guarantee for the great struggle. This aspects XI General Secretary of speech main including exercise thrift, against extravagance mass line is party of lifeline and fundamental work route accurate grasp party of mass line education practice activities of guideline and target requirements set and develop \e strict three real\put power shut into system of cage in using history wisdom advance anti-corruption construction in-depth advance style clean government and anti-corruption struggle develop nail nail of spirit, a Zhang good of blueprint worked to... 9. other aspects. 18 big yilai, XI General Secretary also respectively on diplomatic, and military, and ecological construction, aspects published has important speech, covers has construction ecological civilization, and advance defense and army modern, and rich \o systems\ctice and advance country unified, and go peace development road, and promoted building new powers relationship, and go good around diplomatic work, and strengthening and developing countries solidarity cooperation, and active participation multilateral affairs, and science of thinking and work method, many aspects. XI Jinping, Secretary of a series of important speeches, and further enrich and develop the party's theory, line, principles and policies, the party puts forward new requirements for more contemporary features, the latest achievement of Marxism in China, is a guide to persisting and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics. Four methods. o address the relationship between comprehensive and focused on science. In the process of learning, we should follow as a good study and carry out the \n\e collaborative learning; and with their own jobs, focus research and understanding spirit, grasp the potential requirements. For example, every party member should be according to the various branches of learning program, an article does not go into a link, no leakage of conducting a comprehensive study, and combined with their own duties and responsibilities, be focused and targeted Geoscience. Like, leaders to highlight learning XI on ruling acting political know of deep love of cut dry in practice go in forefront of river new language out poverty XI on coordination advance \cerpts XI on full deepening reform discusses excerpts XI on full law ruling discusses excerpts 18 big yilai XI on major economic problem discusses excerpts, discipline to highlight learning XI on strict party of discipline and rules discusses excerpts XI Jinping, on the construction of clean and honest Government and fight against corruption discussed excerpts, technology to highlight the learning of the XI Jinping on technological innovation and discusses excerpts, XI Jinping, education should highlight the important excerpts of work on education and so on. To address the relation between stage and often science. Phase has the advantage of time to focus on fast, to highlight the theme, focused, result; often learn the advantages of flexible fit, form, subtle, continues to Add to Selection（增加选取范围）按钮：当选中此按钮后，新选中的区域跟以前的选取范围合成一个选取范围。与按下Shift键增加选取范
围的功能相同。
Subtract from Selection（删减选取范围）按钮：当选中此按钮后进行选取操作时，不会选取新的范围，这将发生两种情况：要选择的新区
域跟以前的选取范围没有重叠部分，则选取范围不发生任何变化；新选中的区域若跟以前的选取范围有重叠的部分，重叠的部分将从以前的选
取范围中减掉。与按下Alt键增加选取范围的功能相同。
Intersect with Selection（相交选取范围）按钮：当选中此按钮后进行选取操作时，会在新选取范围与原选取范围的重叠部分（即相交的区 域），产生一个新选取范围，而两者不重叠 的范围则被删减；如果选取时在原有选取范围之外的区域选取，则会出现一个警告对话框。单击OK
按钮后，将取消所有的选取范围。Intersect with Selection选取的范围与按下Shift+Alt键选取范围的功能相同。
3、修改选取范围（Modify）
（1）放大选取范围（Select/Modify/Expand）
（2）缩小选取范围（Select/Modify/Contract)
(3）扩边(Select/Modify/Border)：执行该命令可以将原有的选取范围变成带状的边框，边框以原选取范围为边缘，往外延伸的宽度可以
在对话框中设定，范围在1-64像素之间。
(4)平滑（Select/Modify/Smooth)：执行此命令可以将选取范围变得较连续而且平滑。此命令一般用于修正使用魔棒选择的区域。用魔棒
选择时，选取范围很不连续，而且会选中一些主颜色区域之外的零星的像素，用Smooth命令就能解决这一问题。
4、扩大选取与选取相似
扩大选取（Grow):执行该命令可以将原有的选取范围扩大，所扩大的范围是原有的选取范围相邻和颜色相近的区域。颜色的近似程度由魔棒
