2020高考一轮复习教材串讲
必修1 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela-a modern hero练习
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
You've just finished a heavy meal and are full up. Suddenly, your host announces proudly that he will be serving his “house specialty” dessert, bananas flambe and that he has spent the better part of the afternoon preparing it. Even though you are foil and don’t even like bananas, you accept a serving of his dessert and eat it all.
Clearly, biological factors do not fully explain our eating behavior. Social factors, based on societal rules and on what we have learned about appropriate eating behavior, also play an important role. Take, for example, the simple fact that people customarily eat breakfast, lunch and dinner at approximately the same times every day. Because we tend to eat on schedule every day, we feel hungry as the usual hour approaches.
Similarly, we put roughly the same amount of food on our plate every day, even though the amount of exercise we may have had, and consequently our need for energy supply, varies from day to day. We also tend to prefer particular food over others. Rats and dogs may be a delicacy in certain Asian cultures, but few people in Western cultures find them appealing despite their potentially high nutritional value. In sum, cultural influences and our individual habits play important roles in determining when, what, and how much we eat.
Other social factors relate to our eating behavior as well. Some of us head toward the refrigerator after a difficult day, seeking comfort in a scoop of Heath Bar Crunch ice cream. Perhaps when we were children, our parents gave us food when we were upset. Eventually, we may have learned to associate food with comfort. Similarly, we may learn that eating, which focuses our attention on immediate pleasures, provides an escape from unpleasant thoughts. Consequently,we may eat when we feel upset and anxious.
1. What causes you to accept the host's dessert offer at the end of the meal? A. Your hunger. B. The host’s pride. C. The pleasant taste. D. Social politeness.
2. The author explains the factors in eating mainly by . A. making a comparison. C. analyzing the data.
B. using examples. D. undertaking a survey.
3. Which of the following might be the best title for the text? A. Social Factors in Eating. B. Causes of Hunger.
C. Table Manners at Meals. D. Cultural Differences in Eating. B
Meditation has been around for thousands of years, starting as a religious practice. Hindu(印度教)holy books from around 1500 BC describe meditating on the divine (神)，and art from this time period shows people sitting cross-legged and alone in a garden. In China and India around the fifth century BC, other forms of mediation developed. Several religions, including Taoism, Buddhism, Islam, and Christianity, had meditative ceremonies. In 20th-century Europe and America, secular meditation arrived from India. Rather than focusing on spiritual growth, it emphasizes stress reduction, relaxation, and self-improvement.
Although it still isn't exactly mainstream, many people practice meditation. Mindfulness meditation, in particular, has become more popular in recent years. The practice involves sitting comfortably, focusing on one's breathing, and bringing the mind's attention to the present. Concerns about the past or future are let go of. An individual can picture worries popping like a bubble or flying away like a butterfly.
Mindfulness is about increasing awareness and practicing acceptance. To be present is to have sharpened attention. According to the Mayo Clinic, \your emotional well-being. \-awareness, and stress management skills. Asthma, depression, and sleep disorders are all conditions worsened by stress. Several studies have shown that patients with these conditions benefit from meditation.
Dr. Robert Schneider, director of the Institute for Natural Medicine and Prevention, says, \researching effects of meditation on health for thirty years and have found it has persuasive benefits. The benefits of meditation are coming to be widely accepted by health professionals business leaders and the media. It is now time for the medical profession to catch up. \
4. The underlined word “secular” in paragraph 1 most nearly means . A. non-religious
. B. non-traditional.
C. serious. D. daily. 5. When you are deep in meditation, you will . A. feel tired very soon C. sense calm and peace
B. have sleep disorders
D. experience more negative emotions
6. What is the main idea of the text?
A. One's mental health is supposed to come first in life. B. Medicine is no more effective than meditation for patients. C. Mindfulness meditation helps practitioners focus on mental health. D. Mindfulness meditation is getting more accepted due to its benefits. Ⅱ.语篇填空
Mr.James owns a company.He put an advertisement 1. a newspaper for a boy to work in his
office.Out of nearly fifty people 2. came to apply,the man selected one and dismissed 3. others.
“I would like to know,” said a friend,“the reason you preferred that boy,who brought neither a single letter,4.
a single recommendation.”
“You are wrong,” said the gentlemen.“He had many.He wiped his feet at the door and closed the door behind him,5.kind and 6.
(mean) that he was careful.He gave his seat immediately to an old man,showing that he was
(thought).He took off his cap when he came in and answered my questions quickly,showing
that he was a polite gentleman.Everyone else stepped over the book that I 7. (put) on the floor purposely.He picked 8. up and placed it on the table,and he waited quietly for his turn instead of pushing and crowding.When I talked to him,I noticed his tidy clothing,his 9. (neat) brushed hair,and his clean fingernails.Can’t you see that these are excellent recommendations?I considered them to be more significant than 10. (letter).”
Hearing the words,the friend nodded in agreement. Ⅲ. 书面表达
假设你是红星中学学生会主席李华。下个月学校将到所在社区开展“美化家园”和“社区讲堂”两次志愿者活动。你班交换生Jim打算参加其中的一项活动, 发来邮件咨询。
请你给Jim回复一封邮件, 内容包括： 1. 推荐一项活动； 2. 简述可做的事情； 3. 表达愿望。
注意：1. 词数不少于50；
2. 邮件的开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数。 Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours, Li Hua
2020高考英语一轮复习必修1：Unit 5 Nelson Mandela—a modern hero 综合提升训练附答案
