机械原理课程设计
2009年机械原理课程设计
液体自动包装机
设计者：引言随着食品行业的快速发展,对食品的包装质量要求也越来
越高。优质高效的包装设备不仅提升行业的自动化程度,还能提高生产效率,大幅度降低成本。包装机械在技术发展上将会朝着以下4个方向努力:①结构设计标准化、模组化;②结构运动高精度化;③控制智能化;④机械功能多元化[4-10]。据中国机械工业联合会预计,从2011年到2015年,食品与包装机械业总产值有望突破6 000亿元,每年平均增速约维持在16%的水平。目前,食品包装机械竞争日趋激烈,未来应配合产业自动化趋势,促进包装设备总体水平提高,尤其针对中小型企业,发展多功能、高效率、低消耗的食品包装设备,具有非常重要的意义。1主要组成部分及主要技术参数包装机的结构如图1所示。其主要参数:生产能力/袋·min-1:20～50包装质量/g·袋-1:500包装计量精度/%:-2～2薄膜最佳材质:聚丙烯薄膜宽度/mm:260供料压力/MPa:1电源电压/V:380整机功率/kW:0.75外型尺寸/mm:600×600×1 2101.电动机2.减速器3.卷筒4.牵引辊轮5.翻领式袋成型器6.供料箱7.进料筒8.纵封器9.横封器10.包装材料11.切断装
目 录
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机械原理课程设计
第1章 总体方案设计 ·····················································································3
1.1 液体自动包装机的功能 ·················································································· 3 1.2 设计数据与要求 ······························································································· 3 1.3 方案的简介与选择比较 ·················································································· 4
第2章 执行机构设计 ···························································································· 7
2.1 包装纸输送机构 ······························································································· 7 2.2 纸袋成型机构 ··································································································· 7 2.2.1 纸袋成型机构选择 ·················································································· 7 2.2.2 纸袋成型机构设计 ·················································································· 8 2.3 热定型式封口机构 ··························································································· 10 2.4.1 纵封器 ········································································································ 10 2.4.2 横封器 ········································································································ 10 2.4 切断机构 ············································································································ 11 2.5 输送机构 ············································································································ 12 2.5.1 输送机构的选择 ···················································································· 12 2.5.2 输送机构的设计 ···················································································· 12 2.6 执行机构的运动循环图 ·················································································· 13
第3章 传动机构设计 ···························································································· 14
3.1 传动方案 ············································································································ 14 3.2 原动机的选择 ··································································································· 16 3.3 计算传动比 ········································································································ 16 3.4 凸轮机构的设计 ······························································································· 17
第4章 液体自动包装机的三维造型与运动仿真 ···································· 20
4.1 液体自动包装机的三维造型及运行过程简介·······································20
4.2 液体自动包装机的运动仿真··································································23
总结 ····································································································································· 26 参考文献 ··························································································································· 26
第1章 总体方案设计
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机械原理课程设计
1.1 液体自动包装机的功能
该全自动液体包装机，适用于袋装酱油、醋、牛奶、饮料等液体的自动包装。简要的工作过程如下：
首先将包装纸卷成筒状并将一端的口封住形成口袋，然后将一定量的液体注入口袋内，最后封口和切断，并由输送机构输出。
1.2 设计数据与要求
一、生产数据:
A.包装纸宽度 240或320mm B.包装速度 1500-2000袋/时 C.灌装容量 100-500ml/袋 D.外形尺寸 750*750*1750mm
二、选择设计尺寸 1.包装纸宽度 240
2. 包装速度 1800袋/时 3.灌装容量 300ml/袋
4.外形尺寸 750*750*1750mm
三、设计要求
1. 自动液体包装机主要由以下6大部件组成： 1） 包装纸输送机构：把圈在筒上的单层包装纸通过设计的绷紧机构以平张薄膜的形式输送到纸袋成型机构。
2） 纸袋成型机构：把接收到的平张薄膜通过三角板和圆弧槽卷成圆筒状，利于竖封和灌料。
3） 热定型式封口机构：利用特殊处理过滚轮的回转，对圆筒状包装纸进行枕式竖封，并在竖封同时利用摩擦牵引包装纸，使之向下运动，保证包装纸的持续成型；横封机构是回转机构，对以竖封的筒状包装纸周期性的封口。所以，结合成型机构，就实现了：卷状→平张→筒状→竖封→横封。 4） 送料机构（课程设计任务不予要求）
5） 切断机构：在热定型式封口机构持续运转的同时，切断机构通过凸轮回转推动推杆，使切刀周期性的接触，从而从中切断横封的封区。 6） 输送机构：利用带式输送机持续传递已包装好的产品。
2. 选择电机
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机械原理课程设计
1.3 方案的简介与选择比较 方案一：
组成 机构名包装纸输送机构 纸袋成型热定型式切断机输送机称 机构 封口机构 构 构 由1个固定在机 1对纵封凸轮机带式输机构形架上的传动杆套象鼻成型辊，1对横构，切送机 式 牢卷筒薄膜，令器 封辊 刀 三根传动杆作绷紧装置 把圈在筒上的单层包装纸通过设计的绷紧机构以平张薄膜的形式输送到象鼻成型器，象鼻成型器把接收到的平张薄膜通过三角板和圆弧槽卷成圆筒状，利于竖封和灌料；纵封辊回转，对圆筒状包装纸进行枕式竖封，并在竖封同时利用摩擦牵引包装纸，使之向下运动，保证包装纸的持续成型；回转的横封辊，对已竖封的筒状包装纸周期性的封口，在热定型式封口机构持续运转的同时，凸轮回转推动推杆上连接的切刀，使两块切刀周期性的接触，从而从中切断横封的封区，产品制成并利用带式输送机持续传递出 功能实现过程 特整体机构多利用齿轮、链轮，传力特性良好，运动精确性高，工作效率高，点 靠操作性强，安全可靠性高，加工容易，互换性良好而制造成本低廉
机构简图如下：
横封器 纵封器 马达 推杆 凸轮
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传送带
机械原理课程设计
方案二：
L型封口器和横封器及切刀同时运动。具体构成见简图。 机构名称 包装纸输送机构 纸袋成型机热定型式切断机输送机构 构 封口机构 构 组 由1个固定在机架象鼻成型器 L型封口成 机构形式 上的传动杆套牢 器，横封器 带式输送卷筒薄膜 切刀 机 功在此方案中采用间歇式运动，包装袋成型的方式是纸从上方向下运送，运动能是由下方的辊轮牵引的。纸通过象鼻式成型器将其卷成圆筒状后继续向下运动。实封口成L型，将纸筒的纵向开口和底面开口封合，封好后开始进行灌装。灌装好现后的纸袋继续向下运动，下面横封器使上开口封合，并由下面的切刀切断。 过 程 特整体机构多利用齿轮、链轮，传力特性良好，靠操作性强，安全可靠性高，点 加工容易，封口和切断在一个运动中同时完成，操作简单，但对机构求较高。 此方案的运动简图如下： 马达 L型封口器 凸轮 横封器 传输带
机械运动方案评价比较
机械运动方案评价的方法有3种，分别是经验法、数学法和试验法，课程设计采
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毕业设计液体自动包装机