eepen. In General, periodic high priority on learning, easy to grasp and practice: recurrent learning factors, long time, prone to \ning programmes are explicitly required to learn education is not an event, but to highlight the normal education, differentiated levels, heart, catch a fine practice, the real party's ideological and political construction in the everyday, often. This requires that we do a good job phase focused learning based on knowledge contests, comments on rewards in the form, pay special attention to recurring studies. To handle the relationship between solid strong to learn and a lot to learn. For any unit or individual, objectively speaking, in the process of carrying out the party Constitution Party rules and spirit, there is a problem with strong and weak, which we need to pay attention to the actual learning content, and handle the relationship between solid strong to learn and a lot to learn. On one hand, we must always keep a humble attitude, good deal, Continuethe hardening. The other hand, always keep the spirit of energetic, pegged to the weak link to find gaps, fill the short Board. Short Board issues should not be underestimated, the saying goes, have short Board, add a short. This tells us, there are weaknesses shortcomings and do not be afraid, fear is a blind eye and not to repair, the result is poor is worse and the weak weaker. United States politics home zhamusi, and Wilson and prevention crime learn experts qiaozhikailin proposed has a famous of broken window theory, that, if a building House has a fan window of glass broken has, and this fan Windows no get timely repair, others on May to broke more of window glass, time a long, these damaged of window on to people caused a disorder, and matter of feel, results in this mass errors think no attention, and no management of atmosphere Xia, some bad culture, and violations behavior on will breeding and spread. Reality life in the is such, clean of wall Shang, suddenly was posted has aZhang ad, if didn't people management, not out days this wall Shang on will appeared greatly small many of advertising; private take mess built phenomenon is so, began circle a small block to built a small shed put things, if didn't people timely stop, he on dare built a hut live people, time long has didn't people tube, wants to tube Shi on difficult has. Therefore, the solid strong is important, a lot to learn is also important. Third, key, grasp the learning objective of education is to train a qualified party member \on to its core essence is learning and doing. Learning and doing are mutually reinforcing, if optical can't do, study leave, real learning deficiency, while sweating, wind and water, \ng white\came \nd not the mules\ning party rules did not comply with the party Constitution, address the learning series is not used, instead, learn and do, imagine this \ng\do you meet the eligibility requirements of party members. Therefore, the \c learning, the key is in use, do, line. In particular, is a qualified party members to grasp the following three points. To strengthen \guarantee for the great struggle. This aspects XI General Secretary of speech main including exercise thrift, against extravagance mass line is party of lifeline and fundamental work route accurate grasp party of mass line education practice activities of guideline and target requirements set and develop \e strict three real\put power shut into system of cage in using history wisdom advance anti-corruption construction in-depth advance style clean government and anti-corruption struggle develop nail nail of spirit, a Zhang good of blueprint worked to... 9. other aspects. 18 big yilai, XI General Secretary also respectively on diplomatic, and military, and ecological construction, aspects published has important speech, covers has construction ecological civilization, and advance defense and army modern, and rich \o systems\ctice and advance country unified, and go peace development road, and promoted building new powers relationship, and go good around diplomatic work, and strengthening and developing countries solidarity cooperation, and active participation multilateral affairs, and science of thinking and work method, many aspects. XI Jinping, Secretary of a series of important speeches, and further enrich and develop the party's theory, line, principles and policies, the party puts forward new requirements for more contemporary features, the latest achievement of Marxism in China, is a guide to persisting and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics. Four methods. o address the relationship between comprehensive and focused on science. In the process of learning, we should follow as a good study and carry out the \n\e collaborative learning; and with their own jobs, focus research and