摘 要
随着人们对安全意识的日益重视与提高，视频监控系统在安防监控、工业控制、交通监控等领域中已经有了广泛的应用。基于DSP的视频监控能够提高视频传输的可靠性和传输速度，减小体积和重量，并能降低功耗和成本，具有较强的环境适应性。因此从经济和实用的角度来讲，基于DSP的视频监控系统具有很好的发展前景。
本文提出了一种视频监控系统硬件平台的设计方案，硬件平台主要包括DSP主控系统硬件平台、监控云台、摄像机和显示器。首先对视频监控系统研究的目的和难点进行分析，并对视频信号做了简要的介绍。在此基础上根据系统设计的要求，给出系统总体结构设计方案。随后，根据视频监控系统在设计中对实时性和智能化的要求，结合设计中的难点，给出了基于 TMS320DM642的视频监控系统的硬件设计方案，并给出了各硬件模块硬件电路连接图。根据硬件设计方案，介绍了基于硬件平台的目标跟踪的具体实现步骤，提出了目标捕捉、目标跟踪以及云台控制的软件设计方案。最后，结合在本系统设计过程中的经历，总结开发过程中的经验和不足。
关键词： DSP， 视频监控， 运动检测， 目标跟踪
I
Abstract
Along with more attention and improve to the social security awareness, the video monitoring system has been widely used in many fields, such as the safety monitoring, industry control traffic monitoring and so on. The video monitoring system based on DSP can improve the reliability and speed of the transmission, reducing the volume and weight, and can reduce the power consumption and costs, and has strong adaptability to the environment. So from the point of economic and practical, the video monitorin system based on DSP have very good development prospect.
This paper presents a video monitoring system hardware platform, the design of hardware platform includes DSP master control system hardware platform, monitoring haeundae, camera and monitor. Firstly, I will analyze the purpose of the research and the difficulty of research for this video monitoring system, and will introduce the video signal. Based on the requirements of design according to the system, turn out the plan of system structure design. Then, according to the requirements of real-time and intelligentized, combined with the difficulty in the design, there will turn out the hardware design project of the video monitoring system based on TMS320DM642, and the circuit connection diagram of hardware module hardware. According to the hardware design, this paper introduces the methods to realize the target tracking in detail of the hardware platform, and Put forward software design project of target capture, target tracking and console control.Finally, Combined with the experience in this system design, summarizes the experience and insufficiency in the process of developing.
Keywords: DSP, video surveillance, motion detection, target tracking
II
目 录
第1章 绪论 ............................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 课题研究背景 ............................................................................................................. 1 1.2 课题研究的目的及意义 .......................................................................................... 2 1.3 国内外研究现状 ........................................................................................................ 3 1.4 主要内容及论文结构安排 ...................................................................................... 4 第2章 视频监控相关理论分析 .......................................................................................... 5
2.1 视频信号 ...................................................................................................................... 5
2.1.1 模拟视频标准 ................................................................................................. 6 2.1.2 数字视频标准 ................................................................................................. 7 2.2 数字图像编码 ............................................................................................................. 7
2.2.1 预测编码 .......................................................................................................... 8 2.2.2 熵编码 ............................................................................................................... 9 2.2.3 模型编码 .......................................................................................................... 9 2.2.4 分形编码 ........................................................................................................ 10 2.3 运动目标检测算法 .................................................................................................. 10
2.3.1 帧间差分法 .................................................................................................... 11 2.3.2 背景差分算法 ............................................................................................... 12 2.4 运动目标跟踪算法 .................................................................................................. 13 2.5 本章小结 .................................................................................................................... 14 第3章 系统的硬件设计 ...................................................................................................... 15
3.1 视频监控系统整体设计 ........................................................................................ 15 3.2 系统时钟接口电路设计 ........................................................................................ 17 3.3 电源接口电路设计 .................................................................................................. 19 3.4 存储器模块电路设计 ............................................................................................. 20
3.4.1 SDRAM模块电路设计 ............................................................................... 21 3.4.2 FLASH模块电路设计 ................................................................................. 23 3.5 JTAG电路设计 ......................................................................................................... 27 3.6 串口通信模块设计 .................................................................................................. 28 3.7 视频采集模块设计 .................................................................................................. 31 3.8 视频输出接口电路设计 ........................................................................................ 34
III
基于DSP的视频监控系统
