Unit 2 Healthy eating Period 4 语法专题课
学习目标
1.Grasp the grammatical rules of ought to,need,dare,had better in this unit.
2.Learn to use the modal verbs in real situations through self-study and practice.
学习过程
一、语法聚焦
(一)情态动词的基本用法: 1.ought to
(1)Humans ought to (should) stop polluting nature.人类应该停止污染大自然了。 (2)Prices ought to come down soon.价格可能会很快下跌。 (3)You ought to have come earlier.你本该来得早一点儿。
(4)They ought to go and see Mary tomorrow,but I don’t think they will.
他们明天按理说应该去看看玛丽,但是我认为他们不会去的。(此句不宜用should) (5)He ought to go now,oughtn’t he?他现在该走了,是吗? ought to 用法小结: (1) (2) (3) (4)ought to与should的区别
(5)ought to的否定形式为 2.need
(1)—Need you go so early?你需要这么早走吗?
—Yes,I must. 是的,我必须走。/No,I needn’t.不,不必。
(2)You needn’t have bought it.你没有必要买(它)的。(但已经买了) (3)You don’t need to be so worried.你不必如此担心。
(4)Do I need to say my telephone number again?我还需要再说一遍我的电话号码吗? need 用法小结:
(1) (2)need后接完成时表示“ ”。 (3)need用作实义动词时,
3.dare
(1)My younger sister dare not go out alone.我妹妹不敢单独出去。 (2)If you dare cheat in your exam,I will give you some punishment. 如果你(们)敢在考试中作弊,我就惩罚你(们)。 (3)She dares to go there alone.她敢一个人去那里。
(4)He did not dare (to) leave his car there.他不敢把车停放在那里。 dare用法小结:
(1)dare“敢;敢于”,dare用作情态动词时,具有四个特点:第一, 第二, ;第三, ;第四, 。 (2)dare用作实义动词时, 4.had better
(1)You’d better go to see a doctor.你最好去看看医生。 (2)You’d better not disturb him.你最好别去打扰他。 (3)How had we better go there?我们最好怎么去那儿呢?
(4)Hadn’t we better take an umbrella?我们是不是带把雨伞比较好?
had better 用法小结: (1) (2)如何构成否定句和疑问句: (3)在否定疑问句或反意疑问句中 (二)情态动词表示推测的句型归纳
must(一定,肯定),may/might(可能,也许),can/could(可能,通常用于否定句和疑问句中),should/ought to(应该)常可用来表示推测。
1.一般时推测:主语+情态动词(not)+动词原形。
(1)He must come from the USA.=It is certain that he comes from the USA.他肯定是美国人。 (2)He may/might/could come from the USA.= It is possible that he comes from the USA. 他可能(大概、也许)是美国人。 归纳:
2.进行时推测:主语+情态动词(not)+be doing sth. (1)They must be organizing a great performance. 他们一定正在组织一次大型的演出活动。
(2)He should be working now.他现在应该在工作。 归纳:
3.完成时推测:主语+情态动词(not)+have done...
“情态动词+have done”可表示“推测”“责备”“怀疑”等多种意义。
(1)You shouldn’t have told her the truth.你本不该告诉她真相的。
(2)The ground is wet.It must have rained last night.地面很湿,昨晚肯定下雨了。
(3)The ground is very dry,so it can’t have rained last night.地面很干,昨晚不可能下过雨的。
(4)She needn’t have come yesterday.她昨天本不必来的。
(5)It’s late.He might have gone to bed.时间不早了,他也许已经睡觉了。 (6)You could have given more attention to it.你本可以多关心它一点的。 情态动词表示推测用法小结:
(1)should/ought to have done (2)shouldn’t/oughtn’t to have done (3)must have done (4)can’t/couldn’t have done (5)needn’t have done (6)might/may have done (7)could/might have done
二、语法聚焦自测
1.用should,must,can,need,had better的相应形式填空 (1)You look tired.You go to bed now.
(2)—My mother cooked a lot of food for me.She has been cooking all the morning.
—She be tired now.
(3)—I have just eaten a lot of food for lunch.
—You be hungry now.
(4)The floor is clean.You sweep it.
(5)I can manage the shopping alone.You come with me. (6)You not disturb him.
2.I searched for my wallet in the bag but it wasn’t there.I thought I it at home. A.left B.have left
C.might have left D.can have left
3.I asleep because it took me a long time to realize that the telephone was ringing.
A.could have fallen B.should have fallen C.must have fallen
D.mustn’t have fallen
课后提升
挑战一 小试牛刀
●单项填空
1.-What sort of house do you want to have?Something big? -Well,it be big—that’s not important. A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.can’t
D.won’t
2.Thank you for all your hard work last week.I don’t think we it without you. A.can manage B.could have managed C.could manage D.can have managed
3.Tom ought not to me your secret,but he meant no harm. A.have told B.tells C.telling D.having told
4.I wonder how he that to the teacher.(易错题) A.dare to say B.dare saying C.not dare say D.dared say 5.—I didn’t see her yesterday.(易错题)
—Of course,you ,because she had gone on a trip.
A.can’t
B.may not have
C.can’t have D.mustn’t have ●根据提示翻译句子
6.你敢在夜晚穿过森林吗?(dare)
7.你本不应该泄露这个秘密的。(ought to)
挑战二 典题在线
1.I’ve ordered some pizza,so we worry about cooking when we get home tired.A.can’t B.dare not C.needn’t
D.may not
2.—I prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.
—Do you mean we bring anything with us?
A.can’t
B.mustn’t
C.shan’t D.needn’t
3.My book,The House of Hades,is missing.Who have taken it? A.need B.must C.should D.could
4.—You needn’t take an umbrella.It isn’t going to rain.
—Well,I don’t know.It do.
A.might C.would
B.need D.should
5.—Why are your eyes so red?You have slept well last night.
—Yeah,I stayed up late writing a report.
A.can’t C.needn’t
B.mustn’t D.won’t
6.I myself more—it was a perfect day. A.shouldn’t have enjoyed B.needn’t have enjoyed C.wouldn’t have enjoyed D.couldn’t have enjoyed
7.Harry is feeling uncomfortable.He too much at the party last night. A.could drink B.should drink C.would have drunk D.must have drunk
8.The children lost in the woods;otherwise,they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.
A.must have got B.must get C.should have got D.should get
课后作业
1.Master what we have learned today. 2.Correct the mistakes in the paper.
参
学习过程 考答
案
2019-2020学年英语高中人教版必修3学案：Unit2Period4语法专题课