understanding spirit, grasp the potential requirements. For example, every party member should be according to the various branches of learning program, an article does not go into a link, no leakage of conducting a comprehensive study, and combined with their own duties and responsibilities, be focused and targeted Geoscience. Like, leaders to highlight learning XI on ruling acting political know of deep love of cut dry in practice go in forefront of river new language out poverty XI on coordination advance \ategy layout discusses excerpts XI on full deepening reform discusses excerpts XI on full law ruling discusses excerpts 18 big yilai XI on major economic problem discusses excerpts, discipline to highlight learning XI on strict party of discipline and rules discusses excerpts XI Jinping, on the construction of clean and honest Government and fight against corruption discussed excerpts, technology to highlight the learning of the XI Jinping on technological innovation and discusses excerpts, XI Jinping, education should highlight the important excerpts of work on education and so on. To address the relation between stage and often science. Phase has the advantage of time to focus on fast, to highlight the theme, focused, result; often learn the advantages of flexible fit, form, subtle, continues to 工具的工具栏中的Tolerance值来决定。
选取相似（Similar)：执行该命令也可将原有的选取范围扩大，类似于Grow，但是它所扩大的选择范围不限于相邻的区域，只要是图像中有
近似颜色的区域都会被涵盖。同样，颜色的近似程度也由魔棒工具的工具栏中的Tolerance值来决定。
5、选取范围的旋转翻转和自由变换
Photoshop7.0不仅能够对整个图像、某个层或者是某个选取范围内的图像进行旋转、翻转和自由变换处理(快捷键Ctrl+T)，而且还能够选对
取范围进行任意的旋转、翻转和自由变换。
注：只变换选区本身,对于选区内的图像不作任何处理。
（1）、选取范围的自由变换
选取一个选取范围，然后单击Select/Transform Selection命令,此时进入选取范围自由变换状态。用户可以任意移动（Move)、缩放
（Scale)、旋转（Rotate)等。
在自由变换状态下，选择Edit/Transform命令打开子命令：缩放（Scale)；旋转（Rotate)；斜切（Skew)：将选取范围变换为平行四边形；
扭曲（Distort)：将选择范围变换为任意四边形；透视（Perspective)：将选择范围变换为对称梯形，对选区进行五种操作，对选区内的图像
不作任何处理。如果不在自由变换状态下，以上五种操作将处理选区内的图像。
（2）、选取范围的旋转和翻转（镜像）
要对选取范围进行旋转和翻转，同样需要先单击Select/Transform Selection命令进入自由变换的状态。接着单击Edit/Transform命令打开
子菜单，从中即可执行用于旋转或翻转的5个命令。
a、Rotate 180度：执行此命令可将当前对象旋转180度。
b、Rotate 90 度 CW:执行此命令可将当前对象顺时针旋转90度。
c、Rotate 90 度 CCW:执行此命令可将当前对象逆时针旋转90度。
eepen. In General, periodic high priority on learning, easy to grasp and practice: recurrent learning factors, long time, prone to \ning programmes are explicitly required to learn education is not an event, but to highlight the normal education, differentiated levels, heart, catch a fine practice, the real party's ideological and political construction in the everyday, often. This requires that we do a good job phase focused learning based on knowledge contests, comments on rewards in the form, pay special attention to recurring studies. To handle the relationship between solid strong to learn and a lot to learn. For any unit or individual, objectively speaking, in the process of carrying out the party Constitution Party rules and spirit, there is a problem with strong and weak, which we need to pay attention to the actual learning content, and handle the relationship between solid strong to learn and a lot to learn. On one hand, we must always keep a humble attitude, good deal, Continuethe hardening. The other hand, always keep the spirit of energetic, pegged to the weak link to find gaps, fill the short Board. Short Board issues should not be underestimated, the saying goes, have short Board, add a short. This tells us, there are weaknesses shortcomings and do not be afraid, fear is a blind eye and not to repair, the result is poor is worse and the weak weaker. United States politics home zhamusi, and Wilson and prevention crime learn experts qiaozhikailin proposed has a famous of broken window theory, that, if a building House has a fan window of glass broken has, and this fan Windows no get timely repair, others on May to broke more of window glass, time a long, these damaged of window on to people caused a disorder, and matter of feel, results in this mass errors think no attention, and no management of atmosphere Xia, some bad culture, and violations behavior on will breeding and spread. Reality life in the is such, clean of wall Shang, suddenly was posted has aZhang ad, if didn't people management, not out days this wall Shang on will appeared greatly small many of advertising; private take mess built phenomenon is so, began circle a small block to built a small shed