主谓一致的讲解
一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致 1.由and 连接主语时
And 连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或代词作主语时根据意义或概念确定谓语用单数或复数
1)并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时谓语动词用复数 Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students.
Like many others, the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there in search of gold. 小流浪汉和调皮的小男孩也赶到那里寻找金子 Both rice and wheat are grown in this area.
2)并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。 The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting. 那位教授兼作家正在会上发言
A journalist and authour lives on the sixth floor. 一位新闻记者兼作家
His lawyer and former college friend was with him on his trip to Europe. 他的律师兼大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行
The Premier and Foreign Minister was present at the state banquet. 总理兼外长
比较：the writer and the educator have visited our school. the writer and educator has visited our school.
His lawyer and his former college friend were with him on his trip to Europe.
注意：指同一个人或物时，并列主语前只用一个冠词，指不同的需要分别加冠词，但两个名词具有分别的对立的意思时只需要一个冠词即可 A boy and girl are playing tennis.
3)并列主语前有each, every, many a , no 等修饰时谓语动词用单数
Each doctor and (each) nurse working in the hospital was asked to help patients. Every man, woman and child is entitled to take part in the activity. 有权参加 Every boy and (every) girl admires him for his fine sense of humour. Many a boy and (many a ) girl has made the same mistake No boy and no girl is there now.没有任何男孩和女孩在那里 注意：many a 跟单数可数名词但是表示复数意义翻译为很多 Many a student was disappointed after seeing the movie. 4)并列主语为不可分的整体时，谓语动词用单数
A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up. 法规制定
The knife and fork has been washed 刀叉已经被洗好 War and peace is a constant theme in history 战争与和平是历史永恒的主题 注意;常被视为主体的结构 A cup and saucer 一副杯碟 A horse and cart 马车
A knife and fork 一副刀叉 A law and rule 法规
A needle and thread 一套针线 Fish and chips 炸鱼加炸薯条 The stars and stripes 星条旗
2.由(either)…or 或neither…nor 等连接的主语时
由 either…or, neither…nor, or, not only…but(also)…连接主语时，谓语动词陈述句中就近原则
Either you or Jane is to be sent to New York.要么你要么简被派往纽约 Neither you nor he has finished the experiment.
Neither the teacher nor the students like this piece of music. 都不喜欢这首曲子 Not only the old farmer but also his family were friendly to me.
Not only his friends but also he himself is looking forward to taking part in the party.
3.主语由肯定否定两部分构成谓语跟肯定部分走
Not you but I am to answer the question I, not you, am to answer the question.
二、单一主语的主谓一致
1.名词本身自带s作主语时
1）学科名词: physics 物理 mathematics/maths 数学 economics 经济学 politics政治学 新闻; news
体操：Gymnastics
As we know, Physics is a fundamental subject in science.物理是自然科学中的一门基础学科 Mathematics is a required course for middle school students.数学是中学生的一门必修课 Einstein once said ,“Politics is much more difficult than physics.” 注意：当mathematics 表示运算时 谓语动词用单数复数都可
If my mathematics is/are right, the answer is 56.如果我的运算正确，答案就是56 The television news is at 7 o’clock in the evening every day Gymnastics is my sister’s favourite sport
2)有些名词单复数同行根据是单数概念还是复数概念判断谓语 means方式方法 aircraft 飞机works 工厂 crossroads十字路口 deer 鹿 sheep 羊 fish 鱼 This works was build in 1982 这座工厂是
By far, three steelworks have been closed down in this city This means of transport has been tried All possible means have been tried
3）由两部分组成的物体名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数 chopsticks筷子 compasses 圆规 glasses眼镜 gloves手套 Jeans牛仔裤 pants裤子 scissors剪子 shoes鞋子 shorts短裤 socks短袜 trousers裤子
My trousers are white and his clothes are black.我的裤子是白色的他的衣服是黑色的 Why are your shoes so dirty?
注意;如果这些词由单位词 （a pair of , a suit of , a piece of , a kind of 等）修饰时，单位词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数
A pair of scissors is lying in that drawer.
These kinds of glasses are popular this summer.
4)表示国家、人名、书名、组织机构等的专有名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数 The united States is a developed country
The New York Times is widely read in the world.
5)以-s 结尾的群岛、山脉、海峡、瀑布等专有名词谓语动词用复数 The Himalayas have a magnificent variety of plants.植物种类繁多 The Niagara Falls are splendid waterfalls.
6)以-S结尾的名词作主语时谓语动词用复数 belongings财产 clothes衣服 plastics earnings收入 goods货物 leavings剩余 savings储存 All the goods are very expensive.
2.集体名词作主语时
1）mankind, humanity, man 作主语时，谓语一般用单数 Only man knows how to cook. 只有人懂得烹饪
【注】mankind 表示“人(类)”有时表示复数意义,尤其是其表语是复数时： Mankind are intelligent animals. 人是理智的动物.
2）people, police, cattle, youth等作主语时，只有单数形式, 但却表示复数意义谓语动词用复数
The police are investigating the riot. 正在调查暴乱事件 The cattle are grazing the the field 正在牧场吃草
Many cattle were killed for this. 就因为这个原因宰了不少牲畜
【注】people作民族讲时有复数形式.如： There are 56 peoples in China
3）family, crowd 等作主语时，根据概念确定谓语动词 这类集体名词有：
Army， assembly议会集会 audience band class club committee company congress议会youth crew 全体工作人员 crowd enemy family gang团伙 government group herd牧群 jury population public team强调整体用单数谓语强调个体用复数谓语
The family is going to move to New York
The family have different opinions about their going abroad
The football club committee arranges all the matches The football club committee have decided to dismiss him. 比较：
A family , a group , a class 做主语时用单数谓语 Families, groups, classes 作主语时用复数谓语
A group is coming to the zoo.一队人正朝着动物园走来
4）baggage / luggage(行李), clothing(衣服), furniture(家具), machinery(机器), poetry(诗), scenery(风景), jewelry(珠宝), equipment(设备)等,是不可数名词,只用单数形式,不用不定冠词(当然更不能用数词)
Our clothing protects us from [against] the cold. 我们的衣服可以御寒. Have you checked all your baggage? 你所有行李都托运了吗?
【注】machinery, poetry, jewelry, scenery等相应的个体可数名词是 machine, poem, jewel, scene等.如：a poem / a piece of poetry(一首诗),many machines / much machinery / many pieces of machinery(许多机器). 5）hair的用法
hair(头发,毛发)指全部头发或毛发时,为集合名词(不可数)； 指几根头发或毛发时,为个体名词(可数)：
My hair has grown very long. 我的头发已长得很长了.
The police found two hairs there. 警察在那儿找到了两根头发. 6）fruit的用法
主谓一致的讲解最全面的主谓一致的讲解
