初中英语动词被动语态(一)解题方法和技巧及练习题
一、动词被动语态
1.You throw it away. It can .
A. needn't; recycle B. needn't; be recycled C. don't need; be recycled 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:你没有必要把它扔掉。它可以被回收利用。need的否定形式是needn't,不必,后跟动词原形;recycle,回收利用,和主语it之间是被动关系,因此用被动语态,can 是情态动词,含有情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+be+done,故选B。 【点评】此题考查情态动词need和含有情态动词的被动结构。
2.—Tom, do you know ________? —In Beijing.
A. where will the 24th Winter Olympics be held B. where the 24th Winter Olympics will hold C. where the 24th Winter Olympics will be held D. where will the 24th Winter Olympics hold 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:——汤姆,你知道第24届冬季奥运会将在哪里举行吗?——在北京。宾语从句的语序是特殊疑问词+陈述句的语序, the 24th Winter Olympics还没发生,故是一般将来时,与hole举办是被动关系,故是被动语态 , 故选C。
【点评】 考查宾语从句,注意宾语从句的语序是特殊疑问词+陈述句的语序。
3.Some people think trees____ on Tree Planting Day only.
A. should plant B. should be planted C. should be plant D. should be planting 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:一些人们认为种树应该只在植树节。其中trees和plant是被动关系,且句中有情态动词should,则此处应用含情态动词的被动语态should be done,故选B。
【点评】此题考查被动语态。注意含有情态动词的被动语态的结构。
4.Around the world, 300 million tons of plastic _________each year, of which about 10 percent ends up in the sea.
A. is created B. was created C. creates 【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:在全世界,每年30亿吨的塑料被创造,其中大约10%在大海里告终。each year和一般现在时连用,因此排除B;plastic和create之间是被动关系,be done,主语是 300 million tons of plastic,谓语动词要用单数,因此是is created,故选A。 【点评】考查动词的时态和语态,注意在语境中熟练运用动词的时态和语态。
5.His car ____ five years ago, but it looks quite new.
A. buys B. bought C. is bought D. was bought 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:他的车是五年前买的,但看起来很新。his car与动词buy由动宾关系,且his car做主语;由five years ago提示,谓语动词要用一般过去时的被动语态,故选D。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态的基本结构及用法。
6.In Chinese culture, children born in the Year of the Monkey ______ to be smart. A. say B. said C. will be said D. are said 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:在中国文化中,据说猴年出生的孩子很聪明。分析句子结构,主语children与say是被动关系,叙述客观事实,可知用一般现在时的被动语态,由be(am,is are)+过去分词构成, 根据主语children,可知系动词用are,因此用are said,故选D。
【点评】此题考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据主语和谓语之间的主动和被动关系确定句子的语态。
7.-- Are you going to Sam's birthday party the day after tomorrow?
-- I'm not sure. I will go with you if I _______.
A. will invite B. invite C. will be invited D. am invited 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:一一后天你要去参加萨姆的生日晚会吗?一一我不确定,如果请了我,我会和你一起去的。if(如果)引出的条件状语从句,当主句是一般将来时态时,从句要用一般现在时态。A、C错了。主语I是谓语动词invite的承受者,用被动语态,故选D。
8.These cakes_________ with chocolate. Have one, please.
A. fill B. filled C. are filled D. were filled 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:这些蛋糕里装满了巧克力。请吃一个。根据cakes与fill之间是被动关系,要有被动语态;由下句 Have one, please.可知上句要用一般现在时,要用一般现在时的被动语态,am/is/are+过去分词。主语cakes,复数,要用are,fill的过去分词filled,故选C。
【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据主语与谓语动词之间的关系确定语态,同时根据语境确定时态。
9.Mr.Green _____ to sing an English song at the party and he sang well.
A. was invited B. invited C. is invited D. invites 【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】主语Mr.Green是动词invite的承受者,结合sang可知表达的是过去的事情用一般过去时的被动语态was/were+过去分词,主语Mr.Green故was,故答案是A.
10.—Quite a few new laws and rules on food safety ______ into use last month. —Can you tell me what they are?