put things, if didn't people timely stop, he on dare built a hut live people, time long has didn't people tube, wants to tube Shi on difficult has. Therefore, the solid strong is important, a lot to learn is also important. Third, key, grasp the learning objective of education is to train a qualified party member \on to its core essence is learning and doing. Learning and doing are mutually reinforcing, if optical can't do, study leave, real learning deficiency, while sweating, wind and water, \ng white\came \nd not the mules\ning party rules did not comply with the party Constitution, address the learning series is not used, instead, learn and do, imagine this \ng\do you meet the eligibility requirements of party members. Therefore, the \c learning, the key is in use, do, line. In particular, is a qualified party members to grasp the following three points. To strengthen \guarantee for the great struggle. This aspects XI General Secretary of speech main including exercise thrift, against extravagance mass line is party of lifeline and fundamental work route accurate grasp party of mass line education practice activities of guideline and target requirements set and develop \e strict three real\put power shut into system of cage in using history wisdom advance anti-corruption construction in-depth advance style clean government and anti-corruption struggle develop nail nail of spirit, a Zhang good of blueprint worked to... 9. other aspects. 18 big yilai, XI General Secretary also respectively on diplomatic, and military, and ecological construction, aspects published has important speech, covers has construction ecological civilization, and advance defense and army modern, and rich \o systems\ctice and advance country unified, and go peace development road, and promoted building new powers relationship, and go good around diplomatic work, and strengthening and developing countries solidarity cooperation, and active participation multilateral affairs, and science of thinking and work method, many aspects. XI Jinping, Secretary of a series of important speeches, and further enrich and develop the party's theory, line, principles and policies, the party puts forward new requirements for more contemporary features, the latest achievement of Marxism in China, is a guide to persisting and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics. Four methods. o address the relationship between comprehensive and focused on science. In the process of learning, we should follow as a good study and carry out the \n\e collaborative learning; and with their own jobs, focus research and understanding spirit, grasp the potential requirements. For example, every party member should be according to the various branches of learning program, an article does not go into a link, no leakage of conducting a comprehensive study, and combined with their own duties and responsibilities, be focused and targeted Geoscience. Like, leaders to highlight learning XI on ruling acting political know of deep love of cut dry in practice go in forefront of river new language out poverty XI on coordination advance \cerpts XI on full deepening reform discusses excerpts XI on full law ruling discusses excerpts 18 big yilai XI on major economic problem discusses excerpts, discipline to highlight learning XI on strict party of discipline and rules discusses excerpts XI Jinping, on the construction of clean and honest Government and fight against corruption discussed excerpts, technology to highlight the learning of the XI Jinping on technological innovation and discusses excerpts, XI Jinping, education should highlight the important excerpts of work on education and so on. To address the relation between stage and often science. Phase has the advantage of time to focus on fast, to highlight the theme, focused, result; often learn the advantages of flexible fit, form, subtle, continues to
d、Flip Horizontal:执行此命令可将当前对象水平翻转。
e、Flip Vertical：执行此命令可将当前对象垂直翻转。
注：在自由变换状态下，可以自由指定选取范围的旋转中心，方法是将选取对象的中心点移到一个所需的位置。
（3）、利用工具栏控制选取范围的变换
在选择了变换选取范围的命令（Rotate 180度、Flip Vertical等固定角度旋转或翻转命令除外）之后，工具栏上将出现一些相关的设置参数 。
a、Reference point location（参考点位置）按钮：用于控制选取范围的变换参考点的位置。这里提供了9个方位，即变换框架上的8个控制
柄和一个中心的位置。
b、Set horizontal position of reference point（设置参考点的垂直位置）：此文本框中的数值用于控制选取范围的变换参考点的垂直位 置。 c、Set horizontal position of reference point(设置参考点的垂直位置）:此文本框中的数值用于控制选取范围的变换参考点的垂直位置 。
