专题 12 定语从句——精讲深剖
真题速递
1.（2019·江苏卷·单项填空） We have entered into an age dreams have the best chance of coming true.
A. which
B. what C. when
D. that
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为 an age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中做时间状语，所以关系词用 when。 故选 C。 2.（2019·天津卷·单项填空）11.Their child is at the stage she can say individual words but not full sentences. A. why
B. where C. which D. what
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。句中 she can say individual words but not full sentences 是一个定语从句，先行词是 the stage，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词 where，故选 B。
3.(2019·新课标 I 卷·短文改错)One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.
One afternoon
where
【答案】when
I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. 【解析】考查定语从句。先行词 one afternoon 表示时间在定语从句中作状语，所以关系词使用 when。故将 where 改为 when。
4.(2019·新课标 II 卷·语法填空)Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield， she opened with her late husband Les. 【答案】where
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为 the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作 opened
一词的宾语，故用 which。
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5.(2019·新课标 III 卷·语法填空)They were well trained by their masters for these animals. 【答案】who
had great experience with caring 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它们被他们的主人训练地很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。先行词为 masters（主人），且从句缺主语。故关系词填 who。
6（. 2019·新课标III 卷·短文改错) In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment what is created for them. 【答案】
In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment is created for them.
【解析】本句考查定语从句。先行词 environment 在从句中做主语，指物，关系代词用 that/which。故 把
what 改为 that/which。
7.(2019·浙江卷·语法填空）On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth
gives off light in the dark. 【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。这是个限制性定语从句，先行词是 cloth，指物，从句中缺少主语，因此，可以用
that 或 which 引导。故填 that/which。
8.（2019·北京卷·语法填空）What students do at college seems to matter much more than
8 they go. 【答案】where
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大学）更重要。这里表达去哪所大学，表示地点，作状语。故用 where。
9.（2019·北京卷·语法填空）The students benefiting most from college are those 与)in academic life. 【答案】who/that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：从大学中获益最多的学生是那些完全投入学术生活的学生。 3
are totally engaged(参
are totally
engaged(参与)in academic life.是定语从句，修饰先行词 those，空格处在句中作主语，代指人，故填 who 或
that。
10.（2018·北京） She and her family bicycle to work,
helps them keep fit. D. that
A. which
B. who C. as
【答案】A
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：她和家人骑自行车去上班，这有助于她们保持健康。“ helps them
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keep fit”是非限制性定语从句，该从句修饰整个主句，引导词在从句中做主语，故该从句应用关系代词 which
引导。A 选项正确。
点睛：非限制性定语从句即可修饰主句的一部分，也可以修饰整个主句。其引导词的选择和限制性定语从句的判断规则一致，即：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。需要注意的是，that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。 11.（2018·天津）Kate, Australia. A. whom
sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in
B. that C. whose D. her
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：凯特已经去澳大利亚工作了。我们在大学的时候，我和她的姐姐共住一室。分析句子，句中先行词为 Kate，在非限定性定语从句中作名词 sister 的定语，故用关系代词 whose。故选 C。
点睛：本题考查定语从句。定语从句是高考重点考查知识之一，分析定语从句需抓住两点：1.找准先行词；
2.看先行词在从句中所作的成分。抓住这两点，再根据句意，从而能够判断出正确的关系词。
12.(2018·江苏)Self-driving is an area
China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.
C. which
D. when
A. that
B. where
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：自动驾驶是一个中国和世界其它国家都在同一起跑线的领域。句中先行词 为 area，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词 where，相当于 in which。故选 B。
点睛：本题考查定语从句。定语从句是高考重点考查知识之一，分析定语从句需抓住两点：1.找准先行词。
2.看先行词在从句中所作的成分。抓住这两点，再根据句意，从而能够判断出正确的关系词。
13.(2018· 新课标 I 卷· 语法填空)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66
showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.
【答案】that 或 which
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。此处 a study 是先行词，其在定语从句中作主语，故填 that 或 which。
14.(2018·新课标 I 卷·短文改错)They also had a small pond which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by selling the fish. 【答案】 which 改成 in which 或 where
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。他们还有一个小池塘，里面养着鱼。此处 a small pond 是先行词，其在面
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2021年高考英语必考点全梳理专题12-定语从句(精讲深剖)
