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Unit1 para3
Our second major discovery was that the Information Marketplace will dramaticallyaffectpeople and organizations on a wide scale. Besides its many uses in merce, office work, and manufacturing, it will also improve health care, provide new ways to shop, enable professional and social encounters across the globe, and generally permeate the thousands of things we do in the course of our daily lives. It will help us pursue old and new pleasures ,and it will encourage new art forms, which may be criticized but will move art forward, as new tools have always done. It will also improve education and training, first in specific and established ways and later through breakthroughs that are confidently awaited. Human organizations from tiny panies to entire national governments will benefit too, because so much of the work they do is information work.
Topic :The affection of the Information Marketplace Perspective: people--organization Aspect(s):material-spiritual, individual-societyMethod: classification Skill:examples Questions: what how
Unit1 para12
The wise eye will also see that theinformation Marketplace is much more influential than its parts –the interfaces, middleware and pipes that make up the three-story building on which we stand. Once they are integrated, they present a much greater power— the power to prevent an asthmatic from dying in a remote town in Alaska, to enable an unemployed bank loan officer to find and succeed at a new form of work, to allow a husband and wife to revel in the acplishments of a distant daughter while also providing emotional and financial support. These powers are far greater than the ability to send an message, or to have five hundred TV channels. Topic :The influence of information marketplacePerspective: power
Aspect(s):material-spiritualMethod: hierarchical structure 层次构造〔life-work-pleasure〕 Skill:examples Questions: what how
Unit8 para1
Countless cultures around the worldhave disappeared, along with their mythologies. In Mesoamerica, dozens of ornate Mayan temples lie mute, as do an untold number of Incan monuments in Peru, Celtic cairns in Wales, Khmer statues in Cambodia, and magnificent ziggurat-like structures in central Africa.
Topic : The disappearance of culture Perspective: world Aspect(s):culture【material】Method: space order Skill:examples Questions: what how
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Unit8 para2
Easter island, celebrated for the giant statues left by its vanished civilization, is unique in archaeology because of its isolation from its neighbors. current archaeological evidence indicates that some 1,600 years ago the island's first settlers, explorers from Polynesian, found themselves in a pristine paradise with subtropical forests, dozens of wild bird species, and no predators. they multiplied and prospered, distributing resources in a manner that suggests a sophisticated economy and plex political system. rival clans erected ever-larger statues platforms, emulating the stone carvings of their Polynesian forebears, trying to surpass each other with displays of power and wealth.
Topic :The civilization of easter islandPerspective:island/civilization Aspect(s):enviroment-societyMethod:progression-classification Skill:statement-exampleQuestions: what→how
Unit8 para4
It is likely that changes in the forest occurred over decades and would have been difficult todetectimmediately. An islander might easily have missed the long-term trend, thinking: “This year we cleared those woods over there, but trees are starting to grow back again over here.〞 Furthermore, any islander who issued a warning against the oning disaster would have been silenced by the ruling class. Chiefs, priests, and stone carvers all depended on the status quo to retain their positions and privileges.
Topic : The detection of change Perspective: islander
Aspect(s):idea behavior - Method: classification progression Skill:quotation statement Questions: what why Unit8 para6
Humanity may not act in time to preventthe decimationof the rain forests, fossil fuels, arable land, and fisheries. In only 40 years, Ethiopia’s forest cover shrank from 30% to 1%. During the same time period, the rest of the world lost half of its rain forests. Powerful decision-making groups ignore those who sound an alarm; their political, economic, and religious agendas fail to address the problem of disappearing natural resources.
Topic : The prevention of the decimation Perspective:humanity
Aspect(s): decimation 消亡 (material-spiritual ) - Method: causal order 因果顺序 Skill:statistics - statement Questions: what how(what how why)
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Unit8 para8
If we are going to avoid the fate of the Easter Islanders, we mustchange the myths that are leading us toward extinction an find inspiring visions of a plausible and appealing future. The old myths have collapsed, but no new ones have emerged to fill the vacuum. For transformation to occur ,human beings must actively shape the future , an enterprise that goes to the heart of mythmaking. If we are each a cell in what Peter Russell calls “The Global Brain,〞 then this is an individual as well a collective venture.
Topic :The change of the myths Perspective: mythmaking
Aspect(s): myths—idea：understanding Method: problem-solution order Skill: statement-statementQuestions: what why how(what how ) Unit8 para12
But as the Grand Narrative of Progress came to dominate other values and views, it cast a malignant shadow. The invention of the automobile was the quintessence of progress, but it left overcrowded highways, air pollution, and deforestation in its wake. Fertilizers in creased crop production but also increased the growth of algae in lakes and canals. The discovery of powerful insecticides — first greeted with enthusiasm and a Nobel Prize — was followed by the unintentional poisoning of fish, birds, and animals. Nuclear power plants increased available energy but led to storage problems, life-threatening contamination, and at least one accident with worldwide repercussions. The waste products of technological living began to choke great cities and foul once-pristine lands. Although Western housing, clothing, and religion were brought to abotiginal people, and the rate of infectious disease went down, the rate of alcoholism, drug addiction, suicide, and spouse and child abuse went up.
topic :The shadow of GNP Perspectivs: science-society Aspect(s):shadow (material) Method: classification Skill: examplesQuestions: what how
Unit8 para25
The third principle is to identify real-life situations in which antagonists can find mon ground. With a recognition of the limitations of linguistic exchange, postmodernists urge that groups “press beyond dialogue.〞 For example, athletes and musicians from all walks of life can generate smooth and effective teams or musical groups. Business executives and scientists from conflicting backgrounds are often able to work together to generate multinational corporations and cooperative research undertakings.
topic :The principle of mon ground Perspectivs: situation〔mon ground〕
Aspect(s):press beyond dialogueMethod: antithesis比照(homogeneity-heterogeneity)同质异质 Skill: examplesQuestions: what how
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武汉大学博士课程考试英语段落分析