d、Set vertical scale(设置水平缩放比例）：此文本框中的数值用于控制水缩放选取范围的比例。
e、Set vertical scale (设置垂直缩放比例）：此文本框中的数值用于控制垂直缩放选取范围的比例。
f、Rotate (旋转角度）：此文本框中的数值用于控制选取范围旋转的角度。
g、Skew(水平倾斜角度）：此文本框中的数值用于控制选取范围旋转的角度。
h、Commit transform(确定当前的变换操作）按钮：单击此按钮则执行当前的变换操作。
i、Cancel transform（取消当前的变换操作）按钮：单击此按钮则取消当前的变换操作。
eepen. In General, periodic high priority on learning, easy to grasp and practice: recurrent learning factors, long time, prone to \ning programmes are explicitly required to learn education is not an event, but to highlight the normal education, differentiated levels, heart, catch a fine practice, the real party's ideological and political construction in the everyday, often. This requires that we do a good job phase focused learning based on knowledge contests, comments on rewards in the form, pay special attention to recurring studies. To handle the relationship between solid strong to learn and a lot to learn. For any unit or individual, objectively speaking, in the process of carrying out the party Constitution Party rules and spirit, there is a problem with strong and weak, which we need to pay attention to the actual learning content, and handle the relationship between solid strong to learn and a lot to learn. On one hand, we must always keep a humble attitude, good deal, Continuethe hardening. The other hand, always keep the spirit of energetic, pegged to the weak link to find gaps, fill the short Board. Short Board issues should not be underestimated, the saying goes, have short Board, add a short. This tells us, there are weaknesses shortcomings and do not be afraid, fear is a blind eye and not to repair, the result is poor is worse and the weak weaker. United States politics home zhamusi, and Wilson and prevention crime learn experts qiaozhikailin proposed has a famous of broken window theory, that, if a building House has a fan window of glass broken has, and this fan Windows no get timely repair, others on May to broke more of window glass, time a long, these damaged of window on to people caused a disorder, and matter of feel, results in this mass errors think no attention, and no management of atmosphere Xia, some bad culture, and violations behavior on will breeding and spread. Reality life in the is such, clean of wall Shang, suddenly was posted has aZhang ad, if didn't people management, not out days this wall Shang on will appeared greatly small many of advertising; private take mess built phenomenon is so, began circle a small block to built a small shed put things, if didn't people timely stop, he on dare built a hut live people, time long has didn't people tube, wants to tube Shi on difficult has. Therefore, the solid strong is important, a lot to learn is also important. Third, key, grasp the learning objective of education is to train a qualified party member \on to its core essence is learning and doing. Learning and doing are mutually reinforcing, if optical can't do, study leave, real learning deficiency, while sweating, wind and water, \ng white\came \nd not the mules\ning party rules did not comply with the party Constitution, address the learning series is not used, instead, learn and do, imagine this \ng\do you meet the eligibility requirements of party members. Therefore, the \c learning, the key is in use, do, line. In particular, is a qualified party members to grasp the following three points. To strengthen \guarantee for the great struggle. This aspects XI General Secretary of speech main including exercise thrift, against extravagance mass line is party of lifeline and fundamental work route accurate grasp party of mass line education practice activities of guideline and target requirements set and develop \e strict three real\put power shut into system of cage in using history wisdom advance anti-corruption construction in-depth advance style clean government and anti-corruption struggle develop nail nail of spirit, a Zhang good of blueprint worked to... 9. other aspects. 