连接的两个简单句,这两个简单句结构上并列,语义上转折,两句之间还加入了以 by 引出的插入语进行补充说明。第一个简单句的主语是 The number of adults doing weekly sport ,谓语动词使用了强调句式 did rise, 第二个简单句的主语为 the general population,谓语动词为 was growing faster。
The opposition claims primary school pupils doing at least two hours of sport a week have nearly halved. 本句主干为主谓语宾结构,主语为 The opposition,谓语动词为 claims,宾语部分为 that 引导的宾语从句(省略引导词 that)。这个宾语从句的主语较长,为 primary school pupils doing at least two hours of sport a week,谓语动词为 have nearly halved.,其中 doing at least two hours of sport a week 为现在分词短语,作后置定语。
Parkun is not a race but a time trial: Your only competitor is the clock. The ethos welcomes anybody. There is as much 公园跑不是速度赛,而是计时赛:你唯一的对手就是计时器。这种理念欢迎每个人的参与,首次参与者气喘吁吁地跑过终joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as 点,赢得掌声,他们感受到的喜悦之情与第一名是一样的。(23)那些there is about top talent shining. The Olympic bidders, by 奥运会拥护者则相反,他们想让更多的人进行体育运contrast, wanted to get more people doing sports and to 动,产生更多的精英运动员。两种目的混杂在一起: produce more elite athletes. The dual aim was mixed up: The 对参加奥运会的新人而言,获胜相对于参与所带来的压力是stress on success over taking part was 令人害怕的。 intimidating for newcomers. 词汇详解: time trial ethos
计时赛 (某一团体或某类活动的)理念 bidder elite 出价者;投标人 精英的 16
puffed-out 长难句分析:
气喘吁吁的 intimidating 吓人的;令人胆怯的 There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is about top talent shining.
本句的主干结构为 there be 句型,两个 there be 句型用 as much as...“想 · 一样多”连接,进行同级比较。第一个 There be 句型中的 puffed-out 作前置定语,修饰 first-timer,being clapped over the line 为后置定语。第二个 there be
句型为避免重复,进行了部分省略。
...the stress on success over taking part was intimidating for newcomers.
本句主干结构为主系表结构,主语为 the stress on success over taking part,系动词为 was,表语为形容词intimidating,for newcomers 为介词短语作后置状语,修饰形容词 intimidating。
Indeed, there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved in the planning of such a fundamentally \there is a role for government, it should really be getting involved in providing common goods-making sure there is space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts, and encouraging the provision of all these activities in schools. But successive governments have presided over selling green spaces, squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education. Instead of wordy, worthy strategies, future governments need to do more to provide the conditions for sport to thrive. Or at least not make them worse. 词汇详解: absurd get involved in fundamentally pave 长难句分析: Indeed, there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved in the planning of such a fundamentally \
本句的主干结构为 there be 句型,a little absurd in the state getting involved in the planning of such a fundamentally \为后置定语,修饰主语的中心词 something。
But successive governments have presided over selling green spaces, squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education.
本句的主干结构为主谓宾结构,主语为 successive governments,谓语动词为 have presided over,宾语为三个并
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确实,如果国家像社区体育协会一样,参与规划这种从根本上讲“草根”概念的运动是有点可笑。 (24)如果政府可以扮演角色,他应该致力于提供公共设施:确保有地方修建运动场,有资金铺设网球场和无挡板篮球场,并鼓励学校提供此类体育运动项目。但是历届政府只管卖绿地,挤压地方政府的资金,不关注体育教育,崇高的战略是没有用的, 未来的政府应该多做实事,提供让体育事业繁荣发展的条件。至少也应做到不要让他继续恶化下去。 荒诞的,可笑的 参与,涉及 从根本上讲 铺设 netball successive squeeze thrive 无挡板篮球 连续的,接任的,依次的 挤压;勒索 繁荣,旺盛 列成分:selling green spaces, squeezing money from local authorities 及 declining attention on sport in education。四、试题详解
21. According to Paragraph1, Parkrun has 。A.gained great popularity
B. created many jobs
C. strengthened community ties D. become an official festival
.
21.根据第一段的内容,公园跑 A.得到了普及
B.创造了很多工作机会 C.加强了社会的联系 D.成为
法定节日关键词:Paragraph 1 和 Parkrun 【答案】A
【解析】根据题干关键词 Paragraph 1 和 Parkrun 可以定位到首段第二句。定位句指出,“公园跑这种现象最初是在十几个朋友间发起的,后来在英国境内发展到 400 多个,在英国之外的影响更深广泛”,随后作者又提到公园跑的参与者从四岁大的小孩到祖父母年纪的老人不等,由此可知,公园跑受到了民众的欢迎,得到了普及,故正确答案为 A。
22. The author believes that London's Olympic \ 。has failed to .
A. boost population growth B. promote sport participation C. improve the city's image D. increase sport hours in schools
22.作者认为伦敦奥运会的“遗留影响”没能
A.促进人口增长 B.促进民众参加体育运动 C.提高城市形象 D.增加校内体育
运动时间关键词:The author,London's Olympic \,failed。 【答案】B
【解析】根据题干关键词 The author,London's Olympic \和 failed 定位至第二段前五句。定位段首句指出伦敦奥运会所造成的影响并不令人满意,第二、三、四句具体说明人们对伦敦奥运会的期望。第五句明确指出 It has not happened,此处与题干里的 failed 吻合,通过对第二、三、四句进行分析总结可知,这三句所描述的都是民众参加体育运动的具体表现,由此可知,正确答案为 B。 23. Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that it
。A.aims at discovering talents
.
