专题八 定语从句常考点
定语从句是英语语法学习中的一大难关，也是高考中的常考点。主要考查引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词的选择；非限制性定语从句(特别是当先行词是整个句子时)，由“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句等。做有关定语从句题目时，一定要将先行词还原到从句里，看其在从句部分充当什么成分。
1 关系代词和关系副词的基本用法
指人 主语 关系代词 that，who 宾语 定语 表语 主语 宾语 that， which (可省) that，who， that，whom whose that which (可省) 时间 when＝介词＋which 地点 where＝介词＋which 指物 定语 whose 表语 that 原因 why＝for which 关系副词 [注]学习定语从句时，必须加强对从句句子结构的分析，切记关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语和表语，而关系副词在定语从句中作状语。
用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空：
①I still remember the day ________ we studied together. I still remember the day ________ we spent together.
②This is the factory ________ he used to work. This is the factory ________ we visited yesterday. This is the factory ________ makes this kind of car. ③This is the reason ________ he explained.
This is the reason ________ he failed in the exam. ④I don't know the way ________ he used last time.
I don't know the way ________ he solved the problem last time.
【答案】①when；that/which/不填 ②where；that/which/不填；that/which ③that/which/不填；why ④that/which/不填；that/in which/不填
2 介词＋关系代词
介词后只能用which指物，whom 指人，不可用that。介词的选用可根据从句中相关词组确定，也可结合句意根据先行词确定。该介词也可放在从句之尾。
用适当的“介词＋关系代词”填空：
①He is the person ________ we should learn. ②The bag ________ he put his books is lost. ③The man ________ she is talking is a doctor. ④The train ________ he was travelling was late.
【答案】①from whom ②in/into which ③to/about whom ④on which
3 关系代词 as的用法
用于限制性定语从句中：当先行词被so，as，such，the same所修饰时，关系代词用as指人或物，而不用which。
用于非限制性定语从句中： 非限制性定语从句，特别是先行词是整个主句时，由which和as引导的非限制性定语从句，是高考命题的热点。
[注] as引导的非限制性定语从句与which引导的非限制性定语从句的区别：
as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句前、插在主句中间或放在主句末尾，而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句后面；as引导的从句有“正如”之意，而which则没此意。
用适当的关系词填空：
①This is such a heavy bag ________ I can't carry. This is such a heavy bag ________ I can't carry it .
②This is the same place ________ I visited three years ago. This is the same place ________ I worked three years ago. ③He failed in the exam，________ made his father very angry. He failed in the exam，________ I had expected.
④A lot of language learning, ________ has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.
【答案】①as；that ②as；where ③which；as ④as
4 并列句和非限制性定语从句的判断
并列句是由两个简单句组成的，句子中间必须要有并列连词；而定语从句是由主句和从句构成的。
完成下列句子：
①He has two brothers，and both of ________ are workers. He has two brothers，both of ________ are workers.
②China has hundreds of islands，the largest of ________ is Taiwan. China has hundreds of islands，and the largest of ________ is Taiwan. ③He may not come，in ________ case we will not wait for him. He may not come and in ________ case we will not wait for him.
【答案】①them；whom ②which；them ③which；that
【最高考】2015高考英语语法精讲+精练：专题八+定语从句常考点