18 big yilai, XI General Secretary also respectively on diplomatic, and military, and ecological construction, aspects published has important speech, covers has construction ecological civilization, and advance defense and army modern, and rich \o systems\ctice and advance country unified, and go peace development road, and promoted building new powers relationship, and go good around diplomatic work, and strengthening and developing countries solidarity cooperation, and active participation multilateral affairs, and science of thinking and work method, many aspects. XI Jinping, Secretary of a series of important speeches, and further enrich and develop the party's theory, line, principles and policies, the party puts forward new requirements for more contemporary features, the latest achievement of Marxism in China, is a guide to persisting and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics. Four methods. o address the relationship between comprehensive and focused on science. In the process of learning, we should follow as a good study and carry out the \n\e collaborative learning; and with their own jobs, focus research and understanding spirit, grasp the potential requirements. For example, every party member should be according to the various branches of learning program, an article does not go into a link, no leakage of conducting a comprehensive study, and combined with their own duties and responsibilities, be focused and targeted Geoscience. Like, leaders to highlight learning XI on ruling acting political know of deep love of cut dry in practice go in forefront of river new language out poverty XI on coordination advance \ategy layout discusses excerpts XI on full deepening reform discusses excerpts XI on full law ruling discusses excerpts 18 big yilai XI on major economic problem discusses excerpts, discipline to highlight learning XI on strict party of discipline and rules discusses excerpts XI Jinping, on the construction of clean and honest Government and fight against corruption discussed excerpts, technology to highlight the learning of the XI Jinping on technological innovation and discusses excerpts, XI Jinping, education should highlight the important excerpts of work on education and so on. To address the relation between stage and often science. Phase has the advantage of time to focus on fast, to highlight the theme, focused, result; often learn the advantages of flexible fit, form, subtle, continues to 6、控制选取范围的其他命令
在实际工作中，经常要选择一幅完整的图像，此时用鼠标选择是一件很不容易的事。所以，Photoshop又提供了一个全选的命令供用户使用。
单击Select/All命令或按下Ctrl+A组合键即可将一幅图像全部选中。在All命令下面还有Deselect、Reselect和Inverse命令。这些命令也是
经常用于控制选取范围的，下面我们简单介绍其功能。
a、Deselect(取消选择）：执行该命令可以取消已选取的范围。组合键为Ctrl+D。
b、Reselect(重新选择）：执行该命令可以重复上一次的范围选取。组合键为Ctrl+Shift+D.
c、Inverse(反选）：执行该命令可将当前选取范围反转，即以相反的范围进行选定。
7、活用选取范围
精密的选取范围往往是来之不易的，需要花费很多的时间才能完成。因此，在使用完之后，应将它保存起来，以备日后重复使用。保存后的
选取范围将成为一个蒙板显示在Channels（通道）面板中，当需要时可以从Channels面板中装载进来。
（1）、保存选取范围有两种方法： 1、单击Select/Save Selection命令；2、利用通道面板中的Save Selection as channel命令。
（2）、载入选取范围有两种方法：1、单击Select/Load Selection命令；2、利用通道面板中的Load Channel as Selection命令。
注：不同图像之间的选取范围可以互相安装使用，但是必须符合尺寸和分辨率相同的条件。
8、蒙板与通道
当一个选取范围保存后，就成为一个蒙板（Mask）被保存在通道（Channel)中，以后要使用时可以重新转换成选取范围。因此，在蒙板与选
取范围之间可以互相转换。
初识蒙板时可能很难理解，首先，还是从选取范围说起，我们使用选取范围的目，主要是用来保护未被选取的区域，使它不受编辑命令的影
响，因此选取范围的作用和暗房中的蒙板相同，可以用来保护被遮蔽的区域。再形象一点来说，选取范围就好比是一块不透明玻璃露出来的一
eepen. In General, periodic high priority on learning, easy to grasp and practice: recurrent learning factors, long time, prone to \ning programmes are explicitly required to learn education is not an event, but to highlight the normal education, differentiated levels, heart, catch a fine practice, the real party's ideological and political construction in the everyday, often. This requires that we do a good job phase focused learning based on knowledge contests, comments on rewards in the form, pay special attention to recurring studies. To handle the relationship between solid strong to learn and a lot to learn. For any unit or individual, objectively speaking, in the process of carrying out the party Constitution Party rules and spirit, there is a problem with strong and weak, which we need to pay attention to the actual learning content, and handle the relationship between solid strong to learn and a lot to learn. On one hand, we must always keep a humble attitude, good deal, Continuethe hardening. The other hand, always keep the spirit of energetic, pegged to the weak link to find gaps, fill the short Board. Short Board issues should not be underestimated, the saying goes, have short Board, add a short. This tells us, there are weaknesses shortcomings and do not be afraid, fear is a blind eye and not to