23.公园跑与奥运会的不同之处在于它 A.目标在于发现人才 B.将注意力集中与大众竞技 C.并不强调精英主义 D.不能吸引首次参与
B. focuses on mass competition C. does not emphasize elitism D. does not attract first-timers
活动的人关键词: Parkrun,different,Olympic games。 【答案】C
【解析】根据题干关键词 Parkrun,different,Olympic games 可以定位到第三段第四句。第四句中的 by contrast 与题干中的 different 相吻合,本句表达的观点是“不同的是,奥林匹克运动的提倡者想要让更多的人参与体育运动,以产生更多的精英运动员”,原文中的 elite athletes 对应 C 中的 elitism“精英主义”,由此可知,正确答案为 C。
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24. With regard to mass sport, the author holds that
。governments should
24.关于大众体育,作者认为政府应该 .
A.组织“草根”体育活动 B.监督管理当地的体育协会 C.增加对体育俱乐部的资金投入 D.投资建设公共governments。
A. organize \B. supervise local sports associations C. increase funds for sports clubs D. invest in public sports facilities
体育设施关键词:mass sport, the author, 【答案】D
【解析】根据题干关键词 mass sport, the author, governments 可定位到文章第四段第二句,该句指出“如果政府可以扮演角色,它应该致力于提供公共设施:确保有地方修建运动场,有资金铺设网球场和无挡板篮球场,并且鼓励 学校提供此类体育运动项目”。由此可知,作者认为政府应该投资建设公共体育设施,故正确答案为 D。
25. The author's attitude to what UK governments
A. Tolerant B. Critical C. Uncertain D. Sympathetic
25.作者关于英国政府对体育投入的态度是 .
A.容忍的 B.批判性的 C.不确定的 D.同情的
。have done for sports is
关键词:author's attitude,UK governments。 【答案】B
【解析】根据题干关键词 author's attitude,UK governments 可定位到文章第四段第三、四、五句。定位句指出“但是历届政府只管卖绿地,挤压地方政府的资金,不关注体育教育。冗长、崇高的战略是没有用的,未来的政府应该多做实事,提供让体育事业繁荣发展的条件。至少也应做到对英国政府所持有的批判态度,故正确答案为 B。 Text 2
一、文章总体分析及构架
这是一篇议论文,选自 2016 年的《经济学人》,全文共 423 词。文章探讨了儿童及成人使用数字电子设备可能引发的问题。文章开篇指出,家长在关注儿童使用电子设备的问题时,往往忽略了自己使用这些产品可能引发的问题。作者首先通过罗德斯基的研究说明父母过度沉浸于电子产品会减少亲子互动,从而造成孩子的情感需求得不到及时关注。最后一段中作者又引用特罗尼克的观点,从反面论述,认为使用电子设备,无论对儿童还是父母,在一定限度内页会带来好处。 二、快速审题
26. According to Jenny Radesky, digital products are designed to . 罗德斯基的食物测试活动的发现。 珍妮·罗德斯基如何看待数字产品设计初衷。 27. Radesky’s food-testing exercise shows that mothers’ use of devices
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28. Radesky’s cites the “still face experiment” to show that . 罗德斯基引用“静止面部实验”的目的。 29. The oppressive ideology mentioned by Tronick requires parents to . . 特罗尼克提到的压制性意识形态对父母的要求。 30. According to Tronick, kid’s use of screens may_ 三、语篇精读
特罗尼克如何看待儿童使用电子设备的作用。 With so much focus on children’s use of screens, it's easy for parents to forget about their own screen use. “Tech is 由于把更多的注意力放在儿童对电子设备的使用上,家长很容易忽略他们自己的设备使用。 designed to really suck on you in,” says Jenny Radesky in her (26)“技术设计的初衷就是要把你吸引住。”珍妮. 罗德斯study of digital play, \基在她关于数字游戏的研究中说道,“数字产品本身就是maximal engagement. It makes it hard to disengage, and leads 要让关注达到最大化。这使得人们很难不曾惜于其中,并且会to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine.” 给家庭日常生活造成很多 干扰。 词汇详解: design promote 长难句分析: With so much focus on children’s use of screens, it's easy for parents to forget about their own screen use. 本句主干为 t's easy...,其中 it 为形式主语,真正的主语为 for parents to forget about their own screen use。With 引出的介宾短语 With so much focus on children’s use of screens 放在句首,作伴随状语言,相当于一个时间状语从句。
罗德斯基通过对母子组合进行的一个食物测试活动来Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets (27)at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing 研究就餐时间移动电话和平板使用情况。她发现在活动中exercise. She found that mothers who sued devices during the 使用这些设备的母亲与孩子之间的言语交流减少了 20%,exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer 非言语交流减少了 39%。在另一个单独的观测中,她发现电话nonverbal interactions with their children. During a separate 成为家庭关系紧张的一个诱因。父母们盯着自己的电子邮件,而孩observation, she saw that phones became a source of tension 子们则强烈地要求父母关注自己。 in the family. Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention. 词汇详解: verbal tension 长难句分析: She found that mothers who sued devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children.
本句主干为 She found,其后是 that 引导的宾语从句,该从句的主语为 mothers,谓语为 started,而该宾语从
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设计 推动;提升 maximal bleed-over 最大化的 流血不止 口头的;言语的 紧张;拉力 interaction bid 互动,交流 努力争取;竞价