华中科技大学博士研究生英语入学考试大纲
本考试采取百分制记分，满分为100分；考试时间为180分钟。 本考试共分为四部分：完形填空（10％）、阅读理解（40％）、英汉互译（30％）和英语写作（20％）。 1. 完形填空（10％）
本部分测试考生的语言知识及综合运用能力。测试内容包括词汇的认知能力、搭配知识的掌握，句法结构的理解和篇章阅读、分析能力。本部分给出一篇约200单词的短文，文中留出10处空白，每空为一题，设4个备选答案。要求考生在理解全文的基础上，从中挑选一个最佳选项，使短文的内容和结构完整合理。 2. 阅读理解（40％）
本部分测试考生在规定时间内通过阅读获取信息的能力，即对阅读材料的细节、事实、要点、作者观点和态度的理解能力。题材包括社会、文化、史地、科普及人物传记等内容，体裁涉及叙事、议论、描述、说明和应用文等。该部分给出4篇约500单词的文章，每篇文章后面附5个问题，每个问题设四个备选答案。要求考生根据文章内容从每题选出一个最佳选项。 3. 英汉互译（30％）
本部分测试考生的英汉互译能力。考试形式为翻译段落划线部分，原文内容涉及社会、文化、史地和科普知识。要求考生将200-250汉字长度的中文段落划线部分准确地翻译成通顺的英文，以及将相当长度的英文段落划线部分准确翻译成通顺的中文。
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4. 英语写作（20％）
本部分测试考生的英语书面表达能力。要求考生根据给出的题目和提纲，或者根据情景或图表自拟题目，用英语写出一篇约200单词的短文。要求作文切题、意义连贯、文字通顺，并符合英文表达习惯。
华中科技大学2005年春季博士研究生
入学考试试题
Part Ⅰ Cloze（0.5×20＝10％）
Directions: In this part you are asked to choose the best word for each blank in the passage. Write your answers on the answer sheet.
Some kids have a hard time 1 to the new freedom that they acquire when they leave high school and come to college. Here you are able to choose 2 or not you want to go to class. However, this responsibility comes with a great price. If you do not go to class, you may miss an important lecture and these are very critical when it comes time for the test that is fifty percent of your grade. With this responsibility I have learned how to manage my time more 3 . 4 hating every minute of school, I value it 5 a time for me to prepare for the big test. This new schedule has also changed me in that now I 6 school is worth my time. I do not dread going to class. Yes, it is boring
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some of the time but since I only have two to four classes a day for only four days out of the week, it is not as 7__ as high school. Also many of my courses require more in depth thinking. As an alternative to doing worksheets and 8 simple questions, college courses call 9 _ analysis and thought. Almost all of my homework now is writing papers and reading books. These to this routine, I have been able to investigate and recognize meaning more 10 and it has helped me in my thought process.
1. A) content 2. A) where 3. A) effective
B) to adopt B) when B) efficiently
C) finding D) adjusting C) whether C) effort
D) if D) affect D) Other than D) with D) would like D) misfortune D) to answer D) about D) readily
4. A) Instead of B) Rather than C) Instead 5. A) for
B) upon
C) as
6. A) should like B) feel like 7. A) unpleasant B) pleasant 8. A) answered 9. A) in
B) answer B) for
C) look like C) enjoyable C) answering C) up
10. A) likely B) prepared C) ready
II. Reading comprehension (20x2=40%)
Directions: There are four passages in this part. After each passage, there are five questions. You are to choose the best answer for each question. Write your answers on the answer sheet.
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Passage 1
Extremely refined behaviour, cultivated as an art of gracious living, has been characteristic only of societies with wealth and leisure, which admitted women as the social equals of men. After the fall of Rome, the first European society to regulate behaviour in private life in accordance with a complicated code of etiquette was twelfth-century Provence, in France.
Provence had become wealthy. The lords had returned to their castles from the crusades, and there the ideals of chivalry grew up, which emphasized the virtue and gentleness of women and demanded that a knight should profess a pure and dedicated love to a lady who would be his inspiration, and to whom he would dedicate his valiant deeds, though he would never come physically close to her. This was the introduction of the concept of romantic love, which was to influence literature for many hundreds of years and which still lives on an a inferior form in simple popular songs and cheap novels today.
In Renaissance Italy too, in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, a wealthy and leisured society developed an extremely complex code of manners, but the rules of behaviour of fashionable society had little influence on the daily life of the lower classes. Indeed many of the rules, such as how to enter a banquet room, or how to use a sword or handkerchief for ceremonial purposes, were irrelevant to the way of life
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of the average working man, who spent most of his life outdoors or in his own poor hut and most probably did not have a handkerchief, certainly not a sword, to his name.
Yet the essential basis of all good manners does not vary. Consideration for the old and weak and the avoidance of harming or giving unnecessary offence to others is a feature of all societies everywhere and at all levels from the highest to the lowest. You can easily think of dozens of examples of customs and habits in your own daily life which come under this heading.
11． Etiquette cultivated as an art of gracious living ______. A. has been typical of rich and leisured societies B. advocates that women are the same as men C. began in nineteenth-century Provence D. looks down on extremely refined behaviour 12． The ideals of chivalry demanded that ______.
A. a knight should never have physical relationships with women B. a knight should inspire his lady to valiant deeds C. a knight should dedicate his valiant deeds to a woman D. romantic people should influence literature
13． The rules of etiquette in Renaissance Italy ______.
A. were chiefly concerned with the correct use of one’s sword or handkerchief
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2005-2010年华中科技大学考博英语真题及答案