repair, the result is poor is worse and the weak weaker. United States politics home zhamusi, and Wilson and prevention crime learn experts qiaozhikailin proposed has a famous of broken window theory, that, if a building House has a fan window of glass broken has, and this fan Windows no get timely repair, others on May to broke more of window glass, time a long, these damaged of window on to people caused a disorder, and matter of feel, results in this mass errors think no attention, and no management of atmosphere Xia, some bad culture, and violations behavior on will breeding and spread. Reality life in the is such, clean of wall Shang, suddenly was posted has aZhang ad, if didn't people management, not out days this wall Shang on will appeared greatly small many of advertising; private take mess built phenomenon is so, began circle a small block to built a small shed put things, if didn't people timely stop, he on dare built a hut live people, time long has didn't people tube, wants to tube Shi on difficult has. Therefore, the solid strong is important, a lot to learn is also important. Third, key, grasp the learning objective of education is to train a qualified party member \on to its core essence is learning and doing. Learning and doing are mutually reinforcing, if optical can't do, study leave, real learning deficiency, while sweating, wind and water, \ng white\came \nd not the mules\ning party rules did not comply with the party Constitution, address the learning series is not used, instead, learn and do, imagine this \ng\do you meet the eligibility requirements of party members. Therefore, the \c learning, the key is in use, do, line. In particular, is a qualified party members to grasp the following three points. To strengthen \guarantee for the great struggle. This aspects XI General Secretary of speech main including exercise thrift, against extravagance mass line is party of lifeline and fundamental work route accurate grasp party of mass line education practice activities of guideline and target requirements set and develop \e strict three real\put power shut into system of cage in using history wisdom advance anti-corruption construction in-depth advance style clean government and anti-corruption struggle develop nail nail of spirit, a Zhang good of blueprint worked to... 9. other aspects. 18 big yilai, XI General Secretary also respectively on diplomatic, and military, and ecological construction, aspects published has important speech, covers has construction ecological civilization, and advance defense and army modern, and rich \o systems\ctice and advance country unified, and go peace development road, and promoted building new powers relationship, and go good around diplomatic work, and strengthening and developing countries solidarity cooperation, and active participation multilateral affairs, and science of thinking and work method, many aspects. XI Jinping, Secretary of a series of important speeches, and further enrich and develop the party's theory, line, principles and policies, the party puts forward new requirements for more contemporary features, the latest achievement of Marxism in China, is a guide to persisting and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics. Four methods. o address the relationship between comprehensive and focused on science. In the process of learning, we should follow as a good study and carry out the \n\e collaborative learning; and with their own jobs, focus research and understanding spirit, grasp the potential requirements. For example, every party member should be according to the various branches of learning program, an article does not go into a link, no leakage of conducting a comprehensive study, and combined with their own duties and responsibilities, be focused and targeted Geoscience. Like, leaders to highlight learning XI on ruling acting political know of deep love of cut dry in practice go in forefront of river new language out poverty XI on coordination advance \cerpts XI on full deepening reform discusses excerpts XI on full law ruling discusses excerpts 18 big yilai XI on major economic problem discusses excerpts, discipline to highlight learning XI on strict party of discipline and rules discusses excerpts XI Jinping, on the construction of clean and honest Government and fight against corruption discussed excerpts, technology to highlight the learning of the XI Jinping on technological innovation and discusses excerpts, XI Jinping, education should highlight the important excerpts of work on education and so on. To address the relation between stage and often science. Phase has the advantage of time to focus on fast, to highlight the theme, focused, result; often learn the advantages of flexible fit, form, subtle, continues to
