绝密★启用前2007年全国硕士研究生招生考试
英语
（科目代码：201）
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SectionI
Directions:
UseofEnglish
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)
By1830theformerSpanishandPortuguesecolonieshadbecomeindependentnations.Theroughly20millionindependence
31ofthesenationslooked
2tothefuture.
4to
BorninthecrisisoftheoldregimeandIberiancolonialism,manyoftheleadersof
theidealsofrepresentativegovernment,careers
56talent,freedomofcommerceandtrade,thetheindividualasthebasisofsociety.viableandintegratedbya7Ontheissueof
8therewaslessagreement
10toprivateproperty,andabeliefin
therewasabeliefthatthenewnations
shouldbesovereignandindependentstates,largeenoughtobeeconomically
setoflaws.
9,most
theleadership.RomanCatholicismhadbeen1114bytheSpanishcrown.1312theofficialreligionofthenew
ofreligionandthepositionoftheChurch,
thestatereligionandtheonlyonestates,somesoughttoendthebecamearallying
15leaderssoughttomaintainCatholicism
ofotherfaiths.ThedefenseoftheChurch
fortheconservativeforces.
16inreturn
Theidealsoftheearlyleadersofindependencewereoftenegalitarian,valuingequalityofeverything.BolivarhadreceivedaidfromHaitiandhadeverywhereexceptSpain’s
17toabolishslaveryintheareasheliberated.By1854slaveryhadbeenabolished
colonies.EarlypromisestoendIndiantribute
18becausethenewnations
20self-ruleand
19.Egalitariansentimentswereoften
andtaxesonpeopleofmixedorigincamemuchstillneededtherevenuesuchpoliciesdemocracy.1.[A]natives2.[A]confusedly3.[A]shared4.[A]related
[B]inhabitants[B]cheerfully[B]forgot[B]close
英语试题.1.temperedbyfearsthatthemassofthepopulationwas
[C]peoples[C]worriedly[C]attained[C]open
（共14页）[D]individuals[D]hopefully[D]rejected[D]devoted
5.[A]access6.[A]Presumably7.[A]unique8.[A]freedom9.[A]therefore10.[A]with11.[A]allowed12.[A]Since13.[A]as14.[A]spread15.[A]support16.[A]urged17.[A]controlling18.[A]slower19.[A]created20.[A]puzzledby
[C]pessimisticabout
[B]succession[B]Incidentally[B]common[B]origin[B]however[B]about[B]preached[B]If[B]for[B]interference[B]cry[B]intended[B]former[B]faster[B]produced
[C]right[C]Obviously[C]particular[C]impact[C]indeed[C]among[C]granted[C]Unless[C]under[C]exclusion[C]plea[C]expected[C]remaining[C]easier[C]contributed[B]hostileto[D]unpreparedfor
[D]return[D]Generally[D]typical[D]reform[D]moreover[D]by[D]funded[D]While[D]against[D]influence[D]wish[D]promised[D]original[D]tougher[D]preferred
SectionII
PartADirections:
ReadingComprehension
Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)
英语试题.2.（共14页）Text1
Ifyouweretoexaminethebirthcertificatesofeverysoccerplayerin2006’sWorldCuptournament,youwouldmostlikelyfindanoteworthyquirk:elitesoccerplayersaremorelikelytohavebeenbornintheearliermonthsoftheyearthaninthelatermonths.IfyouthenexaminedtheEuropeannationalyouthteamsthatfeedtheWorldCupandprofessionalranks,youwouldfindthisstrangephenomenontobeevenmorepronounced.
Whatmightaccountforthisstrangephenomenon?Hereareafewguesses:a)certainastrologicalsignsconfersuperiorsoccerskills;b)winter-bornbabiestendtohavehigheroxygencapacity,whichincreasessoccerstamina;c)soccer-madparentsaremorelikelytoconceivechildreninspringtime,attheannualpeakofsoccermania;d)noneoftheabove.
AndersEricsson,a58-year-oldpsychologyprofessoratFloridaStateUniversity,sayshebelievesstronglyin“noneoftheabove.”EricssongrewupinSweden,andstudiednuclearengineeringuntilherealizedhewouldhavemoreopportunitytoconducthisownresearchifheswitchedtopsychology.Hisfirstexperiment,nearly30yearsago,involvedmemory:trainingapersontohearandthenrepeatarandomseriesofnumbers.“Withthefirstsubject,afterabout20hoursoftraining,hisdigitspanhadrisenfrom7to20,”Ericssonrecalls.“Hekeptimproving,andafterabout200hoursoftraininghehadrisentoover80numbers.”
Thissuccess,coupledwithlaterresearchshowingthatmemoryitselfisnotgeneticallydetermined,ledEricssontoconcludethattheactofmemorizingismoreofacognitiveexercisethananintuitiveone.Inotherwords,whateverinborndifferencestwopeoplemayexhibitintheirabilitiestomemorize,thosedifferencesareswampedbyhowwelleachperson“encodes”theinformation.Andthebestwaytolearnhowtoencodeinformationmeaningfully,Ericssondetermined,wasaprocessknownasdeliberatepractice.Deliberatepracticeentailsmorethansimplyrepeatingatask.Rather,itinvolvessettingspecificgoals,obtainingimmediatefeedbackandconcentratingasmuchontechniqueasonoutcome.
Ericssonandhiscolleagueshavethustakentostudyingexpertperformersinawiderangeofpursuits,includingsoccer.Theygatherallthedatatheycan,notjustperformancestatisticsandbiographicaldetailsbutalsotheresultsoftheirownlaboratoryexperimentswithhighachievers.Theirworkmakesaratherstartlingassertion:thetraitwecommonlycalltalentishighlyoverrated.Or,putanotherway,expertperformers–whetherinmemoryorsurgery,balletorcomputerprogramming–arenearlyalwaysmade,notborn.
英语试题.3.（共14页）21.Thebirthdayphenomenonfoundamongsoccerplayersismentionedto[A]stresstheimportanceofprofessionaltraining.[B]spotlightthesoccersuperstarsintheWorldCup.[C]introducethetopicofwhatmakesexpertperformance.[D]explainwhysomesoccerteamsplaybetterthanothers.22.Theword“mania”(Line4,Paragraph2)mostprobablymeans[A]fun.[B]craze.[C]hysteria.[D]excitement.
23.AccordingtoEricsson,goodmemory
[A]dependsonmeaningfulprocessingofinformation.[B]resultsfromintuitiveratherthancognitiveexercises.[C]isdeterminedbygeneticratherthanpsychologicalfactors.[D]requiresimmediatefeedbackandahighdegreeofconcentration.24.Ericssonandhiscolleaguesbelievethat
[A]talentisadominatingfactorforprofessionalsuccess.[B]biographicaldataprovidethekeytoexcellentperformance.[C]theroleoftalenttendstobeoverlooked.
[D]highachieversowetheirsuccessmostlytonurture.
25.Whichofthefollowingproverbsisclosesttothemessagethetexttriestoconvey?[A]“Faithwillmovemountains.”[B]“Onereapswhatonesows.”[C]“Practicemakesperfect.”[D]“Likefather,likeson.”
英语试题.4.（共14页）
2007年考研英语真题（英一二通用）