A. were putting B. have been put C. were put D. put 【答案】C
【解析】【分析】题意:——上个月,相当多的关于食品安全的新法律和制度投入了使用。——你能告诉我他们有哪些吗?根据时间状语last month可知时态为一般过去式,主语为“new laws and rules ”,被投入使用,使用被动语态were+过去分词。故选C。 【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态,注意结构为:was/were+过去分词。
11.The weatherman says a rain shower ______ this afternoon in the south. A. expects B. expected C. is expected D. was expected 【答案】C
【解析】【分析】气象员说今天下午预计南方将出现阵雨。本题考查动词的语态和时态。从句中因为\rain shower\做主语,可知应用被动语态,又因为\阵雨被预料”这件事发生在现在,所以用一般现在时。故答案为C。
【点评】此题考查一般现在时的被动语态。要熟记各个时态被动语态的构成。
12. Two ____ students ____ to the opening ceremony last Friday.
A. hundreds; were invited B. hundred; were invited C. hundreds of ; invited D. hundred of; invited 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:上周五邀请了两百学生参加开业庆典。表示实指时,hundred,thousand,million用单数,后面不跟介词of;例如two hundred 表示虚指时,hundred, thousand, million用复数,前不加数词,后跟介词of,例如hundreds of本句表示实指:两百。主语student是谓语动作invite的承受者,句子用被动语态。故选B。
13. many times, he finally understood it.
A. Told B. Telling C. Having told D. Having been told 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:在告诉他多次之后,最后他终于明白了。understood,明白。过去式,告诉是在他明白之前,因此用过去完成时,他和告诉之间是被动关系,因此用过去完成时的被动语态,having been done,故选D。 【点评】考查分词及完成时的被动语态。
14.— I enjoy walking on the clean streets in the morning. — You know they by the hard-working cleaners every day.
A. clean B. are cleaned C. are cleaning D. will clean 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:—— 我喜欢早上在干净的街道上散步。——你知道他们每天都被辛勤工作的清洁工打扫。A一般现在时主动语态,B一般现在时被动语态,C现在进行时,D一般将来时,根据 by the hard-working cleaners every day, 可知是 一般现在时被动语态 , 故选B。
【点评】 考查时态和语态,注意一般现在时被动语态的用法。
15.— I wonder if we ________ four days off by the end of this month. — I hope so. But if our task ________ finished, we'll have to work overtime.
A. will have;won't B. have;won't C. will have;isn't D. have;doesn't 【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意:—我想知道我们在这个月底是否将会有四天的假期。—我希望如此,但是如果我们的任务没有完成,我们就将会加班。will have将会有;have有,一般现在时;won't是will not的缩写形式,表示将来;isn't是is not的缩写,是一般现在时;doesn't是does not的缩写,是一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。第一个空前if的意思是是否,引导宾语从句,从句中表示将来的事情,故用一般将来时态;第二个空前的if是如果,引导条件状语从句,从句中用一般现在时态代替一般将来时态,主句用一般将来时态,从句中的主语our task和动词finish构成被动语态,故应用be+过去分词形式,选C。 【点评】本题是对时态,语态的综合考查。难点在于两个if ,第一个是引导宾语从句,表示将来的动作用将来时态。但第二个是引导状语从句,用一般现在代替一般将来。注意对这些知识点的熟练掌握。
16.Has everything can be done ?
A. what; done B. that; been done C. that; already done D. what; already being done 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:要做的事情已经做完了吗?第一空根据先行词everything,可知后面的引导词用that;第二空根据询问是否过去已经完成,及everything和do的动宾关系,可知时态应用现在完成时的被动语态has been+过去分词。故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句和现在完成时的被动语态。注意掌握现在完成时的被动语态结构:has been+过去分词。
17.Everybody _________ deeply after they heard the story.
A. moves
B. moved
C. is moved
D. was moved
【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意:每个人在听了这个故事之后,都被深深地感动了。根据after they heard the story可知,这里用的是一般过去时,所以主句的时态也用一般过去时,故排除A和C;everyone与move之间是被动关系,故选D。
18.Because it every day, the window is very clean.
A. cleaned B. will clean C. was cleaned D. is cleaned 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:因为窗户每夭打扫,所以非常干净。A.一般过去时态;B.一般将来时态;C.一般过去时被动语态;D.一般现在时被动语态。每夭打扫窗户,表示经常性习惯性的动作,用一般现在时态;主语it(指the window)是谓语动词clean的承受者,用被动语态,故选D。
19.—Claudia, are you going to Mike's birthday party on Sunday? —Unless I ______ .
A. am invited B. invited C. was inviting 【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:-Claudia这个星期天你打算去参加Mike的生日晚会吗?一除非我被邀请去。A.一般现在时态的被动语态,被邀请;B.过去式,或过去分词;C.过去进行时,表示过去某个时间正在发生的事情。根据句意可知,我应被邀请去参加晚会,应该用被动语态,故选A。
20.—Is everything ____ we need to do ____? —Yes. You needn't worry about it.
A. which; has done B. which; doing C. that; has done D. that; done