块空档，空档处即为当前所选范围，也就是能够进行编辑的图像区域，而空档以外的区域则是不受任何影响的遮蔽的区域，因此选取范围与蒙
板有了同等的功能，最终起到保护被遮蔽区域的作用。
然而，蒙板的功能比选取范围的功能更具有弹性，它能够在通道中进行修改和编辑，并且便于查看。 蒙板和选取范围之间的转换是通过通道
来实现的，因此通道起到了保存选取范围作用。在Photoshop中，我们将些新增通道称为Alpha通道。
此外，通道还具有另外一种非常重要的功能，即用来保存颜色数据。例如RMYK模式下，每一个像素都由不同比例的CMYK四原色混合而成，将
这4种原色分离出来后，分别用青、洋红、黄、黑4个通道来保存数据，当4个通道合成之后便成为原来的图像，即成为一个主通道CMYK。事实上
CMYK模式图像中的每个通道也就等同于四色印刷时分离出来的4块色板。同理，在RGB模式下，则由RGB三原色通道来记录数据。
通道的功能：（1）能存储选区；（2）能保存颜色数据；（3）能用滤镜进行修改和编辑等。
=============================================================================第五讲 Photoshop工具与绘图
一、Photoshop的绘图工具
Photoshop有许多绘图工具，包括画笔、铅笔、历史记录画笔、艺术历史记录画笔、像皮图章、图案图章、橡皮擦、背景橡皮擦、魔术橡皮
檫、模糊、锐化、涂抹、加深、减淡、和海绵等工具。
二、设置画笔
在使用画笔、历史记录画笔等绘图工具时，用户都必须选在工具栏中选定一个适当大小的画笔，才可绘制图形。
1、画笔的功能
先选择一个绘图工具，如选择画笔工具，此时工具栏将变为画笔工具的参数设置。其中有一个Brush（画笔）下拉列表框，单击其右侧的下
eepen. In General, periodic high priority on learning, easy to grasp and practice: recurrent learning factors, long time, prone to \ning programmes are explicitly required to learn education is not an event, but to highlight the normal education, differentiated levels, heart, catch a fine practice, the real party's ideological and political construction in the everyday, often. This requires that we do a good job phase focused learning based on knowledge contests, comments on rewards in the form, pay special attention to recurring studies. To handle the relationship between solid strong to learn and a lot to learn. For any unit or individual, objectively speaking, in the process of carrying out the party Constitution Party rules and spirit, there is a problem with strong and weak, which we need to pay attention to the actual learning content, and handle the relationship between solid strong to learn and a lot to learn. On one hand, we must always keep a humble attitude, good deal, Continuethe hardening. The other hand, always keep the spirit of energetic, pegged to the weak link to find gaps, fill the short Board. Short Board issues should not be underestimated, the saying goes, have short Board, add a short. This tells us, there are weaknesses shortcomings and do not be afraid, fear is a blind eye and not to repair, the result is poor is worse and the weak weaker. United States politics home zhamusi, and Wilson and prevention crime learn experts qiaozhikailin proposed has a famous of broken window theory, that, if a building House has a fan window of glass broken has, and this fan Windows no get timely repair, others on May to broke more of window glass, time a long, these damaged of window on to people caused a disorder, and matter of feel, results in this mass errors think no attention, and no management of atmosphere Xia, some bad culture, and violations behavior on will breeding and spread. Reality life in the is such, clean of wall Shang, suddenly was posted has aZhang ad, if didn't people management, not out days this wall Shang on will appeared greatly small many of advertising; private take mess built phenomenon is so, began circle a small block to built a small shed put things, if didn't people timely stop, he on dare built a hut live people, time long has didn't people tube, wants to tube Shi on difficult has. Therefore, the solid strong is important, a lot to learn is also important. Third, key, grasp the learning objective of education is to train a qualified party member \on to its core essence is learning and doing. Learning and doing are mutually reinforcing, if optical can't do, study leave, real learning deficiency, while sweating, wind and water, \ng white\came \nd not the mules\ning party rules did not comply with the party Constitution, address the learning series is not used, instead, learn and do, imagine this \ng\do you meet the eligibility requirements of party members. Therefore, the \c learning, the key is in use, do, line. In particular, is a qualified party members to grasp the following three points. To strengthen \
photoshop基础教程（初学者使用）
